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Sukcese vegetačního krytu po velkoplošném rozpadu horských smrčin v NP Šumava
Pokorná, Pavlína
The aim of this thesis is to evaluat the present state of herb layer vegetation after disturbance of mountanin Norway spruce forests in the Šumava National Park and wheather the herb layer vegetation of the mountain Norway spruce forest is determined by a spatial structure of general level of the upper canopy before disturbance even after twenty years. Overall, seven areas around Březník were evaluated. Releves of various one square meter areas which were situated under dead standing trees, under former subdominant trees, and in canopy gaps was conducted. Overall 242 phytocenological releves were made. The evaluation was supplemented by a tentative research of soil conditions with 22 soil samples taken. The results of phytocenological releves indicate that there is a connection between herb layer vegetation and its habitat of former canopy gaps, and a habitat of dead standing tree, which had formed the general level of the upper canopy in the past. However, the difference 20 years after the disturbance is not very significant, but it is still noticeable. It was discover that Avenella flexuosa and Vaccinium myrtillus are located in plots under dead standing tree and subdominant tree spruce compared to Luzula sylvatica which mostly appears in canopy gaps. The results also demonstrate, that the structure of herb-layer vegetation is conditional on habitat circumstances, particulary on the presence of rocks at the location. In areas where coverage of rock is higher Vaccinium myrtillus prevails and there is higher coverage of Norway spruce (Picea abies).
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Vliv acidifikace a vápnění na druhové složení a diverzitu bylinného patra na ekosystémové stanici Rájec
Müllerová, Iveta
The aim of this tittle was to evaluate changes in herb layer vegetation at the Rájec ecosystem station (Drahanská Uplands), where the conditions of acidification mitigation were artificially induced in the past by the application of dolomitic limestone. This research was carried out by collecting 60 phytocenological images. Subsequently, differences in species diversity, species claims on the environment using Ellenberg indicator values, species composition and changes in species frequencies within individual applications were evaluated.
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Effect of canopy openning on undergrowth of pioneer forests
Lutišan, Zuzana ; Vojta, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Hofmeister, Jeňýk (referee)
Canopy gaps created by falling or the death of one or more trees in the closed canopy forests are a natural part of the temperate forests in temperate zones. There are studies that describe this disturbing mechanism helpful in forest restoration and regeneration of primary virgin forests. Much more frequent in the forests of the Central European country, however, are secondary forests, which originated in the area after the previous human impact in places that were gradually abandoned and successionally overgrown up to the stage of forest communities. And in this type of forest, I tried to capture the effect and impact on vegetation clearings in the undergrowth. The results, presented in this paper come from the area Doupovské mountains, of the military area Hradiště, where there are fragments of pioneer forests established after the displacement of the population in the 50s of the last century. The goal of this thesis was to find out how these canopy gaps affect species composition and diversity of undergrowth pioneer forests and how important are selected environmental conditions on the composition and diversity of undergrowth vegetation. I was able to show that gaps in pioneer forests create an environment for species that normally don't occur under the closed canopy. Light has a significant...
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Interactions between animals and plants in urban forests
Dobešová, Jana ; Vojta, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Horčičková, Eva (referee)
INTERACTIONS BETWEEN ANIMALS AND PLANTS IN URBAN FORESTS ABSTRACT This Bachelor thesis focuses on the influence of big mammals (especially Cervidae, wild boars, badgers and foxes) on herb understory in urban forests. Cities are continuously expanding and thus occupy natural habitats of the animals. Therefore, these animals are habituating in urban forests. The specific conditions of both urban and forest habitats and their influences on animal and plant distribution are mentioned. From the possible influences of animals on herb understory, special emphasis is put on herbivory, which can affect individuals, populations and even whole plant assembly. The influence of trampling, urination and burrowing are also investigated. Finally there is a summary of big mammals' influence in relation to human influences. Key words: Urban forests, herbivory, herb layer, disturbation, nutrients, large mammals
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Vliv podílu listnáčů ve SM monokulturách na diverzitu a druhové složení bylinného patra
Svobodová, Pavla
This diploma thesis deals with the influence of hardwood species (particularly sessile oak -- Quercus petraea) in spruce monocultures on diversity and herb layer species composition. The aim of the thesis is create 40 phytosociological relevés with different percentage representation of aok in spruce monocultures. Particularly 10 relevés for 4 spruce monocultures variants was described: 10 relevés of 100 % spruce monocultures, 10 relevés of 90 % spruce monocultures with 10 % oak, 10 relevés of 80 % spruce monocultures with 20 % oak and up to 50 % of oak and 50 % of spruce. Resulting phytosociological data will be processed and floristic similarity of relevés will be evaluated based on species diversity indexes. The result draw conclusions about herbal layer abundance (quantitatively and qualitatively) in relation to portion of hardwood species in spruce monocultures.
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Secondary succession toward woodland - Changes in the herb layer species composition
DOSTÁLOVÁ, Alena
This dissertation focus on spontaneously developed forests (SDFs) on mesic stands. The present tree layer was described and the possible changes in the tree layer was estimated. Influence of site- and context-dependent factors on the species composition and general character of the herb layer was studied in detail. An experiment was established to study seed and safe-site limitation of nine forest herb species.
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