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The Comparison of Milk Yield of Milked Breed Cradlet in the same Conditions
NEZBEDOVÁ, Marie
Nowadays it is hard to maintain the profitability in cattle farming in the Czech Republic. The price of a liter of milk is not stable and and input costs have an increasing tendency. It is necessary to reduce input costs to maintain a good economy of milk production and the emphasis is on increasing milk production. There is also a decline in dairy cows, the herd replacement increases and the reproductive characteristics of dairy cows worsens. A very important component participating in the milk production is sufficient and quality nutrition This bachelor thesis analyzes the influences on milk production of Czech Fleckvieh cattle and Holstein cattle. The aim of this work was to develop a detailed survey of Czech Fleckvieh and Holstein cattle. Furthermore, the importance of cattle farming, utility types of cattle. An integral part of the literature review are influences that affect milk production in kg and also on the content of milk constituents, in particular the fat content and protein. Another part of the work is the statistical analysis of chosen influences on milk production and milk components. Among the selected factors are breed, age at first calving, lactation length, level of production during the first inspection of first calving performance. The outcomes were evaluated in the company ZOD "Podhradí" Choustník and values needed for analysis were obtained from reports of performance tests. During the watching of milk yield of dairy cows in the monitored file related to the breed, it was found that the total average milk yield in the monitored file Holstein cows reaches the level of 8743 kg of milk, with an average 3.66% fat and 3.43% proteins. Czech Fleckvieh cows gived 7005 kg of milk with 3.92% fat and 3.53% proteins. In comparison with T-test in was found a statistically significant difference between breeds in milk production only in the third lactation (P <0.001). There was a significant difference between breeds in fat content (P <0.01) in the second lactation. The effect of age at first calving on milk yield in first lactation was not confirmed at Holstein cows. The biggest group of the utility was achieved at cows calving aged> 28 months. Statistically significant differences were found only for protein content and for groups calving to 22-24 months and groups of 25-27 months (P <0.01). For the Czech Fleckvieh cows the highest milk yield of dairy cows reached calving group aged 22 to 24 months (6947 kg of milk). In evaluation of the impact lactation length on the average daily milk production per standard lactation and full lactation results were significant for groups of cows with lactation length 401-500 and over 500 days of lactation (P <0.01). For the Czech Fleckvieh cows the difference was only detected in the group of 401 to 500 days of lactation. Correlation analysis of both breeds showed that is possible based on the values found during the first inspection the of the utility after calving perform negative selection (Rxy= 0,632, P <0.001)
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