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Vliv kvality siláže na množství a složení mléka dojnic českého strakatého plemene skotu
Úradníčková, Hana
The diploma thesis is focused on analysing the impact of the quality of silage on the production and quality of milk of the Czech fleckvieh cattle. For this purpose, a herd of Czech fleckvieh cattle was observed in monthly intervals for the whole year 2016. I focused mainly on assessing the impact of the quality of silage and total mixed ration (TMR) on the components of milk and the milk production. At each observation, was carried out an assessment of the individual TMR fractions using a separator. The detection of cow comfort index (CCI) was followed by monitoring movements of chewing, chewing times and evaluation of condition of selected cows at the first lactation. The structure of the TMR during the year varied widely. The fraction of TMR on the first separator sieve ranged from 4.1% of TMR for cows at the peak of the lactation up to 91.41% of TMR for cows standing dry. The structure of the TMR for cows at the peak of lactation during the year was nearly optimal, since on the bottom of the separator there was only a minimal amount of TMR. The majority of the TMR remained in the second and third sieves. On the first sieve, there was found more than 10% TMR (except month of January - 4.55%), which corresponds to the general requirements of the structural fibre. According to the laboratory analyses the quality of the corn silage had not significantly changed. The dry matter was in the range from 31.78 to 37.91%, crude protein was from 8.3 to 11.04%, starch was from 28.78 to 41.55%, fibre was from 14 to 19.95%, pH from 3.70 to 3 81, NEL 6.60 to 6.81 MJ/kg and acidity of water extract from 1916 to 2211 mg KOH/100 g. CCI during the year ranged from 79.25 to 91.49%. Regarding chewing movements, the cow performed an average of 58 chewing movements in an average time of 58 seconds. Also, an evaluation was carried out of the body condition score of cows at their first lactation. The average value was 3.21 points, which is reported below the minimum threshold which a cow should achieve in this period (3.25 points). Due to the optimized feed rations, whose nutritional content was approaching the optimal values, the impact of variation of these values did not show up either on quantity or quality of milk, or dairy cow welfare parameters.
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Kondice holštýnských dojnic a vlivy které na ni působí
Úradníčková, Hana
Bachelor thesis focuses on the analysis of the influences acting on the body condition Holstein cows and their own assessment of body condition. The main part deals with the evaluation of body condition Holstein cattle and influences that act on it. Then the thesis reviews the body condition for further farm animals and hobby animals. I made two observations of cows at first lactation in the ŠZP Žabčice. Of these cows were selected 48 pieces, it is at each observation 24 pieces of which 12 cows were in the stage of lactation in 100 days and for 12 cows over 100 days. The first sighting took place in November 2014, and the second in February 2015. In my observations, I focused on the analysis of two influences, and how it affects month follow-up (November, February) and stage of lactation (within 100 days and over 100 days).The results observed were as follows. When monitor the influence of the month sighting on the body condition, the mean BCS (Body condition score) in November it was 3.11 points and 2.97 points in February. The average of the lowest values observed in November was 2.47 points and 2.56 in February. The average of the maximum values reached in November 4 points and 3.56 points in February. Regarding the influence of stage of lactation, the values of average body condition at the stage of lactation of 100 days 2.98 points and over 100 days 3.1 points. The average of the lowest values in the phase of 100 days was 2.47 points and over 100 days 2.56 points. The average of the maximum values reached within 100 days of lactation 3.84 points and over 100 days of lactation 3.91 points.
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