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Kmín kořenný (Carum carvi L.) jako agrokomodita
Havlíková, Jitka
In the Czech Republic, caraway (Carum carvi L.) is one of the most cultivated LAKR crops. In the last two years there has been a significant increase in growing areas. In 2017 and 2018, caraway was grown at 4 125 ha and 4 685 ha, which is the highest cultivation in the last six years. Average caraway yields in the Czech Republic are based on production and its quantity are around 0,86 t.ha-1. In the case of the addressed enterprises, the total direct costs were averagely ranged between 17 384-25 801 CZK.ha-1. From the years under review, cost profitability was negative only in 2018, namely for Business No. 2 (-32 %) and Business No. 3 (-20 %). In contrast, profitability of Business No. 1 was beneficial in all years under review. In the monitored enterprises the price of cumin seeds per ton in the period 2016-2018 fluctuated from 20 000 to 65 000 CZK. The results show that it is an attractive crop from the group of medicinal, aromatic and spicy herbs and it is confirmed that caraway is a suitable market crop that requires ongoing attention from a marketing perspective.
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Suppressive efect of knotweed and other selected plant species on the germination and foliar necrosis
Šerá, Božena ; Plachká, E. ; Vrchotová, Naděžda
Selected plant species Reynoutria sachalinensis, Carum carvi, Sophora japonica and Impatiens glandulifera was used for testing the toxic effects on the model species of white mustard (Leucosinapis album) and oilseed rape (Brassica napus). Two types of test were used. First, the growth of seeds was tested on the model species in the soil mixed with the various aboveground parts of selected plants. Second, leaves of the model plants were treated with extracts from selected plant species and with the pathogen of Leptosphaeria maculans isolate. The reaction to the impact of selected plant species in the soil substrate was analogue in both of white mustard and oilseed rape. Greater phytotoxicity was recorded for the leaves of Reynoutria sachalinensis and the fruits of Carum carvi. Small phytotoxicity was relatively low when the substrate with the tree bark of Sophora japonica was used.
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