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Determination of Clothing Evaporative Resistance for - Thermo-Physiology Modelling using a Thermal Mannequin
Toma, Róbert ; Hes,, Luboš (oponent) ; Lunerová, Kamila (oponent) ; Jícha, Miroslav (vedoucí práce)
Global warming and environmental changes are currently one of the main topics discussed around the world. As we could start to see the signs of climate changes, more attention needs to be placed on the protection of humans health, as the changing climate could have impact also in places, were it was not the case in the past. Many professions, especially the ones using some kind of protective clothing, could be in danger from heat stress. It is known that sweat evaporation is the main thermoregulatory feature for a heat dissipation from the human body to the environment and these protective clothing, with combination with higher metabolic rates during the work, could be potentially dangerous. These are the reason why heat stress prediction models and thermo physiological models are being enhanced and used widely. One of the most problematic input data for these models are clothing properties - thermal insulation, clothing area factor and evaporative resistance, whose inaccuracy could have huge impact on the resultant physiological prediction. Although thermal insulation measurements on thermal manikins are well tested, precise and reliable, this cannot be said about measurement of evaporative resistance using manikins, including manikin NEWTON at Brno University of Technology. Thus, the aim of this study was the development of the measurement procedure and calculation methods to determine clothing evaporative resistance using thermal manikin NEWTON at BUT. Measurement setup and methodology was successfully validated using dataset measured on manikin TORE at Lund University, with the results laying within 4 % of the mean values in all but two cases. The results shows that with strict measurement methodology, it is possible to achieve good reproducibility of the measurement, which was not the case in previous studies. Furthermore, the results shows that repeatability of the measurement is also within 4 % on both manikins, as same repeatability precision is set in the standards for thermal insulation measurements. Lastly, the mass loss method is essentially correct and closer to the physical nature of heat transfer by sweating, but with the current technical limitations, it is very challenging to obtain local evaporative resistance values from this method. Thus, heat loss method must be used to obtain these local values. Multiple corrections for the calculation of evaporative resistance values from the heat loss method were tested and verified. This could be of interest to engineers and researchers in the field of thermo physiological modeling, as local values of clothing properties are essential to obtain precise physiological predictions. Finally, the possibility to obtain evaporative resistance values at BUT could potentially bring new opportunities for projects and cooperations.
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Problematika odběru vzorků nebezpečných látek pro forenzní účely s využitím metod inženýrství rizik
Adamec, Vladimír ; Schüllerová, Barbora ; Fidrichová, Ivana ; Lunerová, Kamila ; Králík, Lukáš
Inženýrství rizik a jeho metody jsou aplikovány v mnoha vědeckých oborech. Získané znalosti a hodnoty nacházejí široké uplatnění v praxi, které napomáhají odborníkům k orientaci v řešené problematice a urychlení souvisejících procesů. Cílem příspěvku, je seznámení s možným využitím metod a znalostí inženýrství rizik ve forenzních vědách na konkrétním příkladu aplikace, kdy byla vytvořena metodika odběru vzorků nebezpečných látek pro forenzní účely. Metodika vznikla na základě skutečnosti, že v České republice nebyl doposud takový konkrétní předpis vydán a nebyl sjednocen postup odběru vzorků tak, aby vyhovoval forenzním požadavkům.
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