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Emergency preparedness and protection of the inhabitans in the national company Budějovický Budvar in the release of hazardous substances
JIRKA, Martin
The thesis describes the issue of emergency preparedness and protection of the inhabitants in the National Corporation Budweiser Budvar during the release of hazardous substances. The thesis is focused on important aspects that determine the drafting of emergency documentation. One of aspects is the amount of hazardous chemical - ammonia. The total ammonia content in the object is 22 tons. This amount is according to the Act No. 59/2006 Coll., concerning prevention of major accidents as a sub-limit amount and not as an object into group A or B. On these not-classified resources are not subject to some duties under this Act, especially the obligation to prepare an emergency documentation (except where the regional authority include in the emergency plan then must provide and update the required documents). This paper doesn´t discuss by the massive leakage of 22 tons of ammonia. On the basis of analyzes were identified two sources of the risk. The first is a reservoir about the content of 10 tons which is located on the roof of the engine room. Maximum real filling is around 6 tons. The second source of risk is an expansion tank about the content of 14 tons, which is located in the building with cylinderconicals tanks (CKT). Considered fulfillment of the expansion vessel is about 7 tons. Although in this case is not about buildings and facility in which is treated with such a amount of dangerous chemical substances, which would belonged to the relevant group, I will perform available analysis according to a regulations issued or supportively used to analysis and risk assessment in according to the Act No. 59/2006 Coll., concerning prevention of major accidents. Harmful effects of ammonia are another important aspect. According to the Notice of the Ministry of Interior No. 103/2006 Coll., concerning establish principles defining the emergency planning zone and the extent and method of preparation of an external emergency plan, ammonia is taken as moderately toxic substance that irritates the eyes, mucous membranes, and in high concentrations can cause death. The great advantage from the point of view of the protection inhabitants are the warning properties. Characteristic pungency is already known in very weak concentrations. Also disposal of hazardous concentrations isn't technologically challenging, due to its solubility in the water. Another dangerous effect, except the toxicity is its explosiveness (explosive limit from 15 to 28 %) and flammability. Fortunately controlled condensing pressure prevents ignition and explosion of ammonia. Risk of the explosion and ignition of ammonia isn´t analyzed in this thesis, because the range of effects caused by leakage of several tons, is from a toxicological point of view more threatening. Impacts of hazardous concentrations aren´t threat only for people but also for animals and the environment. The thesis focuses on the analysis and evaluation of risks. The results of this research are an important element of the draft of emergency documentation. During the processing is calculated with methods IAEA-TECDOC-727, Dow's Chemical Exposure Index, Estimation of toxicity and software modeling program ALOHA. Further research is being done by brainstorming and semi-standardized interviews with employees of the company. In conclusion of the thesis is appropriate the drafting of emergency cards and emergency documentation (although not in range under the Act of concerning prevention of major accidents), according to which the reaction proceeded for any leakage of dangerous chemicals (ammonia) into the environment and the protection of workers which occur at the public premises or in the premises of the zone of impact of ammonia spilled outside the area Budweiser Budvar, NC. The use of the draft of emergency documentation is also conditioned by the location of the object in relatively densely populated areas of the county town of České Budějovice.
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Complex evaluation of the best available techniques in selected company with pig farming and evaluation their economic impacts.
LHOTKA, Pavel
Thesis deals with complex evaluation of BAT techniques and their economic impacts in agricultural company Lihotošť which makes business in fattening pigs. Breeding of pigs is as well as the stud of other agricultural animals a producer of waste. In the European Union of production must be restricted gas emissions to a minimum. This range using the best available techniques (BAT), which help to reduce ammonia and greenhouse gases in the stable environment, landfill sites and in the application of slurry. The first part focuses on familiarizing with BAT techniques for pigs breeding. The next part deals with techniques applied in stud of pigs and their evaluation according to BREF. The third part is concentrated on evaluation of economic impact of applied BAT techniqueson monitored operation.
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Ways of protection and decontamination of intervening members and members of fire brigades afflicted with ammonia
JOB, Lukáš
The topic of my thesis: "Possibilities and decontamination intervening members and members of the fire protection in contact with ammonia," which I deal with, is on the front burner, because ammonia is a very important and dangerous chemical that is increasingly used not only in industry, agriculture, but also in everyday life. Many business men still use ammonia mainly as a coolant and due to the age of the used technology it can happen and it happens that this chemical leaks into the environment, where it can be dangerous to health, life and the environment as well. It is very important to know the limits that we have to use to protect people, but also to know the intervening organs that carry out the rescue and the liquidation work just for events with the release of ammonia. The present thesis deals with protective equipment, decontamination procedures and the use of decontamination tools in the events of leakage of dangerous substances of ammonia at the Fire and Rescue Brigade of the City of Prague and Volunteer Fire Units of Prague.
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Complex evaluation of BAT techniques in selected company with pig farming and evaluation their economic impacts.
HADÁČEK, Aleš
This thesis deals with complex evaluation of BAT techniques and their economic impacts in agricultural company Lety which makes business in fattening pigs. Stud of pigs is as well as the stud of other agricultural animals a producer of waste. These kinds of waste influence negatively environment if it is misused. The biggest heed in the thesis is taken of emission of ammonia produced by stud of pigs and of its reducing. To reduce the emission of ammonia and other kinds of gas waste it is used the help of BAT techniques described in Reference Document BREF. The first part focuses on familiarizing with BAT techniques for stud of pigs in Reference Document BREF and produced waste connecting with stud of pigs. The second part deals with techniques applied in stud of pigs and their evaluation according to BREF. The third part is concentrated on evaluation of economic impact of applied BAT techniqueson monitored operation. For evaluation of economic impact expended cost is used on applied BAT techniques.
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An Experimental Assesment of Changes to the Size Distribution of Ammonium Nitrate Under Isothermal Conditioning
Talbot, Nicholas ; Ondráček, Jakub ; Ždímal, Vladimír
Results show that for 50nm ammonium nitrate particles, 70-80% losses were recorded through the evaporation chamber. The least volatile was found to be 200nm particulate at 15°C. Generally, at 25°C the greatest reactions were found as was expected from prior research, however an overall increase in particulate concentration at 100nm for all temperature regimes was surprising. Possible multiple physiochemical transformations during transportation through the evaporator, along with activation of impurities within the water could explain these particle gains. The lack of humidity data, inter- transportation temperature profiling and lateral gas measurements limit the effectiveness of this study.
Fulltext: content.csg -  PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22013101814592 - PDF
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Possibilities of reducing ammonia emissions from cattle suckler.
SEDLÁČEK, Radomír
Cattle breeding causes one of the biggest gas pollutions. As measuring of gas concentration still remains very difficult, it's not easy to set up improving technologies. This thesis is therefore aimed on measuring of ammonia, microclimate and ammonia emissions of cattle excluding market cattle sucklers while both pasture and winter stabling. As a suitable place for measuring, a farm of Radomir Sedlacek was chosen. To verify proposed method in practice, measuring took place also in other pasturing areas. Total average of ammonia concentration in pasture measuring was 0,5123 mg.m-3. Total average of specific producing emissions from the pasture was 25,45825,458 kg.ks-1.rok-1. Total average concentration in the stable of all six probes was 0,7035403 NH3 mg.m-3. Total average of producing emission in the stable of all six probes was 113,2744816 kg.stáj-1.rok-1. Specific producing emission for one animal while stabling was 1,742684332 kg.ks-1.rok-1. Suggested action to decrease ammonia emissions on the pasture is use of Amalgerol classic. In the stables this preparation is suggested to go together with PRP FIX fermentation. When combined, up to 70% decrease of ammonia emissions can be achieved.
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