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Effect of triazole fungicides on soil properties
Račko, Ján ; Ryšlavá, Helena (advisor) ; Smrček, Stanislav (referee)
Plant protection still depends on the use of pesticides, often in mixtures that pose a potential threat to non-target organisms. Triazole fungicides (tebuconazole, penconazole and others) are widely used in agriculture against fungal pathogens, but they can affect both the metabolism of the plants themselves and the composition of soil organisms. Biochemical indicators of soil health and quality include the content of microorganisms and the activity of glycosidase, protease and dehydrogenase enzymes. In this work, it was investigated how the application of penconazole and tebuconazole and their combination by watering the soil and spraying on the leaves of edible tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L., cv. Cherrola) affects the activities of enzymes involved in carbon and phosphorus metabolism. Endoglycosidases involved in the degradation of plant and fungal cell walls (cellulases, chitinases) were found to have reduced activities in the soil contaminated with triazoles, while the activity of endo-β-1,3-glycanase was increased in the sPT group. The activity of exoglycosidases (β-glucosidases, β-hexosaminidases, β-galactosidases and α-mannosidases) in the soil was increased. The activity of these enzymes was also determined in the roots of tomato plants, from which enzymes can be secreted into the soil....
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