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The impact of ambient ozone on cardiovascular and respiratory diseases of people living in Prague, 2002-2006
Řezáčová, Jana ; Bartoňová, Alena (referee) ; Hůnová, Iva (advisor)
Ambient ozone (O3) is one of significant components of atmospheric photochemical pollution. As a consequence of increasing emissions of its precursors and favourable meteorological conditions it is one of the most spread and most monitored atmosphere pollutants. O3 is a toxic gas unfavourably affecting human health. The study evaluates ambient ozone (O3) influence on the health of the people living in Prague, the capital of Czech Republic, during the period 2002-2006. Its specific theme is to investigate correlation between ambient ozone (O3) concentrations and daily mortality from all causes, daily mortality from cardiovascular diseases (diagnose I00-I99, ICD-10), daily mortality from respiratory diseases (diagnose J00-J99, ICD-10), daily hospitalizations from cardiovascular diseases (dg. I00-I99, ICD-10) and daily hospitalizations from respiratory diseases (dg. J00-J99, ICD-10). The correlations was evaluated via Poisson regression modelling, using generalized linear model procedure (GLM) in Stata program, allowing for overdispersion. Resulting correlations were adjusted to influence of climatic factors (temperature, humidity) and so-called calendar effects (long time trends, weekly runing days, holidays). Data analysis proved a statistically significant correlation between daily mortality from...
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Ambient air pollution in Vlastejovice - the issue of local sources
Stoklasová, Petra ; Hovorka, Jan (referee) ; Hůnová, Iva (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of air pollution in small settlements caused by local sources such as home stoves. It is focused on the situation in a small village Vlastějovice, which lies in the Kutná Hora region. The main aim of this thesis was to detect if local stoves are the main air pollution sources in the village. This should be proved by the calculation of all emissions released by domestic stoves for the duration of one year. Input data were obtained from questionnaires and were compared with the data from the population and housing census of 2001. The calculations of these two sources differ. These differences are probably caused by inaccuracies in the questionnaires. The bachelor thesis was compared with a similar publication: the Bachelor thesis of Petr Dvorščík (2009). I found out that the year emissions from one flat in a family house in Vlastějovice are higher than the year emissions from one model flat, whose area has a size of an average flat in a family house. However, it would be better to make a long-term emission monitoring in order to get more exact data and results.
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Impact of the ETS on human health
Tesař, Tomáš ; Braniš, Martin (referee) ; Hůnová, Iva (advisor)
The aim of this paper is to summarize harmful effects of tobacco smoke on human health, using recent studies of international significance level. It also brings the potential risks which may ETS cause, particularly cardiovascular disease and the effects of passive smoking, but many other diseases associated with indoor pollution caused by tobacco smoke. This work also deals with the chemical and physical composition, indicating the pollutant, the differences of the individual components and the methods by which the smoke exposure is investigated. The aim is to present the frequently discussed issues related to indoor environment and human health, as well as air pollution indoors. Finally, the thesis will outline economic damage and describe the situation and legal standards associated with passive smoking in the Czech Republic.
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Bioaerosols
Hladíková, Dita ; Hovorka, Jan (referee) ; Hůnová, Iva (advisor)
Bioaerosols and aerobiology are similar terms associated with the study of chemical, physical and biological fields. Bioaerosols in the air is a part of the aerosol containing particles of biological origin, such as viruses, bacteria, fungal spores, house dust mites and pollen. These particles can affect health of living organisms in terms of allergies, toxicity, carcinogenicity or infection and ultimately affect the planet's climate system because of acting as condensation nuclei for the formation of precipitation. The most studied biological effects of the above-mentioned on human health are reported respiratory symptoms and pulmonary diseases. This is due to almost continuous human exposure to these particles, both in the domestic environment, which includes mainly house dust mites, animal allergens, molds and bacteria, and outdoors, where a person is exposed to pollen and outdoor molds. In the case of interference with the climate system of the Earth there is a direct or indirect influence. Indirect effects include the creation of clouds and precipitation, which has the effect on the hydrological cycle of the planet. Scattering and absorption of solar radiation is considered a direct effect on climate change. Foreign literature was a crucial source of information on this topic.
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Application of diffusive samplers for ambient ozone measurements
Cepáková, Šárka ; Přibil, Rudolf (referee) ; Hůnová, Iva (advisor)
Diffuse sampling is based on free flow of analyte molecules from the sampled medium to a collecting medium. This method is used for quantifying ambient, gaseous air pollutant concentrations. Diffuse monitoring offers a geographical concentration distribution. It is available choice for measuring ambient ozone. Today, tropospheric ozone belongs to the most problematic pollutants in the atmosphere. And thatś why it is useful to monitor spatial and temporal variations in the amount of this pollutant. The offer of diffuse samplers for monitoring ambient ozone concentration is wide enough - the most widely used samplers are for example Gradko, Ogawa, Radiello or IVL.
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