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Molecular methods as a way of determining genetical diversity of species exemplified on narrow-clawed crayfish in the Czech Republic
KORYŤÁK, Lukáš
The narrow-clawed crayfish was introduced to our country at the beginning of the 19th century. The population originally came from Galicia in Poland. The aim of this work was the sampling of chosen populations and the assessing genetic diversity at these locations in the Czech republic. The occurrence of crayfish was confirmed at 6 out of 13 chosen locations. Thirty specimens were analysed from 6 populations and the diversity of mitochondrial genes COI and 12S rRNA was evaluated. The haplotype diversity was highest for both genes in the Řečice population, (12S: Hd=1.000; COI: Hd=0.667), Stanislav (Ukrajina) (12S: Hd=0,866; COI: 0,733) and Kozárovice populations (12S: Hd=0,607; COI: Hd=0,500). On the other hand, the existence of only one haplotype was recorded for both respective genes in the Kosov, Mačkov and Stodůlky populations. The divergence of sequences for 12S rRNA and COI was 1 and 2%, respectively. The topology of phylogenetic tree was identical for both genes with the existence of two well defined phylogenetic lineages. One of the lineages was made up only out of the specimens (haplotypes) from the Stanislav (Ukraine) population. The other one contained the rest of the analysed populations of the narrow-clawed crayfish. The Stanislav (Ukraine) population comes originally from Ukraine, therefore it can be said that the populations from Eastern Europe are different from those at our country, or the populations from Poland, which is where the crayfish on the Czech Republic originated from. In order to confirm this trend, it would be necessary to analyze a larger number of specimens and more population from every area where this crayfish species occurs.
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