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Notes on proto-romani
Beníšek, Michael ; Kostič, Svetislav (referee) ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor)
This M.A. thesis, entitled Notes on Proto-Romani, attempts to outline an introduction to research into Romani in the context of an historical and comparative linguistics of Indo-Aryan languages. It summarizes the research carried out so far, beginning with the discovery of the Indian origin of Romani and placing particular emphasis on the Turner's theory about its Central Indo-Aryan provenance. The core of the diploma paper lies in the notion of "Proto-Romani", which is here considered a label for the development between the direct Middle Indo-Aryan forerunner of Romani and Early Romani. The aim is to demonstrate ways and methods of reconstructing such development, based on the comparison of (Common) Romani with various Indo- Aryan languages and with those of the Middle Indo-Aryan period in particular. The definition is accompanied by some in-depth linguistic analyses illustrating the reconstruction of Proto-Romani development on various language levels (phonology, morphology, syntax). The final chapter pertains to etymology and lexical development, in that it tries to analyse and resolve issues concerning some words for which both an Indo-Aryan and an Iranian source have been proposed.
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Life of Indians in the west as reflected in short stories by Sunita Jain
Bočanová, Petra ; Kostič, Svetislav (referee) ; Marková, Dagmar (advisor)
The main goal of the thesis is to evaluate the contribution of the short stories written by Hindi writer, Sunita Jain concerning the cultural differences between the Western and the Indian cultures and the lives of Indian people within the diaspora in the United States. The thesis opens with a brief introduction of the history of the Indian immigration to the United States of America and to England. This historical background is necesarry for understanding the basic elements of what follows. The thesis continues with the description of the main differences between the Western culture and the Indian culture. The content is focused towards the observations highlighted in the selected works by Sunita Jain. The chapter also raises questions on what it means to be an Indian in the world today and how the Indians deal with the balance of spirituality and materialism on home soil. The penultimate chapter, chapter three, looks at the life of Sunita Jain and describes the crucial moments that have affected her writings. The final chapter describes the life of the heros in Sunita Jain's short stories, that are placed in USA or after they returned to India from USA. The chapter also examines the cultural differences as they were grasped by the author, it deals with the common life they lead and compares it to the one...
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Impact of English on the Modern Hindi
Svobodová, Blanka ; Vacek, Jaroslav (referee) ; Kostič, Svetislav (advisor)
The aim of this thesis was to provide a description of the linguistic behaviour and repertoire of the speakers of Hindi from the so-called middle-class of the capital city of Delhi, who come into contact with native speakers of English in their employment and everyday life. Therefore, the thesis starts with CHAPTER ONE, where I described and explained the methodology and material used (1.1.0), provided a definition of the middle class in India and its determinants (1.2.0.) in view to my respondents and thirdly gave a detailed insight into the multicultural and multilingual situation in Delhi (1.3.0.), where all of the respondents live. In CHAPTER TWO, I demonstrated the evolution of the language presently known as Hindi, i.e. a language that has been influenced and enriched by various cultures and languages, both from the internal sources such as the Sanskrit based words tatsama (2.1.1.), Hindi based words tadbhava (2.1.2.) and vernacular words called desi (2.2.) as well as external sources, such as Arabic (2.3.1.), Turkish (2.3.2.), Urdu (2.3.3.) or Persian (2.3.4.) and especially the linguistic influences connected with the European Colonial Powers, such as Portuguese (2.4.1.) and above all English (2.4.2.), whose influence started to be felt from the second half of the 19th century and culminated in the...
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Gerund in Hindi
Jakubovie, Katarína ; Vacek, Jaroslav (referee) ; Kostič, Svetislav (advisor)
Cieľom mojej práce je podrobne popísať slovesné podstatné meno - gerundium a jeho funkcie v súčasnej hindčine. Tento jav spadá v hindčine pod problematiku infinitívu a jeho konštrukcií. Gerundiálne konštrukcie autori v gramatikách spomínajú len okrajovo a doteraz neexistuje práca, ktorá by sa podrobne a systematicky zaoberala týmto javom a jeho využitím v súčasnej spisovnej hindčine. Gerundium sa v literatúre a bežnej konverzácii využíva veľmi často. Hindčina nemá tendenciu robiť dlhé opisné vedľajšie vety, a práve namiesto týchto viet využíva participiálne alebo infinitívne, hlavne gerundiálne, konštrukcie. Pri popise som vychádzala z rôznych dostupných gramatík hindského jazyka a príklady som vyberala z poviedok súčasných hindských autorov (Prémčand, Jašpál, Agjéj, Suníta Džainová, Móhan Rákeš atď.).1 Na excerpovanom materiáli som sa snažila popísať všetky špecifické funkcie tohoto javu. Pri popise som kvôli prehľadnosti postupovala systematicky, podľa vytriedených excerpovaných príkladov. V prvej kapitole sa venujem slovesu, hlavne použitiu jeho neurčitých tvarov a významu druhého slovesného tvaru vo vete v súčasných jazykoch a hindčine. Zameriam sa predovšetkým na použitie neurčitku a priblížim tiež gramatické termíny ako gerundium a supínum, ktoré sa vyskytovali v klasických jazykoch a mali svoj...
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The modern art in India - the outline of development
Vítů, Barbora ; Czumalo, Vladimír (referee) ; Kostič, Svetislav (advisor)
This bachelor thesis attempts to provide a chronological outline of the development of Indian modern visual arts - from its beginnings to the present. A key determinant for the attribute "modern" used in this thesis, is related to the Indian cultural and historical context in its specifics. The key topics of this thesis are especially various forms of modern Indian art and cultural tradition, eclecticism and universal visual language, as well as the question of effects of cultural globalization. The thesis has been structured in a manner, that each chapter provides in its beginning a general idea and description of the context to which a concrete style of artistic approach responses. There are also key references to the emergence of some major institutions included (such as certain art schools and academies, the National Gallery, Expo, Triennale etc.). The individual chapters deal with representative artists. Their works and life stories may be helpful in approach to further understanding modern Indian art in its complexity. The work is complemented by several short appendices.
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The laws of Manu and the Dharmashastras
Hadvigová, Helena ; Vacek, Jaroslav (referee) ; Kostič, Svetislav (advisor)
Hlavným cieľom mojej bakalárskej práce bol bližší pohľad na Manuov zákonník so zámerom zoznámiť čitateľa s týmto pre Indov veľmi významným dielom a zdôvodniť jeho dôležitosť napriek rôznym sporným miestam a nezrovnalostiam, ktoré sa v ňom nachádzajú. V závislosti na Manuov zákonník som stručne popísala všeobecné diela zaoberajúce sa chovaním a jednaním príslušníkov hinduistickej spoločnosti dharmašástry a takisto sútrovú literatúru, ktorá predchádzala ich vzniku. Manuov zákonník som čerpala z dvoch anglických prekladov, ktoré boli odlišné, a preto som sa snažila zobrať si z oboch to, čo bolo pre mňa najzrozumiteľnejšie. Niekedy nebolo vôbec jednoduché poskladať obsah jednotlivých kapitol. Príklady, ktoré uvádzam, som prekladala tak, aby boli zrozumiteľné pre každého. Vyberala som tie, ktoré sa mi zdali najvýstižnejšie pre ich zaradenie na to ktoré miesto v texte, ktoré som chcela podčiarknuť. Pri čítaní Manuovho zákonníka som sa často pozastavovala nad krutosťami niektorých trestov, ktoré som si nevedela, a vlastne ani nechcela, predstaviť. Verím však tomu, že Manu i ostatní autori, ktorí prispeli do tohto zákonníka vedeli, čo robia. Rátali so všetkými situáciami, ktoré by mohli nastať. Na všetko existuje nejaké pravidlo, a za jeho porušenie musí nasledovať trest. No nemyslím si, že všetky opísané tresty...
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The influence of Arabic and Persian language on the development of Hindi
Gamza, Dagna ; Marková, Dagmar (referee) ; Kostič, Svetislav (advisor)
Cílem této bakálařké práce je stručně seznámit s příchodem perštiny a arabštiny do Indie, s jejím působením v Indii a s novými jazyky, které z této dlouhodobé přitomnosti perštiny a arabštiny na indickém subkontinentu vznikly. Také se pokusím podat stručný přehled perských a arabských prvků patrných v hindském jazyce, jako je především rozsáhlá slovní zásoba, užívání perských afixů, perského genitivu, vokativu a plurálu, arabského atributivnícho genitivu a adverbiálního akuzativu. Ve své práci bych chtěla uvést sémantické kategorie persko-arabských přejatých slov a hybridních kompozit v hindštině a urdštině a fonologické a morfologické změny, kterými přejatá slova musela projít. Speciální kapitola je věnovaná urdskému písmu a písmu Nastalík.
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Human body in Hindi idioms
Hájek, Jan ; Marková, Dagmar (referee) ; Kostič, Svetislav (advisor)
Cílem této práce je popisným způsobem zpracovat problematiku hindské idiomatické slovní zásoby, a sice konkrétně takové idiomy, které obsahují jako svůj komponent pojmenování části lidského těla. Jelikož je problematika idiomatiky a frazeologie příliš složitá na to, abychom se v práci mohli zaměřit na veškeré její aspekty, omezíme se na popis významů hindských somatických idiomů. Při popisu se zaměříme také na srovnání těchto významů s významy obdobných frazeologických jednotek v češtině. Aby bylo možno dané téma zpracovat, je třeba nejprve vytvořit korpus, jenž bude obsahovat idiomatické jednotky, které budou excerpovány z hindských slovníků frazeologie. Na příkladech z takto vytvořeného korpusu pak budou ilustrovány nalezené významy idiomů. Tento korpus bude tvořit přílohu práce.
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Satyapír in texts of Kabi Karna
Kučerová, Veronika ; Kostič, Svetislav (referee) ; Hříbek, Martin (advisor)
This work deals with the topic of prism or cults of Sufi saints with accent on Satyapr. It focuses especially on how this phenomenon was demonstrated in Bengal where these saints significantly participated on the spread of Islam. In Bengal historical and legendary prs partly fused with the cults of local protective deities and Satyapr is one example of this fusion. In my work I will concentrate on the texts (pls) which glorify his deeds. Author of all these tales should be the poet Kabi Kara. I will try to characterise these texts not only from the religious but also from the literary and cultural points of view. The first part of my work summarise available secondary literature. The remaining two parts are derived from the texts of the book of Bishnupada Panda Pls of r Kavi Kara. At the end of the work there is integrated a complete Czech translation of one pl.
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Development of the Hindi short story. Psychological short story on its way from pre-nayi kahani to nayi kahani
Svobodová, Renata ; Marková, Dagmar (advisor) ; Knotková, Blanka (referee) ; Kostič, Svetislav (referee)
The subject matter of the dissertation is the development of the Hindi psychological short story from the 1920s till the 1960s. For the purpose of this work I have divided the short story texts into three groups. I call the first one, represented by Premcand, Sudarśan, and Prabhkar the "older" period, the 1930s and 1940s - the story writing of Jainendrakumr, Ajey, Yaśpl, and Amt Ry - is seen as a transitory period, and the work of the younger authors: Rkeś, Ydav, Kamleśvar, Varm and Shn is called in accordance with the usual terms as the New Short Story - nay kahn. There is no strict border line between the nay kahn and pre-nay kahn writing. Some of the 1930s and 1940s short stories show in some respects features present in both the periods. That is why I decided to put these stories into a special group, which I call "the stories on their way from the older to the new one." The aim of the theses is a comparison of characteristic features of nay kahn and pre-nay kahn writing. I have compared the stories on the basis of the analysis and interpretation of the collection of representative Hindi texts of the period. I have researched into the subject matter and narrative structure and searched for the differences between the way of writing of the older authors and those, who started to write after the...
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