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The issue of an offender's personality in criminology
Ďurčeková, Blanka ; Marešová, Alena (advisor) ; Scheinost, Miroslav (referee)
This thesis is concerned with question of offender's personality from the criminological point of view. In first few chapters I introduce some basic criminological theories and typologies and I tried to put together a general psychological profile of the offender. In the following part of thesis I deal with recidivist offenders, women delinquency and juvenile delinquency. In the last chapter I tried to analyze offenders in the Czech Republic, according to factors of age, gender and nationality, based on data from crime statistics.
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Structure and development of criminality in the Czech Republic
Novotná, Martina ; Marešová, Alena (advisor) ; Zoubková, Ivana (referee)
Structure and development of criminality in the Czech Republic - abstract (Key words: criminality, structure, development) This master's thesis deals with the structure and development of crime in the Czech Republic with an emphasis on the description of the current state of criminality and its distribution around the country. The main goal of this thesis is to map and describe the structure of criminality in the Czech Republic and its development in the last 20 years with the use of statistical data from the Czech Police and yearbooks of The Institute of Criminology and Social Prevention, a Czech research organization. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first part deals with the concept of criminality and the basic criminology terms, which are used to describe and research criminality, such as quantitative and qualitative indicators of criminality used to gain information about the current condition of criminality. References to the sources of criminality information are also an inseparable part of the first part of this thesis. The second part covers in detail the condition of crime between the years 2019 and 2020 and describes the most frequent and most significant crimes committed in the concerned period. It also contains the description of the legislative and socioeconomic changes that...
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The Issue of an Offender's Personality in Criminology
Pechová, Monika ; Marešová, Alena (advisor) ; Zoubková, Ivana (referee)
The Issue of an Offender's Personality in Criminology Abstract The major topic of my diploma thesis is the issue of an offender's personality in criminology. The aim of this thesis is to introduce the reader to the issue from criminological perspective, to make him familiar with various opinions on an offender's personality which have developed throughout the history, and to describe the phenomenon of juvenile delinquency and criminality against children and juveniles. The cardinal topic of the first part is scientific discipline criminology with its historical roots, distribution to particular subdisciplines, and relation to other criminal sciences. The second part provides a summary of main criminological schools and theories which have been formed since the beginning of criminological thinking and had different opinions on offender and his personality. The term criminal offender has various meanings from the view of substantive criminal law, procedural criminal law, and the view of criminology. These meanings are explained in the third part. The most important is the fourth part which deals with an offender's personality, relevant internal and external factors that are affecting human personality and the best-known typologies focused on offender's biological dispositions, psychological dispositions, and...
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Development and structure of crime in the Czech Republic
Kupčeková, Markéta ; Marešová, Alena (advisor) ; Zoubková, Ivana (referee)
Development and structure of crime in the Czech Republic Abstract The intended goal of the presented work is to present an overview of fundamental theoretical one sand practical knowledge of crime in the Czech Republic with the help of available sources (literature, professional articles, legislation and case law). In six parts, the work focuses mainly on the criminological and criminal interpretation of crime and its development in terms of publicly available data of statistical systems in the Czech Republic for the years 2016-2019. The first chapter deals with the concept of crime in the sociological and legal context, in addition to which other selected terms are defined. In the part of scientific disciplines, the chapter deals with the definition of the phenomenon of crime in criminology and criminal policy. The resources necessary for the investigation of crime can be found in the second chapter, the content of which is not only a set of resources, but also the method of their processing, evaluation and evaluation of the degree of objectivity. At the same time, knowledge about foreign sources is not left out. The knowledge of the state of crime is illuminated by the third chapter, which in its first part describes the basic qualitative and quantitative indicators that are used to know the already...
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The Issue of an Offender's Personality in Criminology
Poučenská, Dominika ; Marešová, Alena (advisor) ; Zoubková, Ivana (referee)
The Issue of an Offender's Personality in Criminology Abstract The aim of this master's thesis was to describe the issue of the offender's personality in criminology. The first part of the thesis deals with the definition of basic terms, criminological theories and the offender's personality from the perspective of general knowledge, and then from the perspective of forensic psychology. The second part deals with the issue of economic crimes, mainly defines the concept of economic crime, describes the Czech legal regulation of economic crimes, deals with the causes, prevention and specific characteristics of the economic crime offenders. In the third part of the thesis, I try to apply my acquired knowledge to a specific case of the economic crime offender. Since the offender's personality has a significant role to play in clarifying the causes of crime, many criminological theories have emerged over the course of history to clarify what causes criminal behavior. These theories focus on biological, psychological, sociological factors, etc. Each individual has a personality which is unique. Some elements of our personality can't be affected, e.g. temperament, other are created and changed during the course of our lives, e.g. elements that determine our character. The motivation behind every offense also plays...
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The Issue of an Offender's Personality in Criminology. Serial killers.
Adámková, Denisa ; Marešová, Alena (advisor) ; Zoubková, Ivana (referee)
The Issue of an Offender's Personality in Criminology Serial killers The cardinal topic of this diploma thesis is an analysis of an offender's personality and the major focus is given on serial killers. Although the serial killer's personality is the main topic of the thesis, a significant part deals with a criminological, forensic psychological and legal theory, involving the explanation of the relevant legal terms. This diploma thesis aims to provide the reader a comprehensive overview of serial killers. The main goal of the thesis is not only to offer probable profile of the serial killer, but to introduce Czech and foreign expert findings into the context with the Czech law and jurisprudence as well. Also, the thesis aims to help the reader to perceive differences among serial killers, mass killers and spree killers, as these multiple killers are often confused. I present some real cases for better illustration of the issue. From the huge amount of serial killers, I have chosen the most interesting or the most recent ones. In the first chapter I explain the term offender. I distinguish the legal and criminological point of view. The cardinal topic of the second chapter is the offender's personality. The first part of this chapter is focused psychologically, nevertheless in the introduction I...
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Development and Structure of Juvenile Crime in the Czech Republic
Marešová, Tereza ; Marešová, Alena (advisor) ; Zoubková, Ivana (referee)
The main content of the thesis is development and structure of juvenile delinquency in the Czech Republic between years 2007 and 2017, focusing on current trends and problematic aspects in this area, on prevention, alternative measures and approaches in criminal proceedings and on recidivism of youth offenders. The premise of the paper is that educational and therapeutic measures should be more used in criminal procedure in juvenile court. The first part of the thesis defines the basic terms used by the author in his analysis, brief historical development of the juvenile justice system as an independent institute and the characteristics and causes of juvenile delinquency, which have their specifics. The main part of the thesis is dedicated to the analysis of development and structure of juvenile delinquency in the years 2007 to 2017. In this part, the author also deals with the imposed sanctions and the structure of crime in 2017 and analyzes the percentage decline of property crime and other current trends that affect structure and tendencies of delinquency. These trends include, in particular, the access of young people to the Internet from an early age and spending time on social networks, which pose some risks in terms of crime. The main part of the thesis also focuses on the issue of...
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Structure and development of criminality in the Czech Republic
Přibylová, Karolína ; Marešová, Alena (advisor) ; Zoubková, Ivana (referee)
Structure and development of criminality in the Czech Republic In my thesis I dealt with the analysis of the development and structure of crime in the Czech Republic in the years 2007 - 2017. Most of the data I used comes from static surveys of a crime of the Police of the Czech Republic. In the period under review, information about the decline in registered crimes occurred every year. Verifying these claims was one of the main goals of my work. The thesis is divided into five chapters, the first one explains the basic terms that the reader will encounter in the text. The following is a brief historical excursion to post- revolutionary years, which briefly describes the development and structure of registered crime after 1989. The third chapter analyzes the data for 2017 concerning both the structure and intensity of selected types of crime according to the tactical- statistical classification of the Police of the Czech Republic. A similar procedure is used in the fourth chapter, where the method of compression of the structure and intensity of registered crime in 2007 - 2017 is also used. There is a description of the development of the crime detection rate and the thesis also contains a subchapter devoted to offenders in the period under review. The result is the final chapter, which outlines...
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Property Criminality and its Prevention
Rytina, Marek ; Zoubková, Ivana (advisor) ; Marešová, Alena (referee)
Property criminality and its prevention Bicycle theft in the context of general property criminality Abstract Property criminality is a very serious social pathological phenomenon. In the long run, it accounts for the largest share of total crime by far. Property offenses are the most numerous and also represent the largest amount of police work. Bicycle theft is a common property offense. This diploma thesis deals with both of these phenomena, considering the thefts of bicycles in the context of general property crime. Both phenomena are defined and evaluated in terms of statistical indicators. Here it mainly examines the state and dynamics of both phenomena. In the area of bicycle theft, there are additionally evaluated other statistical data such as theft detection, data on prosecuted persons and the proportion of repeat offenders in committing this type of offense. Subsequently, the causes of property crime are investigated and the causes of bicycle theft are evaluated. The socio-historical context is outlined and then the motives of the perpetrators to commit property offenses and specifically theft of bicycles are analyzed. Much of this thesis is aimed to criminal prevention. Firstly, the thesis describes the theoretical bases, which divide crime prevention in terms of content into social, situational...
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The Issue of an Offender's Personality in Criminology
Jansová, Agáta ; Marešová, Alena (advisor) ; Zoubková, Ivana (referee)
Topic of this thesis is The Issue of an Offender's personality. The main purpose of this thesis is introduction of criminology terms and theories. Furthermore, the thesis deals with the personality of the offender and with risk factors, which may have impact on criminal behaviour. The end of this thesis is devoted to violent criminality and murders. First chapter describes essential terms of this thesis like subject and aims of criminology, offender in criminal law and criminology and human personality in general. Most of the criminological theories try to deals with personality of the offender. They study personality of the offender and risk factors from different views, especially with help from biology, psychology, sociology or all of them. Most of these theories try to find a difference between offenders and non-deviant persons. The third chapter of this thesis is very important because it deals with personality of the offender and particular risk factors which may cause behaviour disorders or criminal behaviour. Knowledge about offender is helpful for investigation of the crime or criminal policy. In last chapters are described violent crimes, murders and their offenders. It is hard to describe general personality of murderer, because these offenders have a different motivation to commit this...
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