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Education of mothers in the care of a child with cerebral palsy
KURÁŽOVÁ, Natálie
This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of cerebral palsy and education of mothers in the care of children with this disease. The thesis focuses on the perception of the child's needs from the perspective of mothers and nurses, as well as the educational process that is carried out between the mother of a child with CP and the nurse who educates. The aim of the thesis was to find out how mothers and nurses perceive the needs of children with cerebral palsy and how the mother's education process takes place in the care of this specific child patient. The thesis is divided into two parts. The theoretical part describes the disease of cerebral palsy including definition, causes, diagnosis, forms, classification and treatment. Next, the ideal education by the nurse and the needs of the child are described. The practical part includes results obtained through semi-structured interviews with nurses and mothers of children with CP, recorded with a dictaphone on a mobile device and then transcribed for later analysis and categorization. Six categories were identified through categorisation: child's needs from the nurse's perspective, maternal education, communication of diagnosis, child's needs from the mother's perspective, education by the nurse and support for families of children with CP. The categories were then converted into diagrams. A total of six mothers of children with CP and six nurses who had already met children with CP participated in the research process. The results of the research revealed that the mothers' and nurses' perspectives on sufficient education differed. Mothers want individually tailored education even in post-hospitalization care, while nurses consider it sufficient to provide information related only to the current problem with which the child is hospitalized. Therefore, this work is an excellent basis to complement the studies of future paediatric nurses. The work serves to prevent negative experiences of mothers during the period of hospitalization with their child caused by ineffective and lack of education.
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The role of the pediatric nurse in the realization of newborn screening
KUBÍKOVÁ, Michaela
This bachelor thesis examines the role of a pediatric nurse in providing newborn screening, focusing on the educational process of mothers, their involvement during the screening process, and the challenges they encounter. The aim is to describe the range of nursing activities involved in providing newborn screening. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part provides detailed descriptions of population-wide screening examinations. Specifically, it covers screening for congenital syphilis from umbilical cord blood, laboratory screening for 20 diseases, screening for cataracts, congenital deafness, and developmental dysplasia of the hips. In subsequent chapters, I focus on the competencies of pediatric nurses and their role in providing newborn screening. The practical part includes methodology, research findings, and discussion. The data collection utilized a semi-structured interview method. The research sample consisted of pediatric nurses working in the physiological newborn unit and intermediate care station at the neonatology department of the Hospital České Budějovice a.s. and at the pediatric department of the Regional Hospital Jihlava. During the interviews, I asked a series of questions to nurses to ascertain their familiarity with newborn screening issues. Based on the establishment of one goal, three research questions were formulated. The first question addresses the extent of parental education currently provided by pediatric nurses. The research indicates that the majority of nurses have a comprehensive understanding in this area and are able to convey the required information to parents. The second question examines nurses' opinions on parental involvement in newborn screening implementation. The research demonstrates that nurses actively encourage parents' presence during procedures. The third question focuses on the challenges that pediatric nurses may most commonly encounter in providing newborn screening. To a small extent, there is a possible underestimation of procedural pain management by parents during procedures. However, the research does not reveal any significant issues in providing newborn screening.
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Nursing care of a paediatric patient with diabetes mellitus type I.
PETŘÍČKOVÁ, Jana
The bachelor thesis is focused on the care of children with type I diabetes mellitus by nuirses working in diabetes clinics. In the theoretical part, there are characteristics of diabetes mellitus, its classification causes, symptoms, diagnosis, complications, treatment, and also the specific needs of paediatric patients diagnosed with type I diabetes mellitus. The first aim of this bachelor thesis was to evaluete the current state of nursing care of paediatric patients with type I diabetes mellitus. The second aim was to find out and identify the specific needs of paediatric patients with type I diabetes mellitu. The third aim was to try to suggest improvements in nursing practices and strategies for paediatric patients with type I diabetes mellitus based on the findings. The pactical part of the bachelor thesis was elaborated by using a qualitative research method. We used a questionnaire method and a semi-structured interview technique to collect the data. The research file consisted of nine nurses working in the Children's Hospital in Brno in diabetes outpatient surgeries with different length of experience. After transcribing the interviews with the respondents verbatim, we analyzed the results by using open coding using the pencil and paper method, where we esstablished a total of seven categories: age of children with type I diabetes mellitus, initial symptoms of children with type I diabetes mellitus, education, violation of treatment regimen, improvement of treatment regimen, limitations of diabetes in personal life, and visit to the diabetes clinic. The results of the research are presented in the various tables and charts of the empirical part of this paper. The research shows that the most common age of children with type I diabetes mellitus is preschool age. Initial symptoms in children with type I diabetes mellitus were most commonly reported by the respondents as frequent urination, excessive thirst, abdominal pain, and lack of appetite. Only one respondent stated that she did not observe any symptoms. Insulin administration was the most frequently reported educational intervention. Within the treatment regimen violation, not applying insulin and improving the treatment regimen, educating the children resulted the most. Limitations of diabetes in personal life most of the respondents said that they do not have any limitations. According to the most frequent answers of the respondents, the visit to the diabetes clinic is regularly once in three months. We believe that the results of this bachelor thesis could be used as educational material in diabetes clinics for paediatric patients to extend information about proper diet and lifestyle.
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Enuresis in paediatric patients from the perspective of a paediatric nurse
VETÝŠKOVÁ, Tereza
This bachelor thesis deals with enuresis in pediatric patients from the perspective of a pediatric nurse. This condition is often referred to as involuntary urination. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part describes enuresis, the anatomical and physiological description of the urinary system. Furthermore, it discusses psychological and anatomical changes that may cause enuresis, the psychological needs of patients suffering from enuresis, diagnostic methods, and treatment options. The role of pediatric nurses providing specific care to children with enuresis as well as education to children and their paretns is also described based on aliterature review. The practical part focuses on the specifics of nursing care for children with enuresis. While patients with this disease are more commonly encountered in nephrology clinics, pediatric nurses also encounter enuresis in pediatric wards. The main objectives of this bachelor thesis are to explore the experiences and opinions of nurses on the care of pediatric patients with enuresis, understand how pediatric nurses perceive enuresis inpediatric patients, and examine the strategies and approaches used by pediatric nurses in caring for pediatric patients with enuresis. Interviews were conducted with pediatric nurses to achieve these goals and methodologies. Additional interviews were conducted with parents of children with enuresis, and all interview results were categorized into 10 categories. The research revealed that nurses are knowledgeable about the specifics of nursing care for children with enuresis and have experience with these patients. Respondents utilize appropriate and effective strategies and approaches in caring for children with enuresis.
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The role of the paediatric nurse in vaccination
SMETANOVÁ, Lucie
Current situation: Nowadays, we can more often meet parents who refuse expectations for their child. For other parents, it is not clear how they should behave when offered standard and above-standard vaccinations. They do not have enough information, or they have too much information, often purposeful, often inaccurate, or, on the contrary, expert but not understandable to the general public. Aim of the study: The aim of the research was to determine the current role of the paediatric nurse in the vaccination process, to assess their role in providing information to parents, to identify the barriers encountered by paediatric nurses in the vaccination process and, last but not least, to assess the level of parental awareness of vaccination. Methodology: For the quantitative research, non-standardized questionnaires were used. The questionnaires were distributed via social networks and also in paper form in the South Bohemia region. 215 questionnaires were obtained and processed as part of the survey. Qualitative analysis was carried out using semi-structured interviews. Nurses working in primary care at PLDDs in České Budějovice and Třeboň participated in the interviews. Results: The quantitative part of the survey found that parental awareness is high and parents often seek information about vaccination themselves. Out of the total 215 respondents, only 6 (3%) respondents do not vaccinate. The biggest reasons for not vaccinating are concerns about the reaction. Related to this is the question about fear of side effects, to which 111 (52%) of the 215 respondents answered that they were concerned. Paediatric nurses play a very important role in the vaccination process from education, storage, preparation, administration of the vaccine to monitoring the child after vaccination. From the qualitative survey, it was assessed that the key role of the pediatric nurse lies in the education of both children and adults. The results of the quantitative survey also agree with this. Conclusion: It is very important not to stop vaccination education. Parental education is therefore very important and should be started as soon as possible.
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Competencies of pediatric nurses in clinical practice
PEŠLOVÁ, Klára
The bachelor's thesis aims to map the perspective of paediatric nurses on their competencies in clinical practice. The theoretical part of the thesis introduces the concepts of competency and competency in nursing, the characteristics of the personality and education of the paediatric's nurse, the professional nursing activities of the paediatric's nurses based on their competencies and the application of the paediatric's nurses in clinical practice. The practical part is prepared by qualitative research method and analyses data obtained from 10 semi-structured interviews with selected paediatric nurses working in paediatric, neonatal and neonatology wards.
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Motivation of pediatric nursing students for the pediatric nursing profession
HRABOVSKÁ, Alžběta
The theoretical part of the thesis was divided into two parts: the first one introduces the field of pediatric nursing, the second one focuses on motivation. In the first chapter which is relates to pediatric nursing, the history of pediatrics is described, the concept of pediatrics role of pediatric nurse, pediatric nursing education, competencies and scope of pediatric nursing is explained. In the second chapter, which concerns motivation, the concept of motivation, sources of motivation, intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, need and motive, motivation to learn and to work are described.The aim of this study was to investigate students' motivation to study paediatric nursing and to find out whether paediatric nursing students' preferences for practice in the future profession of paediatric nursing change during their studies. Quantitative research methodology was emloyed for the empirical segment of the thesis, where data collection was conducted throught self-constructed questionnaire. The questionnaire survey was conducted at selected universities with a Pediatric Nursing program. The schools participating in the research are the Faculty of Health and Social Sciences of the South Bohemian University, the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Ostrava and the 2nd Faculty of Medicine. The research population for the research data consisted of 96 respondents.The quantitative results showed the following. The first hypothesis, that the greatest motivating factor for the profession of pediatric nurse is a positive relationship with children, was not confirmed. According to the graph, the strongest motivating factor for studying pediatric nursing is the response of helping children, which was converted with a score of 3.9 on the scoring scale. A positive relationship with children was converted to a score of 3.8. Job security was converted to a score of 3.5. Job prestige was converted to a score of 3.1 on the scoring scale. The least motivating factor (compared to the other responses) is financial reward, which was converted to a score of 2.6. The second hypothesis, that preferences for practice in the future profession of pediatric nursing vary with the length of study, was not supported. The third hypothesis, that preferences for practice in the future profession of pediatric nursing change depending on the form of study, was not confirmed. The second and third hypotheses were tested by questions that were only addressed to second and third year students. The statistical chi-square test was used to test the validity of hypotheses H2 and H3. The null hypothesis was tested against the alternative hypothesis at a significance level of 5 %. The bachelor's thesis can provide a closer look at the motivation for studying for a future career as a pediatric nurse directly from the perspective of pediatric nursing students. It can also serve as feedback for faculty to determine if students are satisfied with their studies. The results of this work were presented at the SVOČ and will be shared with the participating faculty.
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Care for children with autism spectrum disorders in the home environment
FLORIÁNOVÁ, Eliška
The bachelor thesis deals with the care for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in the home environment. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. The historical development, classification, characteristics, etiology, clinical picture, diagnosis and therapy of autism spectrum disorders are discussed in the theoretical part. The most important chapter of this theoretical part is family and care in the home environment. It describes a family and a child with ASD, as well as homesharing, needs, the role of the paediatric nurse in care and specifics in the area of self-care. The practical part and the objectives are focused on the specifics of care in the home environment, the needs of children with autism spectrum disorders and also how the paediatric nurse participates in the care. A qualitative research method was used to conduct the research using semi-structured interviews with eight mothers and two paediatric nurses. The interviews were recorded anonymously on a dictaphone and then transcribed into written form. The survey results were coded using the "pencil and paper" method, and nine categories and several subcategories were subsequently created. Specifically, the following categories were created: Diagnosis, Information Resources about Care, Care in the Home Environment, Homesharing, Reactions to Change and Strangers, Communication, Needs, Specifics of Care in the Home Environment and Paediatric Nurse and Care for a Child with ASD. The results are divided into well-arranged charts and diagrams The research showed that the care of children with ASD in the home environment is individual and often demanding. Mothers also reported that they were not satisfied with the information about home care because no one talked to them about this issue. The most common problem is self-care because most children with ASD need help with everything, whether it is dressing, eating, going to the toilet or hygiene. Another specificity in the care is hypersensitivity, for example to various colours, shapes or materials. Communication with these children is also very hard, as they communicate especially in a non-verbal or visual way through the use of special objects. Also the observance of rituals before sleeping or eating is very specific for children with ASD. The children with ASD have biological, social and psychological needs. In many cases, however, these children with ASD do not feel the biological needs, so their parents have to look after them. The paediatric nurses participate in the care by educating the parents and trying to support them in whatever is needed. If a child with ASD visits a General practitioner's surgery for children and adolescents or a dentist's surgery, the nurse should always try to respect the child's rituals.
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The effect of play therapy on the child's psychological well-being during hospitalization
ARBELOVSKÁ, Natálie
Current status: The course of hospitalization can be a very stressful situation for a child that he or she may not have encountered before. The child may experience fear of the unknown, loneliness and separation from peers. Play therapy is a therapeutic method that helps to ease the child's hospitalization. This play can be used as a tool and motivation for hospitalized children. The objective of this thesis is to map the effects of a hospital stay on the child's psyche. Another aim is to determine the effect of play therapy on the psychological well-being of the hospitalized child. Methodology: A qualitative research strategy was chosen for the research part. Semi-structured interview technique and observation technique were chosen for data collection. The sampled population that were interviewed, consisted of parents and their children who were admitted to a pediatric ward. The results: The result of the analysis of the responses to the research questions revealed, that the use of play therapy in the hospital has a significant positive effect on the psyche of the hospitalized child and on a better experience of the hospital environment. When examining the second objective, it was found that the majority of the children hospitalized in the pediatric ward did not show significant psychological sequelae due to their hospital stay, suggesting that this stay did not have a significant impact on their psychological state. Conclusion: The research investigation revealed that play therapy in hospital is an integral part of hospitalisation and helps children to relax and better experience their hospitalisation. It has a significant positive impact on their psyche. This bachelor thesis can serve as a study material for students dealing with this issue. Based on the results of the study, an educational leaflet "the use of play therapy in blood collection" was designed. The leaflet will serve, as an aid for nurses in the pediatric ward. Based on the results of the study, an educational plan "the use of play therapy during blood collection" was designed. The plan will serve as a tool for nurses in the children's ward.
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Children's wards nurses knowledge of taking care of intermediate-term vascular access devices
Müllerová, Julie ; Hromádková, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Průšová, Kateřina (referee)
The bachelor's thesis is focused on mapping and researching the nurses knowledge of taking care of intermediate-term vascular access devices inserted to pediatric patients. The aim of the work was to find out, based on a questionnaire, the level of nurses knowledge of individual types of intermediate-term catheters and nursing procedures related to catheters. The theoretical part of the bachelor's thesis includes pediatric anatomical specifics, general characteristics of vascular access devices, specifically described types of intermediate-term vascular access devices and nursing care of these catheters. The empirical part presents classified data in the form of overviews of tables and sectional charts, which are then compared with hypotheses based on age, length of practice, type of workplace and specialized competence of the respondent in the field of intensive care. The research methodology consisted in distributing a self-designed structured questionnaire in the form of a didactic test to nurses working in the children's wards of The University Hospital in Motol Faculty Hospital. The examined sample consisted of 76 respondents. Based on the questionnaire survey statistically significant difference was found in three particular items depending on the type of workplace of respondents in favor of...
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