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Nutrition problems of pregnant women
RŮTHOVÁ, Kateřina
As a topic of my Bachelor thesis I have chosen " Nutrition problems of pregnant women". Pregnancy is extremely demanding for the women's organism. Rational nutrition of the pregnant woman is fundamental for the process of giving birth to a baby, health of the new born baby and of course the health of the mother herself. The woman should follow regular eating regime during the day. The daily food menu should be wide and rich in intake of needed nutrients. Being well informed about the issues of nutrition during pregnancy is vital for every pregnant woman. My thesis is divided into two parts. In the theory part I have described the specifics of being pregnant, the importance of nutrition before giving birth, significance of nutrients in daily food intake and drink regime. It is very important to increase the intake of some important nutrients already in the period before getting pregnant (as well called preconception period). Since 3 months before planned conception it is recommended to increase the intake of folic acid. During pregnancy the organism is consuming more vitamins, minerals and micro elements. In the operative part of my thesis I have chosen the method of qualitative research. The main aim was to research the issues of the pregnant women nutrition in the Strakonice region. As a part of this survey women were asked the following questions: 1. What are the nutrition differences before and during pregnancy? 2. How does nutrition of pregnant women correspond with nutrition recommendations for the time of pregnancy? 3. What is the knowledge level of pregnant women about the influence of individual food elements to the women's organism? The data collection was based on a structural interview. For this survey data of 17 pregnant ladies from the Strakonice district have been used, who were approx. 7-9 months pregnant. The age group of the women varies from 21 39 years old. The main topics of the interview were contraception, pregnancy, nutrition advice, level of knowledge about food and demographical factors. From the gathered data 3 categories were created: eating habits, nutrition recommendations during pregnancy and awareness about food. The categories that you create include a subcategory and then the responses of the respondents were created codes. From the outcome of the survey it has been found out that the majority of interviewed women haven't changed the food intake during pregnancy. Small part of interviewed women has amended a little the food intake because of pregnancy sickness, increased hunger or appetite changes. All respondents claimed that they were not following the nutrition recommendation during the pregnancy, however they have adhered the relevant intake of fruit and vegetables, dairy products and other food which is relevant to the nutrition advice. The main aim of respondents was to keep wide and balanced menu with low fat intake and fried food, avoid bad and rotten food, sweet meals and sweet fizzy drinks. The drink regime is sufficient for all interviewees and they have usually good information knowledge about the influence of individual food elements onto the organism. Good awareness has as well been found out for fruit and vegetables, dairy products and fish. Most of the respondents removed alcohol and coffee completely and got rid of raw meat and mouldy cheese from their menu as well. In the discussion all the collected data has been evaluated and compared with other data and authors that has been focusing on the same issues. At the end of the discussion the survey questions were evaluated. All the data related to individual survey questions were summarized at the conclusion of the thesis.
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