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Measurement of changes in mechanical properties of human skin after application of therapeutic laser.
Jurčíová, Veronika ; Kuchařová, Monika (advisor) ; Ďoubal, Stanislav (referee)
Charles Univerzity in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biophysics and Physical Chemistry Candidate: Veronika Jurčíová Sepervizor: Mgr. Monika Kuchařová, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Measurement of changes in mechanical properties of human skin after application of therapeutic laser This diploma thesis describes in the theoretical part the properties of human skin, the properties of laser radiation and the nature of interaction of laser radiation with human skin. The practical part deals with an in vivo measurement of changes in mechanical parameters of human skin after application of therapeutic laser radiation. The mechanical parameters of human skin were measured in ten volunteers before the application of laser radiation and then after the application. Used energy density of the laser radiation increased from 30 to 90 J·cm-2 . The observed parameters were Hooke's coefficient, Newton's coefficient and the time constant. Hooke's coefficient describes the stiffness of the skin as a whole, Newton's coefficient characterises the viscosity of the skin, the time constant is the time in which skin returns to the original state after deformation. For measurement of those parameters was used dynamic elastometer. It was found out that the changes of Hooke's and Newton's...
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The Optimalization of Nutrition for Elderly People-Evaluating the Impact of Diet
Salfická, Monika ; Ďoubal, Stanislav (advisor) ; Kuchařová, Monika (referee)
Title: The Optimization of Nutrition for Elderly People-Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Diet Summary: This bachelor thesis deals with a question of nutrition and using diets in aging persons. The theoretical part focuses on explaining term of aging and old age in the field of gerontology. This part contains, inter alia, a description of the manifestations of aging on the appearance, movement and mentality. The next section informs about the "right" nutrition throughout life, as we age the moment we are born. In conclusion the theoretical part we find basic information on diet, malnutrition, obesity and diabetes mellitus. The empirical section presents the results of the survey. The survey involved 18 respondents from dietary counseling UROCONT Ltd. in Pardubice and 46 respondents of Flora. The aim of the study was to compare the data of men and women within the age categories. Learn how different Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist to Hip Ratio (WHR), Percent Body Fat (PBF) in patients affected by diabetes and patients healthy. Key words: aging, age, nutrition, diet, obesity, malnutrition, diabetes mellitus, WHR, PBF, BMI, waist circumference
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Compressibility of powder mixture with antifrictional agents.
Motlová, Tereza ; Řehula, Milan (advisor) ; Ďoubal, Stanislav (referee)
The tablet is formed by the effect of compression force during compression process. The supplied energy is consumed in the formation bonds between particles and molecules of compressed material. For that reason it is important to determine the size of energy to be applied for forming tablets. The most common method for detecting the size of the energy is rating of force- displacement profile. In this work were monitored two factors affecting energy compressing. It was a compression pressures of size 5, 10 and 15 kN and research of the influence of frictional materials on the energy compressing. These effects were observed for tablets compressed from microcrystalline cellulose Avicel PH 102. As the frictional material was used magnesium stearate, Aerosil 200, Syloid AL - 1 and Syloid 244. As the parameters of energy were evaluated the following parameters: pre-compression energy E1, plastic energy E2, elastic energy E3, energy used for the compression Elis, total energy Emax and plasticity. The results of this work indicates that compression pressure increases the studied energy except plasticity, where is reduced of this parameter. The presence of friction substances reduces parameter E1, E2, Elis, Emax and plasticity and on the contrary increases the parameter E3.
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The influence of parameters of samples on mechanical properties of biological materials
Roušarová, Pavla ; Kuchařová, Monika (advisor) ; Ďoubal, Stanislav (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of biophysics and physical chemistry Candidate: Pavla Roušarová Supervisor: Mgr. Monika Kuchařová Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: The influence of parameters of samples on mechanical properties of biological materials. In this diploma thesis I dealt with the influence of dimensions of samples of biological material, namely bovine bones, to change their mechanical characteristics measured in static and dynamic mode. Samples were measured on a dynamic elastomers developed at the Department of Biophysics and Physical Chemistry. For our experiment we obtained three samples that had different dimensions, in terms of width, height and length. It was the shin bone (tibia) of a young bull (Bos taurus primigenius f). Animal slaughter age was 20 weeks and the bones were obtained 1 day after slaughter. Impulse response for each sample was measured three times. After every fifth repeated measurements, the distance between the sample and movable measuring system has shrunk by 2 mm. The computer evaluated dynamic modul Ed and viscosity η - which we then transformed into a graph, such as dependence on length. Step characteristic for each sample was measured three times. After every fifth repeated measurements, the distance between the...
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Compressibility of the powder mixture with microcrystalline cellulose.
Hrdinová, Petra ; Řehula, Milan (advisor) ; Ďoubal, Stanislav (referee)
Compressing process can be evaluated by the parameters that are acquired from the record of force-run, stress relaxation or compaction equation. Compac- tion equation expresses the dependency on height, volume or density compression moulded material by pressure. In these thesis is pressing process characterized by parameters of compaction equation. Original Heckel equation declared range of pressing pressures, which caused plastic deformation of materials. Simultaneously pressed material is characterized by rate constant, expressing the rate of reduction of material in the plastic deformation. In these thesis is used triple - exponential equation, which was created at the Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and which is based on Cooper-Eaton equation. In a comparison between the Cooper- Eaton equation, the triple-exponential equation is not based on genuine values of density and detailed interpretation of the meaning of individual parameters. These thesis evaluates the granulate produced from a mixture of lactose monohydrate and microcrystalline cellulose and starch in mixtures where the microcrystalline cellulose is added at the concentration of 10, 20, 30, 40 %. The work results showed that with increasing reduction of volume, at the same time increases the volume of energy consumption and...
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Methods of measurement and evaluation of biological age
Řeháková, Štěpánka ; Klemera, Petr (advisor) ; Ďoubal, Stanislav (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biophysics and Physical Chemistry Candidate: Štěpánka Řeháková Supervisor: doc. RNDr. Petr Klemera, CSc. Title of diploma thesis: Methods of measurement and evaluation of biological age The theoretical part of this thesis deals with theories of aging, the concept of biological age, biomarkers of aging and the evaluation of various methods of determining of the biological age of people. Real data are evaluated in the practical part by using the program BIOLVEK. Simulated data with different selected parameters, generated and evaluated by program BIOLVEK, verify some characteristics of the methodology resulting from the theory. It is mainly about to assess the real possibility of estimating of the true variability of differences between biological and chronological age and about to what extent the inaccuracies of the estimate affect the error of estimate of biological age. Key words: biological age, biomarkers, estimation of biological age, aging
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Influence of external conditions on biomechanical properties of biological materials.
Hrůšová, Eva ; Kuchařová, Monika (advisor) ; Ďoubal, Stanislav (referee)
As a part of this thesis "Influence of external conditions on biomechanical properties of biological materials" was developed. Influence of duration of storing on biomechanical properties of vascular walls was observed in the concrete. Department of biophysics and physical chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy of Charles University in Hradec Králové puts brain to problems of mechanical properties of biological materials and also man-made materials for many years. First part is focused on description of current knowledge in area of mechanical properties of biological materials. Further are described different influences on mechanical properties of vascular wall. In the second practical part are described using materials. We used samples of aorta walls of domestic swine, samples are carved in horizontal and vertical direction. Process of measuring of impulse characteristics of pig's aorta on dynamical elastometer comes after. In this part are listed relations necessary for calculations of monitored mechanical parameters, which were dynamical modulus and viscous component of samples. In the last part are summed up results of our measuring.
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The Methodology of Measurement of Biomechanical Properties of Biological Materials
Kuchařová, Monika ; Ďoubal, Stanislav (advisor) ; Hanuš, Josef (referee) ; Petrtýl, Miroslav (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of biophysics and physical chemistry Candidate: Mgr. Monika Kuchařová Supervisor: Prof. Ing. RNDr. Stanislav Ďoubal, CSc. Title of Doctoral Thesis: The methodology of measurement of biomechanical properties of biological materials As a part of this dissertation thesis a methodology of measurement of mechanical properties of viscoelastic materials was developed. The methodology was then verified and applied in measurement of shoulder-blades of pheasants and in measurement of the trabecular section of human caput femoris in bending and twisting stress, viscoelastic parameters of these materials were also calculated. Results, in the case of human bones, were compared with measurement of body mass density and content of vitamin D. Mechanical behaviour of many biological materials corresponds to the behaviour of so- called viscoelastic body. These materials cannot be categorized simply as solids or liquids. The mechanical behaviour of this type of materials has partially elastic and partially viscose character. Skin, cell walls, bones, numerous structures of internal organs and many other materials belong to this category. In spite of the fact that in physiological conditions biological materials are loaded dynamically, in...
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