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Vlastnosti a zdroje předměstského pozaďového atmosférického aerosolu v Praze
Schwarz, Jaroslav ; Havránek, Vladimír ; Maenhaut, W. ; Chi, X. ; Ždímal, Vladimír ; Hovorka, J. ; Smolík, Jiří
A comprehensive aerosol characterization was perfprmed for a 15-month period at Suchdol, a suburb in the NW of Prague. PM, mass concentrations, mass and number size distributions, PM10 chemical composition and the main factors influencing the PM10 concentrations were determined. The regional air pollution during low mixing periods was found to be the most important factor influencing the local levels of air pollution.
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Traffic Contribution to the Local Air Pollution
Smolík, Jiří ; Bízek, V. ; Schwarz, Jaroslav ; Ždímal, Vladimír ; Ondráček, Jakub ; Džumbová, Lucie ; Mašková, Ludmila
Particles emitted from the road transport represent one of the major aerosol source in the city environment. Due to the fact that increased aerosol concentrations are connected with higher morbidity and mortality, it is necessary to characterize and quantify these emissions in order to evaluate their effect on human health and environment. Road transport emissions include direct particle emissions from exhausts from attrition of brake lining, tires and roads and resuspended particles and indirect emissions in the form of secondary particles produced by chemical reactions of gaseous emissions.
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Heterogenní částice v parních turbínách: měření na elektrárně Prunéřov II a další vývoj měřicích metod
Hrubý, Jan ; Kolovratník, M. ; Ždímal, Vladimír ; Jiříček, I. ; Bartoš, O. ; Moravec, P.
The form in which various impurities and admixtures are transported in steam circuits of power plants is a missing piece of knowledge needed to fully understand the processes of liquid phase formation in the low-pressure stages of steam turbines and, consequently, to model these processes and suggest modifications of turbine operation and design. The existence of heterogeneous particles in the superheated steam has been proven by the present team using an original sampling device, enabling using standard aerosol instrumentation to characterize the heterogeneous particles in superheated steam. We report measurements at power plant Prunéřov II, where 5.6E9 particles per kilogram of dry steam was found. The Sauter diameter of the particles d32=30nm was determined. The mass balance indicates, that substantial part of the mass of impurities is contained in particles <3nm, the current detection limit. For this reason an expansion chamber is being developed with a goal of detecting particles down to 1nm.
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