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Postoperative treatment in case mammary reconstruction operation for female after ablation.
BOUŘILOVÁ, Hana
Abstract A woman{\crq}s breast represents one of the most important attribute of women beauty. This is why any congenitally conditioned anomaly is usually perceived very sorely. The impact an ablative operation has on a woman is thus more than obvious. Breast loss or deformation for treatment purposes affects a woman in two spheres. With the fear of further treatment procedures, health condition development and further fate most women are scared of how a loss of such a dominant femininity symbol will change their lives. The effort to have a new breast created is often as important as the exactly performed primary operation for an affected woman. It actually relates to recovery of self-reliance and self-confidence in social life of such a woman. A reconstruction operation to create a new breast belongs to very complicated and painful operations. The subsequent post operation period is difficult for the patient and the postoperative regime is strict. The nursing care is long and intensive and it is limiting and burdening for a patient. Nevertheless a woman takes courage to undergo all that and bear all the difficulties linked to the intervention patiently. However such a physical but particularly mental change it brings is worth it. The aim of the thesis was to find out how a woman approaching the operation perceives the nursing care. The next aim was to find how the nursing care affects a patient after such an operation. Six women hospitalized at two different surgery wards were invited to participate in the research. Four patients, one of which was taken to the surgical ward and the three others to the casualty and plastic surgery ward, agreed with the interview. A research question focused on the nursing care perceived from the viewpoint of a patient revealed that patients mainly concentrated on the surgery intervention itself and its success, while the nursing care acts were perceived as a burden and they even became bothering during the time. Another research question was focused on finding how nursing care might affect the course of hospitalization. With regard to the conditions the patients were taken to the nursing personnel was perceived very positively by the patients. Their approach and behaviour helped the patient stand the distress of the postoperative regime and they finally felt satisfied with the hospitalization course. Upon the discovered facts this thesis should clarify the issues of hospitalization to nurses, so as they are able to get a better insight into the patients{\crq} feelings and their perception of nursing care. To be able to focus their care more efficiently and provide it with the knowledge that helps them care about a patient in the demanding conditions from the somatic point of view but also be supportive in the mental sphere. To focus more intensely on communication in the early postoperative period and on helpful approach, which is very important for a patient, as a nurse has possibility to influence a patient positively to a large extent. With regard to the facts discovered we may form a hypothesis that improper environment has negative influence on a patient{\crq}s psyche. The other hypothesis may be a statement that suitable communication may influence patient{\crq}s welfare during hospitalization positively.
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The employment of medical assistants in acute nursing care
JIRÁKOVÁ, Marcela
The thesis is aimed at to what extent nursing assistants are used for providing acute nursing care and whether nursing assistants are interested in providing nursing care, and, in addition, it focuses on what the attitude of the management to employ nursing assistants is. Moreover, it deals with the historical development of the nursing education until today and with the impact on education of non-medical staff after the Czech Republic joined the European Union. It deals with legislation and decrees in force laying down conditions of work of non-medical staff {--} defining professions and their members, defining the scope of work (primary, secondary, tertiary care), defining requirements for obtaining a certificate of professional competence, defining lifelong learning, defining job competences etc. The aim of the bachelor thesis was to find out how much the services of nursing assistants are used in acute nursing care and whether they are interested in working in this area. The instrument for gaining these targets was the quantitative method in a form of a questionnaire intended for the pupils in the 4th grade at the Medical Secondary Schools in České Budějovice and Český Krumlov, specialization Nursing Assistant, and then the qualitative method in a form of a semi-standardized interview conducted with the middle and low management, in particular ward sisters and nursing officers on wards with acute beds. The questionnaire responses were plotted in graphs using descriptive statistics, interviews were summarized in a paper and synoptic charts. The results ascertained were described and evaluated in terms of disproving or proving the hypothesis and in terms of findings based on the questions raised in the final discussion.
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Mobing and bossing the workplace
MANETHOVÁ, Jana
Mobbing and bossing represent vexation at a workplace, which unfortunately affects also health care and health care teams. The aim of this bachelor thesis was to find out knowledge of the terms mobbing and bossing, as well as occurrence of vexation at neurosurgical departments (Intensive Care Unit, SIP and two standard departments) in the Nemocnice na Homolce hospital in Prague. In order to fulfill these aims and hypotheses, the method of quantitative data collection by means of questionnaires was chosen. The questionnaires were filled out by physicians, medical nurses and medical attendants, both by women and men. The aims of the work were fulfilled. It followed from the results of the survey, that almost one third of respondents was not familiar with the terms mobbing and bossing, or they could not define them accurately. It was found out after mapping the occurrence of vexation at workplaces that a majority of informants did not know, where they should turn in case of occurrence of mobbing and bossing. The first hypothesis on more extensive occurrence of vexation towards women than men was confirmed. The second hypothesis regarding the knowledge of how to fight mobbing and bossing was not confirmed, as the respondents were not familiar with possibilities of how to cope effectively with vexation at a workplace. After the review of all filled-out questionnaires it followed that in case of occurrence of mobbing and bossing the leaving from work is preferred more than active defense against colleagues, or superiors. We believe that a workshop on the topic of mobbing and bossing would be welcomed by a majority of respondents. They would clarify for themselves the difference between vexation and powers of superiors, but also possibilities of active defense.
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Nurse {--} patient relation in emergency room sector
VČELIČKOVÁ, Martina
"Nurse {--} patient relation in emergency room sector{\crq}q was the topic of my thesis. The bachelor thesis was divided in two parts. The theoretical part dealt with questions of those factors which influence the nurse - patient interrelation. The thesis tried to describe the most important factors which effect the establishing of the patient {--} nurse interrelation; it tried to describe nurses{\crq} points of view as well as patients{\crq} points of view because their views can be fundamentally different and in a way they can zoom in some out-patients{\crq} aspects. The length of waiting time for treatments, overall impressions related to their visits in emergency rooms, patients{\crq} characters and the level of emergency room nurses{\crq} stress play significant roles. Two targets were set in the practical part of my thesis. The first target was to map factors which take share in forming a positive client {--} nurse relation in emergency room care. The second target of my thesis was to map factors which take share in forming a positive nurse {--} client relation in emergency room care. Furthermore, five hypotheses were set. The first hypothesis was: ``Waiting time before treatment influences nurse - client relation.{\crq}q The second hypothesis was: ``Women are more willing to cooperate than men.{\crq}q The third hypothesis was: ``The shorter the client{\crq}s waiting time for treatment, the more willing s/he is to cooperate.{\crq}q The fourth hypothesis was: ``Emergency room nurse{\crq}s high stress influences her relation to clients.{\crq}q The fifth hypothesis was: ``A large number of clients waiting for treatment are a strong stress factor for nurses. The qualitative method with the anonymous questionnaire technique was used for the real status discovery. Two kinds of questionnaires were used. The patients{\crq} questionnaire contained 24 questions. The questions were closed ones and half-open ones - for amending of brief answers. The introductory questions were identifying ones. The other questions were focused on positives and negatives which are closely connected with visits in emergency rooms. Nurses{\crq} questionnaire contained 29 questions, which were closed ones and half-open ones - for amending of brief answers and one question was open one - for expressing of their own opinion. The introductory questions in the questionnaires were identifying ones. The other questions were focused on positives and negatives which are connected with providing care to patients who come into emergency rooms for treatments. Treated patients, emergency room nurses and ordination nurses in Písek, Strakonice and Brno were my research population. 200 questionnaires were distributed; 100 questionnaires were distributed to emergency room nurses and 100 questionnaires were distributed to patients who were treated in emergency rooms. Findings were illustrated in diagrams, which reflect the answers of nurses and patients. The discussion was confronted with technical bibliography. In the conclusion there are stated the summarised results of the thesis, corroborated or refuted hypotheses as well as possible suggestions how to influence positively the forming of interrelations between nurses and patients in emergency rooms.
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The falls and the injuries under supervision so prevention contra quality
MÁŠKOVÁ, Jana
The problem of in-patients{\crq} falls and injuries, with the view to prevention and care quality at hospitalization units of Nemocnice Písek, a.s., is the theme of my bachelor thesis. The theoretical part of the thesis is focused on the problem of falls in its entirety. It describes causes of falls, effects of falls as well as prevention possibilities against falls. Three targets of the thesis were set down. Firstly, to find out the frequency of falls in hospitalization units of Nemocnice Písek, a.s. Secondly, to find out risk factors connected with falls of in-patients at hospitalization units of Nemocnice Písek, a.s. Thirdly, to find out if nurses know the fall prevention precautionary mechanisms. Six hypotheses were set down in the practical part of the thesis. The first hypothesis is: ``There are more falls in the internal unit of Písek Hospital than in the surgical unit of Písek Hospital.{\crq}q The second hypothesis is: ``The most frequent risk factor causing falls and injuries in Písek Hospital is the quick patients{\crq} getting up.{\crq}q The third hypothesis stems from the following premise: ``Nurses know the clients related fall prevention precautionary mechanisms{\crq}q. The fourth hypothesis predicates: ``The risk of fall and injury of senior patients is higher than the risk of fall and injury of junior patients{\crq}q. The fifth hypothesis says: ``Nurses in Písek Hospital follow rules which are related to falls and injuries.{\crq}q The last hypothesis predicates: ``The care quality audit which is focused on falls and injuries is carried out in Písek Hospital{\crq}q. A quantitative method, in the form of a general nurses{\crq} anonymous questionnaire, was used within the first part of my research work. For monitoring the falls of patients, which is a quality indicator of Nemocnice Písek, a.s., the qualitative method of data analysis was used within the second part of my research work. The documentation belonging to Nemocnice Písek, a.s. was the basic data source. The research results were processed into 29 graphs and two charts. Technical literature is confronted in the Discussion section of the thesis and author{\crq}s opinions are pronounced there. Confirmed and unconfirmed hypothesises, thesis summary and author{\crq}s suggestions regarding the client{\crq}s fall risk and care quality improvement are pointed out in the Conclusion of the thesis.
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Cooperation between nurse and client´s relations hospitalizationed in house department
JÍLKOVÁ, Veronika
Medical workers, patients and family members are three groups, which often meet in demanding and critical situations, which they tend to experience in different ways. That is why the inforamtion leak may occur and also the basic conditions are not met (and this applies not only to clients, but also to specialists). Nurses should be opened to communication with family members and regularly offer them the exchange of informations. If the family comes with new ideas, we should be able to find a way to transform them into our profession. We should be able to counsel the family on where to get help or additional informations, or coordinate them. The cooperation between medical workers and family members creates the sanctuary of peace, where the patient and his family feel much better then they used to in the times, when profesionals used to be too much authoritative The subject of my bachelors work is the cooperation between nurses, family members and clients hospitalizated on the ward of internal medicine. The aim is to find out, how nurses percieve the family members of the clients hospitalized on the ward of internal medicine.find out which problems represent the greatest struggle for nurses, who have to deal with family memebers of hospitalized client. find out, whether the family members are satisfied with nursing staff on the ward of internal medicine. The vital informations were collected using the method of answering sheets, which were filled in by the nurses working on the ward of internal medicine and by the relatives of hospitalized clients on the ward of internal medicine of the České Budějovice Hospital. Hypothesis No. 1: `` The Hypothesis that the nurses in the internal department perceive the presence of the hospitalized patients{\crq} family members positively{\crqq} was confirmed. Hypothesis No. 2: `` The Hypothesis that the nurses are lacking the understanding of given information in the communication with the hospitalized patients{\crq} family members{\crqq} was not confirmed. Hypothesis No. 3: `` The Hypothesis that the hospitalized patients{\crq} family members are satisfied with cooperation with the attending personnel in the internal department{\crqq} was confirmed. I hope, that the findings made by me, will help widen the space for cooperation between nurses and family members of our patients, help realize better exchange of informations between families and nurses, which will lead to better treatment for our patiens.
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Cooperation parent, nurse, child in nursing process
PAPOUŠKOVÁ, Kateřina
This thesis concentrates on the problems of the cooperation between nurses and parents being hospitalized together with their ill children in a hospital. The factors influencing the experience of the illness by the children as well as the aspects in connection with the hospitalization of the parents and their children are described. Furthermore, specificities of the nursing process at the children´s ward and the possibilities of the cooperation between nurses and parents in different areas of the childcare are discussed. Moreover, this work determines the quality of the cooperation between nurses and parents being hospitalized together with their ill children in a hospital. In addition, it discovers the drawbacks of this cooperation and compares the involvement of the parents into the nursing process from the nurses´ point of view and from the parents´ point of view.
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For- social behaviour of nurses
KOCMICHOVÁ, Kateřina
This work is focusing on questions of for-social behavior and altruism of nurses. For-social behavior is an important social phenomenon, such an antipole of non-provoked agresivity and probably of all other bad behavior (asocial, antisocial) . It is such behavior that keeps social bindings and that makes us closer one another. For-social behavior is characterized by acts done in favor of others without expectation of reward (financial, material) or social approval. In the first part of the diploma paper, there is outlined question of for-social behavior at theoretical level. Here is defined the term of for-social behavior, altruism, empathy with effort to answer the question why we help others, under what conditions, circumstances and to whom. The intention of this work consists in exploration-description of for-social behavior of nurses. The work deals with scale of empathy, altruism and affiliation of nurses in comparison with women non-working in helping professions. Furthermore, there is investigated the ability of nurses to cope with stress and that is measured by means of optimism scale. I did four hypotheses, all of which proved to be right. I used a method of questionnaire in terms of quantified research. Each hypothesis was based on its own separate questionnaire in question form. It was 200 question forms in total, 100 forms for nurses and the same for women non-working in helping professions as a control group. 174 filled forms were given back. The basic group was formed by 88 nurses and the control group by 86 non-nurses. The outcome of questionnaire research is that nurses show higher measure of empathy, altruism and affiliation than women non-working in helping professions. The nurses were also proved to be less adaptable to stress than non-nurses.
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The process of education of patients as a part of a nursing process
ŠEFČÍKOVÁ, Michaela
Education is an integral part of the nursing process. It is a proposeful activity, systematic training, which leads to gain knowledge and skills by means of a special process of learning. The aim of this work was to find out, whether nurses provide patients with education within the nursing process and whether patients feel that this education is sufficient enough to keep an optimal level of their health. All hypotheses I have set were confirmed. Apparently, from the results of the survey, health-educational activity, which is in plenary powers of nurses, is done by nurses themselves for the most part, but in some cases also the doctor took part in this activity. Although most of the asked expressed satisfaction with the information provided, there were still clients who were not satisfied with the number of information both theoretical and practical. In most cases, clients said that the instructions, which had been given to them by the nurse within the educational activity, were very significant for improving their health. Cooperation between a nurse and a client is based on a good communication between both parts. The result of this understanding is a situation when a client obeys the instructions given. From results it is obvious that all clients tried hard to keep professional recommendation provided by the nurse and reach the goal this way.Nowadays, the nurse, who is thanks to her learning within the area of education highly professional, puts an emphasis on mutual cooperation not only with the client but also with his family. The nurse respects client´s individual needs and tries to make him participace actively in his health care.
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