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Use of the modern separation techniques for the analysis of insect pheromones
Žáček, Petr
(EN) Communication mediated by chemical compounds (semiochemicals) is the most important way of information transfer in insects, especially in the social species. Gas chromatographic methods (one-dimensional, two-dimensional comprehensive, and preparative arrangement) coupled with mass spectrometric and/or electroantennographic detector were used for volatile or semivolatile semiochemicals analysis in various insect species. In this Thesis, biosynthesis of the bumblebee male sex pheromone in species Bombus terrestris, B. lucorum, and B. lapidarius was studied using putative biosynthetic precursors (sodium acetate, fatty acids) labeled with 2 H and 14 C. For the purpose of labeled volatile metabolites analysis, a method of separation and detection of isotopically labeled compounds in two-dimensional comprehensive gas chromatography was studied (2 H, 13 C). An "inverse isotope effects" was confirmed for compounds labeled with both isotopes in all examined types of columns. Concerning the biological samples, analysis of in vitro incubated tissues with labeled sodium acetate showed that pheromone components are synthesized de novo in the labial gland in B. terrestris and B. lucorum. Nevertheless, experiments of in vivo incubation of deuterated fatty acids confirmed biotransformation of the precursors...
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