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Epigenetické reprogramování u rostlin a živočichů
 Tomanová, Markéta
Organisms have to cope almost daily with the activity of transposable elements which can cause negative effects in them thanks to their ability of transposition. The activity of transposons is regulated in normal conditions. From the point of view of their potential harmful activity, the most critical phase is the period of gametes formation and embryogenesis when the process called epigenetic reprogramming occures. It means that the epigenetic information (especially DNA mehylation) is deleted and than re-estabilished which is the esential process for cell diferentiation and tissue formation. During mentioned process of epigenetic reprogramming transposable elements become active which is the reason why this phase of the development is labeled as critical. This happenes especially in critical phases of their development. This work is focused to DNA methylation in transposons which was probably evolved as a sort of defense against their possible harmful effects. Processes wchich occure in reproductive cells are also described. Every mentioned processes are different in plant and animal cells. However, they are similar in some aspects. These are also the subject of this work.
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