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Spatio-temporal activity of African ungulates at water sources in Mogalakwena River Reserve, South Africa
Homoláč, David ; Hořák, David (advisor) ; Bennitt, Emily (referee)
The large mammals of African savannah are a well-studied group of animals, but few studies focus on the temporal, circadian activity of this group of mammals. Such studies either use problematic methods of data collection (webcams, direct observations) or have been conducted in national parks or large reserves, where movement of the animals is not limited with anthropogenic structures. In such sites, the community of large mammals is usually complete, including the guild of large carnivores. Thus, small, fenced off reserves without a complete community of large mammals are understudied. Therefore, this work focuses on the spatio-temporal activity of ungulates at water sources in the Mogalakwena River Reserve in South Africa, which is an example of a reserve without large predators except the leopard (Panthera pardus). I used camera traps to assess the activity of ungulates, which I placed alongside the Mogalakwena River and at the water holes. With the help of artificial intelligence, I classified the photos to the level of activity of each species. I then tested this activity over space (type of water source) and against biotic and abiotic factors. The activity of ungulates at water sources is influenced by the maximum daily temperature, as the activity shifts to the evening hours during higher...
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Vznik a vývoj poškození vytloukáním a vystrouháváním srnce obecného na dřevinné vegetaci
Báňa, Dominik
The thesis deals with the occurrence and further development of damage caused by the roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) on woody vegetation. Five research areas were established and camera traps were installed. The frequency of damage to woody plants in the established plots was examined. The number of damaged trees and the frequency of visits over time were recorded. The data indicated that deer are most active from late March to late July. Nevertheless, rubbing damage can occur up to December. Roe deer are mainly active at night, but some activity can occur during the day. Deer in the 2 age categories are the most likely to rubbed. Rubbing can be repeated several times on the same tree by one or more roe deer, but most seedlings have been rubbed only once. In the future, more attention should be paid to this behavior of roe deer from the point of view of research as well as hunting and forestry practice.
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Between-year dynamics of carnivores and ungulates in the Czech landscape
Schnebergerová, Adriana ; Pyšek, Petr (advisor) ; Sedláček, František (referee)
It is important for the ecological management of wildlife populations in the Czech Republic to know the composition of species in individual habitats. This will allow predictions on the reactions of wildlife based on evolving changes that will occur sooner or later in these habitats due to human activity and natural change of our environment. Camera traps are a powerful tool of the 21st century with which we are able to observe wildlife without major interventions in their lives. With the right experimental design, camera traps allow us to find out details about wildlife life such as their distribution and habitat preferences, population structure, and their behavior. In this work, I used camera traps to determine the species composition of two groups; ungulates and carnivores in different habitats. This thesis analyzes the habitat preferences and hepls to find out to what extent the spatial patterns of occurrence on these two groups are in the monitored habitats over the course of a couple years. Data collection took place from June 2015 to May 2017 in the Central Bohemian Region northeast of Prague. Despite the fact that the area is densely populated and agriculturally exploited, I was able to capture four species of ungulates and nine species of carnivores on a total of 73 camera traps in this...
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Modern technologies in population biology of a highly mobile mammal
Tkáčová, Nikola ; Hulva, Pavel (advisor) ; Apfelová, Mária (referee)
This bachelor thesis is dedicated to investigate the methods applicable to research of population biology of highly mobile mammals on the example of Eurasian lynx. Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) is one of the most widespread felid species. This species is considered to be a suitable model organism due to its large range which includes various ecologic, climatic and demographic conditions. Eurasian lynx fundamentally participates in shaping the entire ecosystem as an apex predator. Its return to the areas of the past occurrence has an effect on species composition there. For the effective protection of this species, it is crucial to use appropriate monitoring methods to obtain information on the distribution area, abundance and population trends. Monitoring of this animal is quite difficult due to its low population density, mainly dusk and night activity and large home-range size. On account of this knowledge hi-tech methods (e.g. GPS telemetry, camera-traps, genetic monitoring) are used. Various methods of monitoring are utilized for various study goals. Telemetry is one of the most commonly used and probably the most effective method for obtaining detailed information about biology and ecology of the species. On the other side this method is invasive and it is possible to track only limited count of...
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