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Problems of plastics and microplastics in FTIR analysis of soils
 Stanislavová, Veronika ; Kučerík, Jiří (referee) ; Doležalová Weissmannová, Helena (advisor)
Microplastics are formed as the result of the fragmentation of plastics. The microparticles are easier to distribute and thus can contaminate the environment. Recently, there has been an increasing interest in the research of microplastics present in the soil system, using different methodologies. The focus of this thesis is the analysis of microplastics in soil using infrared spectroscopy – ATR (attenuated total reflectance) and DRIFT (diffuse reflectance) techniques. This work aimed to evaluate the suitability of the method for the identification of microplastics in soils. Polymers such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) and polylactic acid (PLA) were used. In the first part of experimental analysis were microplastics mixed in different concentrations with 3 different types of model soils. The obtained infrared spectra of samples of mixtures (model soil and plastics) were used for statistical evaluation. The second part of the measurement was focused on the monitoring of changes in the spectra of real soils spiked with PET, after exposure to the degradation. After the interpretation of infrared spectra of samples of plastics with real and model soil, it was possible to confirm the presence of the functional groups of each polymer. Based on the measurements, the used techniques were evaluated as inappropriate for the qualitative determination of PLA. The results of the experimental part confirm the accuracy of FTIR (both ATR and DRIFT) for the analysis of microplastics in soil for samples containing PET and PHB.
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