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Nursing care for paediatric patient after orthopaedical surgeries
WEISSOVÁ, Eva
Abstract Current situation Current range of orthopaedics is not only surgery of musculoskeletal system, but it also deals with diagnostics of congenital defects, injuries, illnesses, metabolism disorders and their after-effects on musculoskeletal system. A paediatric nurse plays a key role in taking care of a paediatric patient after an orthopaedical surgery. She helps children to overcome an unpleasant situation and tries to minimize physical and psychological complications. Cooperation with child's family is essential. Child's pain, suffering and fear can be moderated by proper nursing care. Aim of the work We determined three aims in this diploma thesis. The first aim was to map children awareness before orthopaedical surgeries and during hospitalization. The second aim was to analyse satisfaction of parents during hospitalization. The third aim was to assess the importance of psychological pre-surgery preparation of children and hospitalization of parents in overall perception of child's hospitalization. Methodology A quantitative research by means of a paper and electronical survey was used for the empirical part. The research group was made up of 104 respondents, it means 52 parents and 52 children. Those were parents and children from two selected hospitals and from general public. The surveys were processed statistically afterwards. A descriptive analysis of all the questions was used and four determined hypotheses were tested. Results It was found out that most of the children felt sufficiently informed before and during the hospitalization. It could be claimed that better awareness of a nurse means better feeling of child's sufficient awareness. Furthermore, we found out from the results that most of the parents were sufficiently informed by the nurse and that their overall satisfaction depends on children awareness provided by the nurse. Based on results, nurse education in the area of children care and manipulation with children during hospitalization is very important and leads to satisfaction of both children and parents. Based on other results, a child's hospitalization with a parent is very important because 97% of children said that they were calmer because of the presence of a parent. We can claim this about parents as well, because the presence of a parent is perceived by parents themselves as a very important factor improving the perception of a stay at a hospital. Hospitalization of a parent with a child depends on the age of the child, in which case a child at the age of 5 and less was always hospitalized with a parent. Moreover, it was found that compared to the presence of a parent, parents claim the psychological preparation (talking in form of play or with the help of a therapist) has slightly more important point. That was confirmed by the children as well. We can obviously see from the response that they stand the hospitalization better if they are prepared for the surgery. Conclusion The research has shown that most of the children felt informed enough during the hospitalization and before the surgery. I find the psychological preparation of children for a surgery very important. That was also confirmed both by the children and parents, who consider the psychological preparation to be one of the most important factors. The hospitalization of a parent with a child depends on the age of the children. We trust that this work could serve as a study material for paediatric nurses working at corresponding postoperative departments, besides other things as a study material for students of medical subjects. This diploma thesis can describe given illness or the care of a child after an orthopaedic surgery to both parents and children.
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