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Study of the structure of 14-3-3:phosducin complex
Kacířová, Miroslava ; Obšil, Tomáš (advisor) ; Teisinger, Jan (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is a biophysical characterization of the protein complex that consists of two regulatory proteins, the phosducin (Pd) and the 14-3-3 protein. These proteins are involved in the regulation of a signal cascade in vertebrate eye's retina. Pd is a 33kDa protein located in photoreceptor cells in retina, but it has been found in other tissues as well. In retina, phosducin affects transfer of light signaling from eye to brain, by binding Gtβγ subunit of transducin that is the main part of G-protein signaling. In light-adapted retina, unphosphorylated phosducin down-regulates the light response by binding to Gtβγ. This process is important for protecting retina in eyes in response to very intense light. It has also been found that phosducin affects hypertension. Phosducin reduces blood pressure of human and mice, especially during sleep. The function of phosducin is regulated in dark-adapted retina by 14-3-3. 14-3-3 is a 28kDa protein that has been found in many eukaryotic tissues, e.g. brain, and is involved in many processes, e.g. apoptosis. The 14-3-3 protein binds phosphorylated Pd and keeps him in a rod inner segment. For 14-3-3 to Pd binding, two sites on Pd must be phosphorylated, Ser54 and Ser73. This interaction, hinders Pd binding to Gtβγ, and hence enables the...
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