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Srovnání produkčních parametrů kukuřice a čiroku pro energetické využití
Horký, Jiří
This thesis focuses on two different kinds of crops, corn and sorghum, and deals with their application for energy purposes. The first part consists of botanical classification and a description of morphology of both crops, their classification into subspecies and agrotechnical procedures used in their production. The second part concisely deals with biogas, the history of its usage, the principle behind its creation and usage, technological lines for biogas production and the yield of biogas production when using corn and sorghum substrate. The third part gives a description of cultivation economy of these crops. The conclusion then links the findings of all the parts and deduces the economic aspects of the production of each crop.
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Vybrané ekonomické aspekty pěstování rychle rostoucích dřevin
Smílková, Aneta
My bachelor thesis deals with the issue of growing fast-growing trees. At the beginning of the work there are suitable trees and possible ways of their cultivation. The work continues by focusing on sprouts plantation. All agrotechnical interventions are described here, from foundation to disposal, and the use of harvested wood. The work also outlines energy parameters, production parameters and yield potential. The work is focused especially on the economics of cultivation with the indication of the costs of individual agrotechnical interventions during the existence of the plantation. In the final part of my bachelor thesis I presented a model example for sprouts plantations of fast-growing trees. From an economic point of view, possible ways of harvest are compared.
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Vliv různého zpracování půdy na výnosy a ekonomiku pěstování ozimé pšenice
Langerová, Sylvie
The aim of this diploma thesis was to elaborate on the analysis of wheat growing in the Czech Republic and to evaluate the influence of variant methods of soil processing winter wheat crops (that are grown after three forecrops: alfalfa, corn for silage and pea plants) on winter wheat yield and economics of growing it. Monitoring was done during the time period 1989-2014 using a longterm stationary field experiment that was conducted on clayish muck soil in a beet-growing region, (Ivanovice na Hané). After all three forecrops were planted, they were separated into four different methods of soil processing: ploughing on 0,22 m, ploughing on 0,15m, direct sowing, and loosening on depth of 0,10 m. The highest yield of winter wheat was achieved by growing it after pea crops, followed by corn for silage and the lowest yield was achieved after alfalfa. The influence of different soil processing on yield of winter wheat was statistically insignificant. The highest average yield of winter wheat was recorded after ploughing on 0,15 m, followed by ploughing on 0,22 m, and direct seeding. The lowest yield was achieved after soil loosening at a depth of 0,10 m. During the course of the experiment, the highest yield of winter wheat was recorded after the direct seeding into unprocessed soil after the pea plant forecrop. The lowest yield was recorded for direct seeding after alfalfa. In the calculation of the economic evaluation, after all three forecrops, the higher contribution to payment was made by the minimalization methods of soil processing (variants 3, 4) and lower by the methods of ploughing (variants 1, 2). On average, the highest contributions to payment were recorded as winter wheat growing after pea plants and the lowest contributions recorded after alfalfa plants. Overall, the results point to the possibility of reducing the intensity of soil processing for winter wheat grown on clayish muck soil in beet-growing region.
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Vliv různého zpracování půdy na výnosy a ekonomiku pěstování cukrovky
Dehner, David
The effect of different soil tillage on yields and economy growing of sugar beet grown after three forecrops (spring barley, winter wheat and silage maize) was studied in a long-term stationary field experiment conducted in the years 1993-2014 on loamy chernozem soil in sugar beet producing area. Four variants of soil tillage (1. variant -- plowing at 0.28 m, 2. variant - plowing at 0.22 m + loosening at 0.40 to 0.45 m, 3. variant - plowing at 0.28 m + freezable crop sowing and 4. variant - plowing to 0.22 m + freezable crop sowing) were evaluated. Observed results of impact of alternative soil tillage methods on the sugar beet grown after three forecrops on yields, sugar content and economy generally indicate suitability (from the point of production and economy) of the tillage technology with sowing of sugar beet into freezable crop. At least appropriate, in the given drier and warmer site conditions, was reflected deeper soil loosening to 0.40 - 0.45 m. The best forecrop for sugar beet was winter wheat, the least suitable forecrop was silage corn.
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Vliv různého zpracování půdy na výnosy a ekonomiku pěstování jarního ječmene
Kinclová, Vendula
The aim of this thesis was to elaborate analysis of cultivation of cereal crops and spring barley in the Czech Republic, EU and worldwide, and to evaluate the impact of different methods of tillage on yields and economics of cultivation of spring barley. The effect of different soil tillage intensity on yields and economics of cultivation of spring barley was observed in the long -- term experiment. This experiment was conducted on loamy chernozem soil in sugar-beet producing region in Ivanovice na Hané. Yields obtained between years 1990 -- 2014 were evaluated. Spring barley was grown in three crop rotations. The forecrop of the spring barley was always sugar beet grown after maize for silage, winter wheat and spring barley. Four variants of tillage were evaluated: ploughing to the depth of 0,22 m, ploughing to the depth of 0,15 m, straight sowing into non-tilled soil and shallow loosening soil to the depth of 0,10 m. In all three crop rotations, the highest average yield was obtained in variant - ploughing to the depth of 0,15 m and the lowest average yield was obtained in variant - ploughing to the depth of 0,22 m. For the economic evaluation of the impact of different soil tillage intensities were determined variable costs, revenues and gross margins. In all three crop rotations the lowest gross margins were achieved in variant with ploughing to the depth of 0,22 m. In the crop rotation of maize for silage -- sugar beet -- spring barley and in the crop rotation of spring barley -- sugar beet -- spring barley were the highest gross margins determined in variant with direct sowing into non-tilled soil. In the crop station of winter wheat -- sugar beet -- spring barley were the highest gross margins determined in variant shallow loosening soil to the depth of 0,10 m. The results indicate that in these soil and climatic conditions, the reduction of intensity of tillage for spring barley grown after sugar beet is sustainable alternative to the traditional method of tillage.
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Vliv různého zpracování půdy na výnosy a ekonomiku pěstování kukuřice na zrno
Nejedlá, Jana
The thesis was evaluated the effect of different tillage on yield and economics of maize grain. Monitoring was carried out in the years 2006 - 2012 on loamy gley Fluvisol in corn production areas. Corn for grain was within the crop rotation grown after winter wheat. Comparison of two variants of tillage: 1) Conventional tillage with plowing (0.22 meters) 2) Minimization tillage with shallow loosening (at 0.15 m) Effects of different tillage on yields of corn for grain was lackluster, the differences between the versions in addition to the 2010 statistically inconclusive. Higher average yield for the reference years were recorded on the variant of the classical tillage (10.65 t /ha), lower average yield was at variant with shallow tillage (10.34 t /ha). The difference in yield between the variants was 0.31 tons per hectare. Sales of a conventional tillage were on average higher years (46,627 Kč/ha) as compared to minimization processing (46,297 Kč/ha), the difference between the variants was 330 Kč per hectare. Direct costs were a conventional tillage on average in higher (18 094 Kč/ha) than in the minimization process (17 470 Kč/ha), the difference between the variants was 624 Kč per hectare. Contribution margin was a conventional tillage on average in lower (29 295 Kč/ha) than in the minimization process (29 573 Kč/ha), the difference between the variants was 278 Kč per hectare. The results show the overall monitoring of the environmental conditions of the possibility of using both technological procedures tillage (classical and minimization) of maize grain grown in crop rotation after winter wheat.
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