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Přestup rtuti z kontaminovaných lesních půd do mycelia hub
Hrachovinová, Jana
Bachelor thesis deals with the transfer of mercury from contaminated forest soils to mycelium mushroom. The theoretical part is devoted to the brief characteristics of mercury, as well as basic information about the history of mercury, the forms of mercury and, above all, its toxicity. The theoretical part also describes the two species of fungi of which mycelium has been used for monitoring mercury accumulation, namely Armillaria cepistipes and Pleurotus ostreatus. In addition to this basic information, brief information on the Poison mountain is mentioned in the work, from where all mercury contaminated soil samples were taken. Practical part of the thesis is split into part dealing with cultivation of mycelium of mushrooms and their collection, retention and analysis of mercury in samples, which was performed using atomic absorption spectrometry on the unit AMA 254. Control forest soil contained 0.122 ± 0.011 mg/kg Hg, contaminated forest soil of 1S contained 22.428 ± 2.297 mg/kg Hg, the soil 2S contained 105.893 ± 4.577 mg/kg Hg and the soil 5S contained 12.954 ± 0.912 mg/kg Hg. The mercury content of contaminated forest soils was statistically significantly higher compared to the controls. Higher mercury content of statistical significance was found in the mycelia Pleurotus ostreatus only in case the cultivation of highly contaminated soils (soil 1S and 2S). In case of mycelium cultivation in less contaminated soils (soil 5S and control soil), there was a statistically significant difference in the content of mercury in accumulated mycelia Pleurotus ostreatus and Armillaria cepistipes. The concentration of mercury in both mycelia tested grew linearly with a growing concentration of mercury in contaminated forest soils throughout the period of reference. According to the identified bioconcentration factors, which ranged from 0.13 – 0.41 for mycelium Armillaria cepistipes and for mycelium Pleurotus ostreatus in the range of 0.16 – 0.56, mycelium Armillaria cepistipes and Pleurotus ostreatus rank to the category of medium mercury accumulators.
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