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Difficult to treat asthma in adults from the nurse´s point view
LAHODOVÁ, Danka
Summary The quality of life of patients with bronchial asthma is influenced by severe everyday difficulties, including nocturnal symptoms, limitation of physical activities or a more frequent hospitalization. Therefore, it is necessary that the medical staff take special care and individual approach to the patients with difficult treatable asthma. Objective 1: Find out limitations in customary daily activities of the patients with severe asthma. Patients stated that they are restricted in their customary daily activities including sport activities. Objective 2: Find out the nurse?s participation in the care for asthmatics. The objective was achieved; the nurse takes part in the care of patients with difficult treatable asthma from the first visit in the ambulance. She makes the first contact with patients, assists the doctors, takes examination material, carries out certain examinations or helps out with them and takes part in the nursing care. Objective 3: Find out the role of a nurse during biological treatment of patients with difficult treatable asthma. Essential is to make a relationship between the nurse and the patient, to educate the patient, to reeducate him and to provide nursing care. According to these objectives we have put three research questions. The first question is: ?In what customary daily activities is the patient with asthma restricted?? During the research interviews we discovered that the most difficult period for the patients was, when they had to leave their jobs because of the disease. Furthermore, clients stated that they handle daily activities at their own pace and it always depends on their current health. Patients try to keep their condition by doing leisure sport activities. The second question is ?How does the nurse engage family in the care of an asthmatic?? From the interviews we found out that family engages in the care when breathing problems occur and the patient is not able to deal with it on his own. Family ensures the feeling of patient?s safety. The nurse provides family with information on how to avoid asthmatic fits, how to help during the fit and where to find this information. Patients with difficult treatable asthma and their families have to be provided with appropriate information. It results from our research that family accompanies the patient very rarely during the visits in the ambulance for the treatment of difficult treatable asthma, only in case of health impairment. Clients visit the ambulance mostly on their own without any companions. Question 3 is ?What is the nurse?s role during the biological treatment of the patient with difficult treatable asthma?? We discovered that nurse?s role starts with educating the patient in order to abide by the rules of treatment regime and with assessing individual needs of the patient. She teaches him how to change the behavior due to the disease, responsibility for his health and helps him to deal with limitation which the disease brings. Moreover, the nurse is the bearer of the nursing care, applies the biological treatment. It is important to gain trust and build cooperation with the patient.
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