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Microorganisms as the primary producers in photosynthesis-independent ecosystems
Burkartová, Kateřina ; Falteisek, Lukáš (advisor) ; Lhotský, Josef (referee)
Chemolithotrophy and photoautotrophy are the two basic principles of primary production on Earth. This thesis focuses on the relation between chemolithotrophic and oxygen-productive photosynthetic microorganisms in a global dimension. There are high atmospheric oxygen concentration, high sulfate in seawater and other oxidants because of oxygen-productive photosynthesis. These compounds are commonly consumed by chemolithotrophs to oxidize reduced inorganic compounds. It is a question, if there are chemoautotrophic ecosystems profiting only from abiotically derived substrates. It is essential to combine geochemical and metagenomic approaches in order to enhance both establishing of the origin of substrates and assessing the metabolism which utilizes them in the tested ecosystem respectively. Two well established types of photosynthetic independent ecosystems that use serpentinization hydrothermal venting and radiolysis of water as a source of energy are known at present time. The absence of photosynthesis-derived final electron acceptors for chemolithotrophy and the proper spatial separation from areas where photosynthetically derived organic matter and oxidants are present can be a useful clue for this investigation. The goal of this thesis is to describe geological processes which provide not only...

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