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Biodiverzita myxozoí v přehradní nádrži Římov zjištěná analýzou environmentální DNA
BÜRGEROVÁ, Monika
Myxozoans represent a diverse group of microscopic endoparasites primarily infecting fish, including over 2,600 nominal species. Despite the extensive number of described species, their diversity remains still unexplored and underestimated. The detection and surveillance of myxozoan parasites in previously unexamined areas can reveal crucial pathogens linked to fish mortality and discover myxozoans biodiversity. This thesis investigates the parasite diversity in the Římov Reservoir, focusing on myxozoan detection through environmental DNA (eDNA). A comparison of detected diversity at various sites and in different environmental samples across the Římov Reservoir unveiled interesting patterns of read abundance and number of OTUs within each myxozoan clade. This study underscores the importance of eDNA analysis in detecting pathogens and assessing biodiversity in myxozoan parasites.
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Health education in teaching of biology at primary schools
GALÍKOVÁ, Tereza
The final paper sets four teaching texts, topics of which are Mushrooms with fruiting bodies (Consumable and poisonous mushrooms), Vegetable drugs, Parasites and HIV/AIDS. Moreover, it suggests teaching activities such as games, which are supposed to strenghten the pupils´ newly gained knowledge using an enjoyable aproach. The theoretical part of the paper contains analyses of biology textbooks and methodology rules charecteristics, including a thorough methodological analysis of topical unit Mushrooms with fruiting bodies, Vegetable drugs, Parasites and HIV/AIDS in fourteen Czech biology textbooks for primary schools. The supplement contains proposed aide samples presented in photographs and pictures, a handbook for mushroom, vegetable drugs and parasite recognition.
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Mikrobiální kontaminace baleného masa
Cholastová, Kateřina
A description of packaged meat microflora is provided in this bachelor thesis. It deals with the chemical composition of meat and the factors influencing the growth of microorganisms. Main topic is the characterization of microorganisms causing spoilage of packaged meat and microorganisms causing formation of foodborne illnesses. Methods of fighting against undesirable microorganisms are also included. The thesis contains packaging types characterization, options in the packing of meat, packaging requirements, and shortcomings during the packing. The experimental part is focused on determining the most important microorganisms' groups appearing in samples of differently packaged meat.
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Prolyl endopeptidase of the blood fluke Schistosoma mansoni
Fajtová, Pavla ; Konvalinka, Jan (advisor) ; Ryšlavá, Helena (referee)
Prolyl endopeptidase SmPEP from the blood fluke Schistosoma mansoni is investigated here for the first time. This enzyme is potentially interesting as a drug target for the treatment of schistosomiasis. SmPEP was detected in the extract of adult worms by enzyme activity and immunoreactivity. Enzymatically active SmPEP was produced in the E. coli expression system and was chromatographically purified. The pH optimum of recombinant SmPEP was about 8. Substrate specificity analysis revealed that SmPEP cleaved peptide substrates by endopeptidase activity, however, macromolecular substrates were not fragmented. The residue preferences in the positions P3 to P1' were determined using synthetic fluorogenic peptide substrates. SmPEP was found to be highly sensitive to the inhibition by Z-Ala-Pro-CMK and Z-Arg-Pro-CHO. Primary screening of crystallization conditions for recombinant SmPEP was performed. " (In Czech)"
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Survey of parasitoses in beef cattle from two geographical areas of the Czech Republic
Kubelka, Lukáš ; Lukešová, Daniela (advisor) ; Vadlejch, Jaroslav (referee)
Research in this diploma thesis was focused on monitoring of the beef cattle parasites and periodically was done from April 2015 to November 2015 on three different farms in two different regions (Vysočina and Středočeský region) in the Czech Republic. 20 samples of fresh faeces were collected every month from each farm during morning. Processing and consequent evaluation of samples took place in parasitology laboratory at State Veterinary Institute in Jihlava. Samples were evaluated using a relatively new coprological technique FLOTAC, developed in Italy and recommended for parasitological qualitative and quantitative analysis of large farm animal eggs and oocysts. For each farm two pooled samples (10 g each) by subtracting 1 g of faeces from individual samples were used. Results were evaluated and statistically analysed by statistical software Statistica 13. There was occurrence of eggs of gastrointestinal nematodes (family Trichostrongylidae), tapeworms (Moniezia spp.) and oocysts of coccidia (Eimeria spp.) on all of the farms. Only on the farm 3 there was also occurrence of fluke eggs (Paramphistomum spp.). From the results it was evident, that farms that administered anthelmintic to livestock had significantly lower amounts of EPG/OPG in animal faeces. Despite of using pooled samples, method proved to be reliable and sensitive for monitoring of developing stages of livestock parasites. Even low amount of eggs or oocysts in animal faeces were detected by coprological technique FLOTAC.
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THE OCCURRENCE AND THE SEASOAL DYNAMIC OF THE INTESTINA PARAZITE BY HORSES AT THE FAMILY FARM.
MAREŠOVÁ, Romana
In total there have been 281 samples of horse´s excrement taken up at a family farm in South Bohemia in Tábor region. The samples were taken up in the periods of: winter 2005, spring 2005, fall 2005, winter 2006, spring 2006 and fall 2006. To examine the presence of the parasites in the excrements the flotation-concentration method (Sheather sugar solution) was used with consequential microscopic examination with magnification of 200-400 ´. The infections caused by Strongylides, Strongyloides westeri and Parascaris equorum were found in the samples. The most common infection represented in the samples of the breed was the infection caused by Strongylides (40,2 %). A lower rate of presence was determined at infections caused by Strongyloides westeri (9,3 %) and by Parascaris equorum (7,5 %). The greatest occurrence of parasites was diagnosed in spring 2005, on the other hand the lowest occurrence was noted in winter 2005. The most of the positive samples had a solid consistence of excrement and in the most cases there was a low infection determined at all kinds of parasites found.
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