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Binders for pellets from biomass
BARTOŠ, Pavel
Pellets from biomass represent an appropriate form of biofuel for combustion. They are characterized by good fuel parameters, they enable efficient storage, transport and handling, and automatic fuel supply to the combustion chamber. Pellet production is quite a complicated and energy-consuming process. During the production it is necessary to ensure that the amount of input energy was the same or even smaller than the energy obtained. To streamline the production and improve thermo-mechanical properties some binders and additives can be used. It is possible to increase the strength, density, calorific value and resistance to abrasion by using such binders and additives, in addition, you may achieve changes in characteristics and quantity of ash, decrease of the cost of pellets production, the use of materials which are separately difficult to burn and not easy to process by pelleting and affecting emission parameters during combustion. The most important binders and additives with a positive effect on pellets include: lignin, starch, molasses, glycerol, paraffin and palmitin, carboxymethyl cellulose, limestone, rye and corn flour, lignosulfonate and waste potatoes.
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The processing of biomass for direct combustion
TOMÁŠEK, Petr
The aim of this work is to create an overview of the possibilities of using the biomass for energy purposes and to assess various treatment technologies of biomass for direct combustion. It was performed the consumption monitoring of pellets in a family house newly insulated and an assessment of the pellet boiler. As fuel for heating of the house were used white wood pellets made from clean wood and wood waste, without additives. For calculation the consumption of pellets and an assessment of the boiler were used data from the heating season 2011/2012. Finally, a comparison is made of pellets and other fuels for heating the object.
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Effect of carp feeding on species composition and dynamics of zooplankton in ponds
ŠAUER, Pavel
Aim of this thesis was an analysis of the feeding influence on species composition and dynamics of zooplankton. The ponds were stocked with common carp (Cyprinus carpio).The theoretical part describes the planktonic communities, seasonal dynamics of zooplankton, pond management, food of carp and methodology. The practical part deals with, based on sampling, analysis of species composition and dynamics of zooplankton.
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Technological and economical aspects of production of fytomas pellets for burning
KARLÍK, Petr
The main aim of this thesis is to evaluate the production of pellets from phytomass form combustion from the technological point of view. The work introduces pellets as a renewable source with regard to the environmental protection and the advantages and disadvantages of their usage. Pellets are fuel made out from biomass. As a specific example studied in this work is the evaluation of production in pelletizing line in Březnice, Příbram. There is also evaluated the economical point of production of pellets, comparison of market price and the cost of production, the cost of technology, raw materials and other related investments. Technologies and manufactured materials are then compared with other types of pellets production.
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Suggest and check the possibility pellet production for energy use from dry grass or straw
PÍCHA, Jan
This bachelor thesis contains a review of possible technologies for the production of pellets and the means of production from raw material to final customer. This thesis describes the characteristics, treatment and processing of biomass into a form shaped solid biofuels. It contains an overview of the requirements for pellets quality and methods of processing materials in order to achieve the desired quality of pellets. There is created proposal mobile and stationary technological line for production of pellets. This thesis has shaped economic production pellets.
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Energy use of phytomass in the South Bohemia Region
NEJEDLÁ, Alice
This bachelor thesis focuses on energetic use of phytomass in the Southern Bohemia. There was identified real and potential production of biomass in the Czech Republic and in the Southern Bohemia. According to the information acquired from literature, internet and questionnairy research there was identified volume of use of energetic sources and biomass deliberately cultivated in Southern Bohemia for energetic use. The results of this research show that Czech Republic meets the commitment to cover 6% of energetic consumption by renewable energy source ? it even reached 8%. Southern Bohemia produces 4,5% of all renewable energy sources of the Czech republic. The research shows that there is a lack of biomass in the Czech Republic, that is why it must be produced by growing energy crops (PEP) and fast growing woods (RRD). Energy crops produces in the Czech Republic are: Sorrel Feed, Miscanthus Chinese, Knotweed, Reed Canary Grass, Hemp, Sorghum. As fast growing woods there are willows and poplars recommended. The most of the renewable energy sources in Southern Bohemia is represented by biomass and its combustion. Its potential is huge, mostly the waste of wood processing ? sawdust and wooden chips, is the most used fuel. Energetic use of biomass has a good perspective in Southern Bohemia. There is still unused waste from logging and straw in agricultural production. There is still hidden potential in growing energy crops and fast growing woods. The development is defended especially by economic reasons and state financial support.
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Samonosné pelety z (Al)-SBA-15
Topka, Pavel ; Zub, Yu.L. ; Šolcová, Olga
Self-supporting pellets were successfully formed from SBA-15 and Al-SBA-15 powder without the addition of binder or plasticizer. Prepared self-supporting pellets maintained the porous structure of original powder. In comparison with parent sample, a decrease of mesopore surface area and mesopore volume up to 40 % was noticed in the case of pellets formed with the highest 17.7 MPa pressure. The Al-SBA-15 pellets prepared using 4.7 MPa forming pressure were enough mechanically stable to retain the structural integrity during batch alkylation of toluene with benzyl alcohol at 110 °C. The conversion reached with Al-SBA-15 pellets after 60 min of the reaction was about five times lower than that accomplished with powder Al-SBA-15.
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