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Prevention of complications arising during stoma from the nursing point of view.
ŠMEJKALOVÁ, Alžběta
This bachelor thesis explores nurses' perspective on the prevention of complications arising during a stoma. A stoma is a temporary or permanent opening of a hollow organ on the surface of the body. The condition of stoma complications can be prevented by a correct and early treatment of it. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to determine the specifics that allow nurses to prevent any complications arising from stoma. To address this aim, the following research questions were formulated: How do nurses educate patients with a stoma? What care options currently exist for a patient with stoma complications? The research sample consisted of ten nurses. Four of those nurses had completed a course or training on stoma care. Qualitative research was chosen for the implementation of the empirical part. To collect data for this research, a number of semi-structured interviews were conducted with both general and stoma care nurses. The interviews were transcribed verbatim, and the obtained information was then coded and categorised. The research took place in March 2021. The results of this bachelor thesis are divided into eight individual categories: education of nurses, types of stoma, stoma dressing, stoma aids, stoma complications, education of patients with stoma, organisations cooperating with stoma patients, and disadvantages of people with stoma. The results that emerged from the interviews with the nurses showed that they regularly treat stomas and have limited knowledge on how to educate patients about stoma and how to prevent stoma complications. The research revealed that the nurses were aware of the key elements of stoma education and regularly educated their patients. Furthermore, the data also showed that they actively tried to overcome stoma complications. If any stoma complication occurred, the nurses consulted the relevant professionals. The findings of this research can be used as study materials for students of medical major and medical staff.
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