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Bitchs pregnancy and aftercare about bitch and her puppies
Šírková, Eliška ; Chmelíková, Eva (advisor) ; Fiala Šebková, Naděžda (referee)
The period from the beginning of rutting, mating, pregnancy to birth and following birth time is a difficult period for the whole female dogs organism. The reproductive activity of a female dog is characteristic by physiological, ethological and somatic changes corresponding to each stage of this period. After setting of suitable time of mating, the progesteron level is detected by sampling of peripheral blood. Possible is also assessment of number of foetus by X-ray in time when puppies have ossified bones. Both of these methods can prove not only frequency of litters but also possible complications from side of mother or puppy.
The hormonal activity is an important part of genitals during the pregnancy. Their activity and central control are an important factor for a normal development of a foetus and for a physiological birth.
Some complications can happen during the birth because of the material or fetal causes. Material causes occur more than fetal ones and the most frequent complication is lack of contraction of the uterine muscles or the narrow pelvis. Fetal causes are less frequent but they are more serious. It can occur to wrong posture of a puppy in birth canals or a foetus can be abnormal big.
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Problematic behaviour in shelter dogs
Kubíková, Kateřina ; Fiala Šebková, Naděžda (advisor) ; Chmelíková, Eva (referee)
The aim was to create the most comprehensive scientific literature review on the topic of problematic dog behavior in the shelters.
The work defines physiological and psychological needs of the dog and its natural behavior. There is described the influence of stress, most frequented causes and consequences and different types of behavior problems, which we can meet in dogshelters. Further are the factors that influence the behavior of the dog in the shelter, and the factors that increase the chance of a dog to be adopted. This chapter describes the issue of overpopulation of dogs in the world and castration and sterilization programs to control animal population.
The next part deals with the possible problems that may occur after the dog is adopted by new owner, especially if the owner already have other dogs or children.
The final part of the review focuses on euthanasia, which is compared to the situation in the Czech Republic and abroad.
Problems that may occur after the adoption of a dog from a shelter can be prevented by choosing a suitable dog due of the physical and time schedule of the owner and his experiences with dogs.
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Physiotherapy use in dogs
Gollerová, Aneta ; Chmelíková, Eva (advisor) ; Fiala Šebková, Naděžda (referee)
Terms physiotherapy, rehabilitation and reconditioning mean generally a otal care
of the musculoskeletal system, which should help with the restoration of the patient to its orig-inal health condition after suffering an injury or surgery. And if a full restoration condition is not achieved, it should minimize the negative impact of injuries at least as well
as to shorten a recovery time and reduce a risk of irreversible changes in the joints, muscles, ligaments or nerves, and finally to return the patient to a full life even with a possible physical disability.
Use of physiotherapy in dogs has been growing in recent years significantly and rapidly becoming a recognized discipline, that has been sought by veterinary experts and dog owners more and more. The medical physiotherapy, which has a proven positive effect on the human musculosceletal system has influenced an origin and development of the veterinary
physiotherapy.
Physiotherapy involves both methods - physical and manual. First of all, among
the physical methods belong the hydrotherapy, magnet therapy, ultrasound
and thermotherapy. Manual methods are for example the massages, Dorn massage method or Elastic therapeutic taping. Positive effect of rehabilitation is not only visible
in the musculoskeletal system, but almost in the whole body, beginning from the central
nervous system, through cardiovascular system to lymphatic system.
Of all domestic animals the physiotherapy has been widely used just in dogs.
The massages, hydrotherapy and various kinds of exercises are mostly used in a real life prac-tice.
As it appears at the present, the physiotherapy in dogs has excellent results and is used
as a part of treatment of orthopedic and neurological diseases mainly, however, it is also used in the treatment of diseases of internal organs and cancer patients. Moreover, it is also suitable for healthy dogs with high loads, for example for sporting or working dogs.
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Reintroduction of Grey wolf in the USA
Myslivcová, Markéta ; Fiala Šebková, Naděžda (advisor) ; Chmelíková, Eva (referee)
This bachelors study Reintroduction of Grey wolf in the USA summarizes known facts about species Grey wolf (Canis lupus) in its first part. It describes problems in taxonomic system, lists wolf subspecies, describes its natural home range and habitat, morphology, social behavior and pack structure, ethology, reproduction and process of raising wolf pups, hunting techniques, eating habits, and wolf and human relationships.
Wolves as top predators play a key role in natural ecosystem and a big part of this work focuses on benefits of wolf presence in natural habitat. These benefits are for example higher biodiversity and natural balance. The second part of the paper focuses on wolves in the USA. It describes in detail a history of wolf presence in the lower 48 states, the causes of wolf eradication caused by humans, and following controversial reintroduction. It describes the recovery of Eastern timber wolf, Mexican wolf, and the recovery of Grey wolves in the northern Rocky Mountains in detail. Creation of the endangered species act in 1973 triggered the wolf reintroduction in the USA. The purpose of the Endangered species act, as described by the congress, is to reestablish a population of a species listed as endangered and to protect its natural habitat. The Grey wolf was listed ad endangered in 1974, and plans of reintroduction started to form immediately. This work describes the process of reintroduction, its impact on the environment, and also problems it brings to the society. These problems are for example depredation of livestock, danger to pets and possible decline of game species as elk and deer . It also describes current population size and population management
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Hereditary diseases in Border Collies in the Czech republic
Jírová, Kateřina ; Chmelíková, Eva (advisor) ; Fiala Šebková, Naděžda (referee)
The Border collie breed is becoming very popular in the Czech Republic which is related to the increased possibility of hereditary diseases of the breed. The aim of this thesis is to provide a comprehensive review of literature on hereditary diseases of Border Collies in the Czech Republic. The thesis focuses on the most common and most monitored defects and diseases affecting Border collies. In particular they are musculoskeletal diseases (hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia, shoulder osteochondritis dissecans) eye diseases (progressive retinal atrophy, collie eye anomaly, and primary glaucoma), disease of the white blood cells and diseases of the nervous system (epilepsy, neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, multi-drug resistance). In Border collie breeding there is a lack of a complete database with health results of breeder dogs. The only available information provided by Border Collie Club are the results of hip dysplasia, although all dogs must be presented at evaluation with an examination of hereditary eye diseases and since January 1, 2014 also by examination of elbow dysplasia and shoulder joint osteochondritis. As at least one of the parents must be examined in trapped neutrophil syndrome with the TNS normal results, the overall results of this examination should be included in the database. Voluntary examination as neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis and multi - drug resistance are difficult to monitor but even this information would be useful. Concerning the epilepsy occurrence there is no unofficial voluntary list. The work has proved that despite the higher popularity of the Border collie breed are not burdened by hereditary diseases in the Czech Republic. There are no individuals stricken with progressive retinal atrophy or eye anomaly, nor individuals with trapped neutrophil syndrome or neuronal ceroid lipufuscinosis. The occurrence of hip dysplasia could be decreased. Although 72,9 % of breeding dogs do not suffer from hip dysplasia, the occurrence of the the limit level C, still acceptable for breeding, is 11,9 % and could be certainly higher. It is up to the decision of owners whether to breed such a dog, as well as up to the decision of the Border Collie Club when the limit is decreased.
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The dog and its effect on the human psyche
Široká, Kateřina ; Fiala Šebková, Naděžda (advisor) ; Chmelíková, Eva (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to create a scientific research which is both comprehensive and current on the topic Dogs and their influence on human mental health. The first part is about general usage of dogs in animal-assisted therapy. The history of the mutual relationship between people and dogs is mentioned briefly, including not only domestication of dogs but also the first utilization of dogs in animal-assisted therapy. Further there are different methods of animal-assisted therapy, which can be divided into activities (AAA), therapy (AAT), education (AAE) and animal assisted crisis response (AACR). Coherent conception of education as we know from other fields is still missing in canistherapy as well as unification of testing rules for dogs used in canistherapy. The mentioned levels of therapists qualifications and testing rules for dogs in canistherapy in this thesis are based on a non-profit organisation Pomocné tlapky o.p.s. The second part of this work is focused on dogs influence on human mental health in different diseases and stages of life. Dogs can have an important role in infants emotional development including self-confidence growth, independence and empathy. Dog assisted therapy is proven to be useful for improving psychosocial adaptation of young people in institutional treatment, who suffer from psychosocial problems caused by a traumatic experience from childhood. Dogs can help to stimulate speech development in autistic children, support social interactions as well as both verbal and nonverbal behaviour. Dog assisted therapy was designed as a care complement for patients with posttraumatic stress disorder because it is well known that dogs have positive influence on reducing stress and anxiety. As anxiety is a key schizophrenia feature, dog assisted therapy is also beneficial when treating this disease. AAT application is used for aphasia patients to aim at their desire to communicate, improving their mood and decreasing their feelings of loneliness. Animal assisted intervention (AAI) is also one of the methods designed to improve life quality of geriatric patients. AAI is used as an innovative means to improve mental health in geriatric patients. Dogs also represent big psychological support in oncology patients and make healing process easier. Dogs support feelings of Calmness, wellbeing and safety during hospitalization. As emerged from many studies, dogs have positive influence on human mental health and due to this it is beneficial to include dog assisted intervention as a complementary method within complex rehabilitation.
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Wolves and Wolfdog-hybrids
Zahradníková, Jitka ; Fiala Šebková, Naděžda (advisor) ; Chmelíková, Eva (referee)
This thesis focuses on interspecies crossbreeding of wolves with other canids, especially dogs. The canids can mate and produce a fertile offspring. If the local conditions and etological barriers do not hinder, the hybrids in this area can spread out and endanger the original wolf population, especially when an introgression into the wolf population appears. The Red wolf is especially threatened by mating with coyotes and the Ethiopian wolf especially threatened by mating with domesticated dogs.
The process of cross-breeding took place previously in the early days of domestication. This is not surprising, because dogs of this time and wolves were not morphologically different. In history people were involved in intentional cross-breeding of those species. Either in order to improve the former dogs or experimentally at the zoo in order to get any data about cross-breeds. The hybrids of F1 (first filial generation) were then described as unmanageable and inappropriate for breeding in domestic conditions.
Today there are only few experts that would pursue crossing wolves and dogs. Little is known of successful cases of cross-breeding wolf and dog in captivity in the current conditions in the Czech Republic. The specialist concludes from this that even in our wild nature, where the domestic dogs do not run free, the presence of hybrids is not very likely. Some ethological barriers, such as the process of estrus in wolves and dogs, significantly lower the probability of the presence of cross-breeding in the wild.
Most data about the process of the intentional cross-breeding of the wolf and dog in captivity in the conditions of the former Czechoslovakia are known from the beginning of creation of the breed Czechoslovakian wolfdog. This breed arose as a result of the original research obtaining data about cross-breeding wolves and dogs. Total number of matings of wolf and dog was only four and there was always shown to be a high non-uniformity of the F1 generation.
There are other dog breeds that arose from mating wolf and dog, but only the Czechoslovakian wolfdog and the Saarlooswolfdog are the only ones registered in the FCI. Their mutual morphological comparison is very interesting, together with comparing them with their ancestor, the Eurasian wolf.
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Testing traits Saarloos wolfdog and Czechoslovakian wolfdog
Peterová, Dalia ; Fiala Šebková, Naděžda (advisor) ; Jana, Jana (referee)
This thesis is about cognitive behavior of dogs and wolves. It focuses on breeds of Czechoslovakian Wolfdog and Saarlooswolfdog, resulting from crossbreeding of a dog and a wolf. The thesis describes their natural behavior and abilities to cooperate and communicate with humans.
The thesis repeats series of behavioral experiments performed on dogs and wolfs described by Ádám Miklósi in his study from 2003 "A Simple Reason for a Big Difference: Wolves Do Not Look Back at Humans, but Dogs Do". We were interested to know how these particular crossbreeds would behave in the same model situations, thus we tested them on the Czechoslovakian Wolfdogs and Saarlooswolfdogs.
The first study shows whether the subjects are able to locate hidden food indicated by a known gesture of a human experimenter. The second study examines whether the subject, that is not able to solve a similarly looking task by itself, looks at a human for clues. The dog easily learns how to solve a simple task: opening an object to get to food. And it subsequently faces a similar situation, in which, it is impossible for the dog to resolve it by itself.
These experiments demonstrate that Czechoslovakian Wolfdog and Saarlooswolfdog are able to collaborate with humans with similar willingness. There is no statistical difference between these two breeds and the two sexes of these animals.
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Therapy dog for people with autism
Nekardová, Eliška ; Fiala Šebková, Naděžda (advisor) ; Chmelíková, Eva (referee)
This Bachelor thesis is focused on autism and the importance of an assistance dog for people with this handicap.
Part of this work deals with pervasive developmental disorders, autism where the terms of the classification system ranks. There is also described three basic areas: social interaction, communication, interests and rituals. The work also indicated the distribution of pervasive developmental disorders according to the international classification system for children's autism, atypical autism, Asperger syndrome, other childhood disintegration disorder, Rett syndrome, other pervasive developmental disorders and autistic traits. The work also shows the development of disorders in different age groups and concise diagnosis of autism.
The second part deals with general zootherapy and detail subsequently canistherapy. There is a treatise on the history and forms of animal assisted therapy. An important part of the dismantling of the interaction of humans and animals, the influence of animal assisted therapy on individuals with pervasive developmental disorder. The work is mention of contraindications and canistherapy of ethics for assistance dogs. There are also described breeds suitable for this activity, Labrador Retriever, Golden Retriever, Flat-Coated Retriever and a Border Collie. In the south part includes information on training assistance dog in various organizations in the Czech Republic, specifically at the training center Helppes and organizacion Pomocné tlapky.
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Diseases of the eye and ear in dogs
Plocová, Markéta ; Fiala Šebková, Naděžda (advisor) ; Chmelíková, Eva (referee)
The work deals with the description of selected diseases of the eye and ear. In order to better understand the different diseases and disorders caused by them, there is first described the anatomy and physiology of the competent organs of vision and hearing, and the location of their centers in the brain. Some breeds, due to their anatomical and genetic foundation have predisposition to certain diseases or disorders. Selected diseases of vision and hearing are described in view of anatomical and physiological eventually. Part of the description of diseases is also an overview of the clinical signs and symptoms. Some of selected diseases are genetic and can be inherited from generation to generation. For these heritable diseases are mentioned the possible candidate genes and their localization. Next I explain the congenital diseases that may occur during prenatal or postnatal development. For each disease I present the table with breeds where the disease occurs.
Eye diseases mentioned in this work are largely genetic in origin, so there is described in detail the genetic basis of the disease with a potential name of the candidate gene, the mutation and its localization. I deal with the diseases of the Primary Lens Luxation (PLL), Canine Multifocal Retinopathy (CMR), Multifocal Retinal Dysplasia (MRD), Collie Eye Anomaly (CEA), Dry eye syndrome and curly hair (CKCSID), Glaucoma, Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) . For these hereditary diseases, it is important for breeders to eliminate their occurrence with the consistent breeding work.
The most common diseases of the ear are called otities, ie. ear infections. These infections can lead to damage and finally to the complete loss of hearing. As a separate chapter I mention hearing disorder in Dalmatians, which is associated to the coat color. Next I deal with the neurological symptoms of ear disease, complication associated with total canal ablation and bulla osteotomy, pathological changes in congenital ear disorder MPS (Mucopolysaccharidosis), disorders of the inner ear and the vestibular system.
Finally, it should be noted that thanks to the latest findings of diseases, they are better described and it is achieved better recognition of diseases and their causes, but their prevention is dependent on the origin of the disease. For diseases obtained it is important for the dogs to ensure the welfare conditions, while for hereditary diseases it is necessary the negative selection in the respective breeding of the affected breed.
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