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The influence of Biochar Cultivation in Soil on its Physicochemical Characteristics
Hladký, David ; Sovová, Šárka (referee) ; Kalina, Michal (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the effect of soil factors on the physical-chemical characteristics of biochar. It describes the change in biochar after a long-term cultivation experiment, as well as, sequential leaching that was implemented on a shorter time scale. The theoretical part describes individual physical-chemical characteristics, structure, possible applications and optimal methods of biochar characterization. In the thesis, we have learnt why biochar is called a soil conditioner, not a fertilizer. The experimental part deals with the study of changes in the physicochemical characteristics of biochar after the cultivation experiment. These results are compared with the sequential leaching of biochar in selected media (water, citric acid, hydrogen peroxide) that simulate the effects that can act on biochar in soil. The experimental results show the similarity of individual observed values of the samples after the long-term cultivation experiment and sequential extractions. It can be seen that the alkaline nature of biochar is caused by salts of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal. Mostly due to the presence of potassium in the biochar structure and then also the presence of calcium and sodium. These ions are also the explanation of the high conductivity, which together with pH, decreases significantly after five leaching cycles, and stabilize after a two-year cultivation period. All biochars samples used in the work have a high content of organic matter, which is a optimal prerequisite for the use in agriculture and the improvement of soil properties.
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Vliv aditiv na kvalitu siláží vyrobených z biomasy leguminóz
Peichl, Josef
The aim of this work was the evaluation of experimental silages of alfalfa cress and samples of red clover silages. The first mowings were evaluated, which took place at the turn of May and June. Experimental silages and samples were analysed for infusion and nutrient indicators. The nutrient content in experimental silages of alfalfa cress ranged: 300 – 319 g/kg, crude protein 304 – 319 g/kg of dry weight, fibre 308 – 329 g/kg of dry weight, and the values for infusions were: lactic acid 1,88 – 2,61 %, acetic acid 0,68 – 1,40 % and pH 4,48 – 5,04. Experimental silages of alfalfa cress were evaluated as very high quality. For samples taken from silages of red clover, the nutrient content was: dry weight 229 – 388 g/kg, crude protein 139 – 225 g/kg of dry weight, fibre 195 – 278 g/kg and the values for infusions were: lactic acid 1,87 – 3,45 %, acetic acid 0,57 – 1,30 % and pH 4,21 – 4,71. Red clover silages taken from two farms were rated as very high quality, except the sample in which the content contained low dry weight. Silages with low dry weight represent a risk factor during silaging.
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