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Vliv pratotechniky na druhovou diverzitu a kvalitu polopřirozeného travního porostu
Vaňorková, Veronika
Grasslands represent a significant part (22 %) of the agricultural land fund in the Czech Republic. Grasslands are primarily responsible for production and non-production functions. They have wide ranges of enlargement and are therefore considered to be one of the richest sources of diversity. Variety of non-productive functions, such as anti-erosion or aesthetic function, are associated with species diversity. For the maintenance of grassland, it is essentials to breed, which consists mainly in mowing and fertilizing. The aim of this diploma thesis was to assess the influence of fertilization intensity (non-fertilized, PK, N90+PK and N180+PK) and different intensity of utilization (two- and free-leaf vegetation) on the species diversity and quality of semi-natural grass on the experimental area of Kameničky in years 2016 and 2017. The percentage of agrobotanic groups was influenced mainly by the intensity of fertilization. The ratio of grasses increased with higher fertilizer intensity, but the impact of fertilization on herbs was opposite. PK fertilization appeared to be positive for the representation of clover. A higher number of cuts appeared to be positive for clover and other herbs. The number of species was highest (P < 0,05) in the non-fertilized variant and PK variant. This also coincides with the diversity index, which showed the highest (P < 0,05) values also on these variants. Three-way use appeared to be positive for higher values of diversity indices. Equivalence reached the highest values on the N90+PK variants where more balanced stands were. The production of forage dry matter and the quality of grassland increased along with the intensity of fertilization. Higher intensity of use was seen as a positive impal on average forage solids production.
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Vliv vápnění na druhovou skladbu a výnosy polopřirozeného travního porostu
Sláma, Miloš
Between 2014 and 2015 was monitored the influence of liming and N fertilization on dry matter yield, floristic composition, species diversity and quality semi-natural grassland at the experimental flat Kameničky. The experimental plots were arranged in four repetitions and divided into not limed and limed blocks. For the purposes used liming ground dolomitic limestone. Nitrogen in the form of urea was applied at doses N0, N50, N100. Species composition affected all indicators monitored permanent grassland, while also have an influence on yield formation. Nitrogen fertilization without other nutrients to the experimental flat Kameničky did not manifest into higher yields, higher species diversity and quality of the grassland. N fertilization increased portion of more valuable grasses at the expense of other herbal, but put down (P<0.05) representation intergeneric hybrid Festulolium pabulare. Liming had an impact of plant species which have been adapted to the acidic environment and also not increased yields. In species composition increased (P<0.05) representation Festuca rubra L., Agrostis spp. that have low requirements on nutrients and there were no (P<0.05) Alopecurus pratensis L. and Ranunculus repens L. Liming not caused higher diversity and not caused the quality of grassland.
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Vliv minerálního hnojení na výnosy a kvalitu polopřirozeného travního porostu
Štros, Michal
This diploma thesis is focused on research of fertilization effect and the intensity of use on species composition of permanent grassland in the habitat of Kameničky. Factors which were evaluated are these: fertilization intensity (unfertilized, PK, 90N+PK and 180N+PK) and the intensity of use (double-cutting and triple-cutting grassland). The evaluation was carried out in 2013 and 2014. The results show that in grasslands fertilized with nitrogenous fertilizers the proportion of grass increases (P < 0,05) and the proportion of herbs decreases (P < 0,05) in comparison with unfertilized grasslands. At the same time dry forage yield increases (P < 0,05). Grasslands with high production of quality forage, however species-poor are the result of increasing nutrients dose. Unfertilized grassland are species-rich but with the low value of quality grasslands. Double-cutting grasslands had higher average yields than triple-cutting grasslands. However, triple-cutting grasslands had higher values of Hill's diversity index than double-cutting.
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Vliv hnojení na druhovou skladbu a kvalitu travního porostu
Hloucalová, Pavlína
The aim of this thesis was to assess the impact of different intensities of fertilization on species composition and grassland quality on the experimental area Kameničky in 2009-2013. The evaluated factors, the intensity of fertilization in the degree of unfertilized, PK, N90+PK and N180+PK. Fertilized grassland do not always have high species diversity. The highest and during these years of balanced species diversity was assessed in grassland fertilization PK, while the lowest in the stands fertilized N90+PK. The proportion of grasses fertilized with than most increased (P<0,05) in the variant N90+PK (60,3%) at the expense of other herbs (33,7%). Development of legumes in the stand shown (P<0,05) increased fertilizer PK (14,8%). The quality of the grassland was lowest in unfertilized variants (24,76), nitrogen fertilization increases its value (61,67).
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