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Chrysippus and Augustine on suicide
Golatová, Hana ; Chavalka, Jakub (advisor) ; Šenovský, Jakub (referee)
The thesis deals with suicide and topics related to it in the concept of Chrysippus of Soloi and St. Augustine. Despite the differences in their conclusions, both discuss this phenomenon in connection withdissatisfaction with life. They are based on the assumption of the initial inadequacy of human nature and the possibility of attaining happiness through its perfection. Chrysippus believes that under certain conditions suicide can become a reasonable act. The development of rationality allows one to see events from a universal perspective and to free oneself from dependence on external objects that produce passions including adherence to life. The decision to voluntarily end one's life is based on an insight into the course of nature and what is natural to man. Thanks to this knowledge, suicide becomes a virtuous act and a manifestation of harmony with nature. For Augustine, on the other hand, suicide isan expression of human weakness, an inability to cope with the miseries of life and a cowardly escape from suffering. However, he considers suffering to be an integral part of life, hiding in itself the possibility of moral remedy. Suicide manifests human egoism, which is the cause of the original sin, the degradation of the human nature and an barrier on the road to happiness and salvation.
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