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Hardware generation of cryptographic-safe primes.
Kabelková, Barbora ; Smékal, David (referee) ; Cíbik, Peter (advisor)
The bachelor's thesis deals with the topic of prime numbers and their generation. It briefly introduces prime numbers and points out the importance of secure primes in cryptography. It gives examples of asymmetric ciphers and closely analyses RSA algorithm. The thesis then presents some pseudo-random and true-random methods of generating sequences of numbers and compares their properties. It evaluates the most used primality tests, both probabilistic and real, based on their applicability in practice. It suggests several combinations of primality tests with generating methods and chooses one to implement on FPGA. The thesis describes the implementation of a generator that generates a sequence of numbers using the von Neumann middle-square method and subsequently uses the Miller-Rabin test to find primes between those numbers. Key processes of the proposed generator are explained and illustrated. The proposed implementation is simulated and synthesized in the Xilinx Viavado environment. The individual parts of the generator are tested using several behavioral simulations. Finally, the thesis comments on the conducted simulations and evaluates the properties of the proposed implementation.
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Smartcard authentication
Juras, Stanislav ; Burda, Karel (referee) ; Hajný, Jan (advisor)
The master’s thesis outlines the problem of authentication. It describes authentication factors like ownership, knowledge and inherent. There are described properties of each of that. Authentication based on ownership focuses on authenticators - the smartcards. The thesis also describes different types of smartcards (contact, contactless and hybrid smartcards) and refers to their basic properties. Emphasis is placed on the description of contact and contactless smartcard, specifically focusing on .NET smartcards. It describes their internal components such as memory (RAM, ROM, EEPROM), crypto processor etc. Smartcards are also examined in terms of support for cryptographic primitives. The thesis also introduces the cryptographic methods and principles describing symmetric and asymmetric ciphers. Symmetric ciphers are divided in to stream and block ciphers. There is description of asymmetric cipher, digital signature etc. This work also touches on the fundamental principles required for safe programming. Part of this work is also practical implementation (programs). Practical part aims to implement the communication between the user and AC (Access Control) AASR system. The first suite of applications provides encrypted communication between the PC and smartcards. These applications should create on smartcard services that will be able to perform operations on the client side, which are necessary to authenticate in the AASR system. The paper also presents algorithms for working with big numbers - addition, subtraction, multiplication, and Montgomery's algorithm for multiplication. The second application implements the functionality of AC components (Access Control). This functionality is for example – authenticate received token, digital signature authentication, generating random numbers, logging etc.
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Hardware generation of cryptographic-safe primes.
Kabelková, Barbora ; Smékal, David (referee) ; Cíbik, Peter (advisor)
The bachelor's thesis deals with the topic of prime numbers and their generation. It briefly introduces prime numbers and points out the importance of secure primes in cryptography. It gives examples of asymmetric ciphers and closely analyses RSA algorithm. The thesis then presents some pseudo-random and true-random methods of generating sequences of numbers and compares their properties. It evaluates the most used primality tests, both probabilistic and real, based on their applicability in practice. It suggests several combinations of primality tests with generating methods and chooses one to implement on FPGA. The thesis describes the implementation of a generator that generates a sequence of numbers using the von Neumann middle-square method and subsequently uses the Miller-Rabin test to find primes between those numbers. Key processes of the proposed generator are explained and illustrated. The proposed implementation is simulated and synthesized in the Xilinx Viavado environment. The individual parts of the generator are tested using several behavioral simulations. Finally, the thesis comments on the conducted simulations and evaluates the properties of the proposed implementation.
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|
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Smartcard authentication
Juras, Stanislav ; Burda, Karel (referee) ; Hajný, Jan (advisor)
The master’s thesis outlines the problem of authentication. It describes authentication factors like ownership, knowledge and inherent. There are described properties of each of that. Authentication based on ownership focuses on authenticators - the smartcards. The thesis also describes different types of smartcards (contact, contactless and hybrid smartcards) and refers to their basic properties. Emphasis is placed on the description of contact and contactless smartcard, specifically focusing on .NET smartcards. It describes their internal components such as memory (RAM, ROM, EEPROM), crypto processor etc. Smartcards are also examined in terms of support for cryptographic primitives. The thesis also introduces the cryptographic methods and principles describing symmetric and asymmetric ciphers. Symmetric ciphers are divided in to stream and block ciphers. There is description of asymmetric cipher, digital signature etc. This work also touches on the fundamental principles required for safe programming. Part of this work is also practical implementation (programs). Practical part aims to implement the communication between the user and AC (Access Control) AASR system. The first suite of applications provides encrypted communication between the PC and smartcards. These applications should create on smartcard services that will be able to perform operations on the client side, which are necessary to authenticate in the AASR system. The paper also presents algorithms for working with big numbers - addition, subtraction, multiplication, and Montgomery's algorithm for multiplication. The second application implements the functionality of AC components (Access Control). This functionality is for example – authenticate received token, digital signature authentication, generating random numbers, logging etc.
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