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Steam turbine for biomass power plant
Chumchal, Ondřej ; Fiedler, Jan (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
This thesis deals with the design of a steam turbine for a biomass unit in two alternative solutions, with and without gearbox, for a given 30 MW clamp power. The design of both solutions works with the same heat cycle scheme, but the parameters at the low-pressure heater or at the inlet to the feed tank differ depending on the steam conditions in the turbine intakes. In the first part of the paper, a thermal balance scheme with low pressure regeneration is proposed and the steam flow through the turbine is calculated. Both variants have three unregulated bleeds, one of which is led to the degasification feed tank. For both variants a regulative stage is designed using impulse system of blading and a stage section using reactive blading. The work also includes the determination of axial force and the associated design of the balancing piston and gland steam system. Appropriate bearings were selected for the given force stresses. A graphical comparison of the two variants is presented in the paper, together with the operating characteristics. Finally, a conceptual section drawing of the steam turbine was made. The result is a turbine without gearbox with 36 stages and an efficiency of 82%, then with gearbox at 5400 min-1 with 27 stages and a thermodynamic efficiency of 86.7%.
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