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The evaluation of biotopes by the BVM method in the selected territory of the Protected Landscape Area of Šumava focused on forest ecosystems
KOUKOLOVÁ, Marie
Šumava forests are recently undergoing changes. These changes in forest ecosystems are partially caused by a spruce bark beetle (what is recently regarded as a bark beetle outbreak). Also the growing migration of the human population has increased the changes in forest ecosystems. Due to the influence of the human population some natural biotopes are slowly changing to more anthropic biotopes. The main objective of my thesis was to create the map of biotopes and to carry out their individual assessment and evaluation.. This map was created using the more detailed combined mapping Natura 2000-BVM (ratio scale 1:10 000) and compared with less detailed mapping Corine Land Cover (ratio scale approximately 1:10 000). Finally, the forest conditions were evaluated in terms of its naturalness and quality of the forest canopy. Data processing and analysis of results were carried out in ArcGIS. Maps of biotopes, created by the combined method Natura 2000-BVM, with and without application of the individual assessment are the main output of this study. The higher value (of 1,7 points/m2) was found in the map without the usage of the individual assessment. Accordingly, financial value was higher by 25,1 Kč/m2 without the application of the individual assessment. Using the Corine Land Cover mapping, the lower values were found, compared to the combined method Natura 2000-BVM, using both valuation approaches (with and without an individual assessment). In the conclusion of the thesis the forest conditions were evaluated. The biotope L5.4 Acidophylic beechwood was found to be the most vulnerable to the loss of natural biotope character. The results of the thesis contributed to the problems with the evaluation of the biodiversity at the landscape scale, even from financial point of view. The comparison of Natura 2000-BVM and Corine Land Cover allows us to select a more appropriate cartographic underlay for the mapping of specific biotopes in the landscape. The evaluation of the forest conditions in study area could be another one contribution for understanding the dynamics of the Šumava forest ecosystems.
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