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Female Sterilization as a Form of Permanent Contraception
LOŠKOVÁ, Lucie
Efforts to avoid an undesired conception have been known for, perhaps, as long as the history of the human kind. The development of new birth-control methods as such is not a new discovery. What is new, however, is the wide development of all methods conceivable and their use. One of such new methods is, among others, female sterilization. So far, this method has not been used widely in the Czech Republic. The rate of sterilized women here reaches a little less than 3%. Compared to other countries where sterilized women account for as many as one third of women, the Czech Republic falls behind. Still, this does not mean that Czech women are not interested in sterilization. The current situation in which sterilization is unpopular is, to a large measure, the consequence of obsolete regulations as well as poor knowledgeability of the subject among the lay public and insufficient promotion of the method. The theoretical section of my thesis provides a summary of known facts about female sterilization. It elaborates on preoperative and post-operative care of women concerned, complications, as well as any potential dissatisfaction with the method and later applications for in-vitro fertilization. The practical part of my thesis is divided into two subsections. First focuses on women?s (public?s) informedness about sterilization, the other elaborates on the knowledgeability and experience of nurses / midwives in selected hospitals providing female sterilization. To get insight into the issue and to achieve the below objectives, I performed my survey research in the form of quantitative analysis. Specifically, the research was carried out using two types of questionnaires when the first one was given to women hospitalized in gynecology departments and the other was handed out to nurses/midwives working there. My research was conducted at the České Budějovice Hospital and Tábor Hospital. My work had 4 objectives and 4 therewith related hypothesis. The first objective was to find out the level of women?s knowledge about sterilization as a form of permanent contraception. The hypothesis ensuing from the first objective is: Women are informed about sterilization as a method of permanent contraception. Another objective was to ascertain whether women would consider having a sterilization done in the future. The second hypothesis is: Women older than 35 years prefer sterilization to other contraception methods. The third objective was to establish whether women know the relevant legal prerequisites to have sterilization done. The third hypothesis assumes that women are aware of the legal prerequisites to have sterilization done. The last objective was to find out in what form, if any, nurses / midwives inform patients on the possibilities of sterilization. The fourth hypothesis assumes that nurses / midwives do not inform gynecology department patients on the possibilities of sterilization. All the above objectives were accomplished. Hypothesis 1 and hypothesis 4 were confirmed. Hypotheses 2 and 3 were not confirmed. This bachelor?s thesis may serve as a study material for other midwife class years as well as for nurses / midwives working in gynecology departments who might provide relevant information and support to women considering having the relevant surgery. Last but not least, my thesis could also be used as an educational material for the lay public in order to improve general awareness of the contraception methods available.
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Birth oriented to woman
KUBÁTOVÁ, Petra
Nowadays, respecting individual wishes of the woman in labor and her partner, the effort that pregnant women bring the child to the world in a quiet and friendly environment is accentuated. The target is that women see the birth as an important event in the life and not only as unpleasant and painful moments. From the professional point of view the alternative obstetrics consist in the effort to fulfill the wishes of women in labor without endangering the safety of the woman or of the child. In the theoretical part, the possibilities of the alternative ways of birth are summarized with focus on the birth outside the hospital facility, ambulatory births, influence of the environment of the birth room on women during the birth, accompanying persons present at birth and first of all the non-pharmacological way of softening the labor pains. From the pharmacological methods, only the epidural analgesia and spinal analgesia are mentioned in the thesis. The practical part focuses on perceiving the environment by women in labor, her satisfaction with the staff and wishes of women in labor. To treat the given issue and to achieve the postulated goal, the qualitative research examination was chosen. The investigation was performed in the form of the non-standardized talk with women after the birth which have given birth in any hospital in the Vysočina region. The target of the thesis was to find out the needs of women leading to the higher quality of the nursing care during the birth. The target was achieved. Based on the elected target, 4 research questions were formulated. The first research question was: Whose presence as member of the staff is preferred during the birth and what is expected from him/her? The research question number two: How is the environment perceived by women during the delivery? The research question number three: Would the women elect another kind of birth leading based on preceding experience? The last research question number four was: What is seen by women giving birth for the first time as negative factor during the birth? All the research questions were answered. This bachelor treatise may be a source of information for following future midwives or pregnant women preparing for the birth. It may be utilized also by midwives who can acquire in this way the survey of what is expected by women in labor from them, how these women perceive the environment and what alternatives they appreciate.
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Educations concerning problems of gravidity and labour at women with aural handicap in the regions South Bohemia and Passau.
FILIPOVÁ, Marie
A midwife working in the delivery room can get into a situation where communicating with an aurally impaired pregnant woman and effectively educating her becomes essential. Pregnancy and birth represent considerable stress, whether physical or mental, for the organism of every woman. Owing to more complicated communication, aurally handicapped women in particular are subject to increased fear and distress. The theoretical part of the thesis focuses on the question of physiological pregnancy and birth as well as the specification of aural disability and educational process. The differences in care for pregnant and birthing women in the Czech Republic and Germany are mentioned at the end of the theoretical part. Studying aural disability more consistently as well as possible contradictions and consequences of insufficient communication during pregnancy, birth and subsequent care for the newborn between the staff and the aurally impaired woman enables a more professional view, thus contributing to a better level of prevention of the woman?s physical and mental problems. The empirical part of the thesis aims at finding out the skills and knowledge of the ways of communication and education of midwives within their work responsibilities as far as aurally handicapped women are concerned. The research also consists of deeper understanding of the area where the necessary educational process should be aimed from the point of view of aurally impaired women?s needs. Quantitative and qualitative research methods were used to get and process data for the empiric part. The quantitative research survey was carried out through the method of data collection by a questionnaire for midwives working in the delivery room. The qualitative part of the research survey was carried out via framework analysis of the output gained from half-structured interviews conducted with aurally handicapped women. Identifying the communication skills of midwives with aurally impaired women in the obstetrics can result in the optimization of the mutual cooperation between a client and the nursing staff. Upon the learnt facts, the thesis points put potential problems in the area of education of aurally handicapped women. At the same time, suitable communication and education strategies are recommended within the professional powers of a midwife in the area of informing aurally handicapped women about pregnancy and birth.
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A Birth Plan- vision and reality
MOŠOVÁ, Kristina
Child Delivery Plan {--} Vision and Reality New approaches to the management of a child delivery and to the care of mothers and newborns have been currently emerging in midwifery, and an increasing number of women come to the delivery room with a child delivery plan. The plan mostly contains the requirements for the manner of the delivery management, presence of the partner and usage of various aids. The last-mentioned requirement involves the basic issue of the relationship between the child delivery plan and the nursing staff. Women have all sorts of requirements and the objective of the midwives should be to satisfy their wishes. However, they often face the problem of missing premises and aids necessary for fulfilment of the wishes of their clients. This bachelor thesis has two objectives, namely to ascertain to what extent the requirements and the wishes specified in delivery plans of women in labour are fulfilled in delivery rooms, and whether midwives have the conditions to fulfil the wishes. The theoretical part describes the issue of the manner of a delivery management, the form and the content of a child delivery plan, with the emphasis placed on specification of the most common requirements of women, and the role of a midwife in the care of a pregnant woman, woman in labour and puerpera. The research results have confirmed the raised hypotheses. The requirements of the women in labour who come to the delivery room with a delivery plan are satisfied. Mothers express satisfaction with the care in maternity hospital in dependence on the degree of fulfilment of their child delivery plan. The research questions were formulated as follows. Do midwives have the conditions to fulfil the child delivery plans? Are the requirements raised by women in labour feasible in the conditions of the maternity hospital? On the basis of the qualitative research we have obtained the answers to the research questions that can be formulated in hypotheses. Midwives have the conditions to fulfil child delivery plans. The requirements of women in labour are feasible in the conditions of the maternity hospital.
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Prevention of Precipitous Labour and Possibilities of Its Encompassment before Hospital Care
SÁKOVÁ, Erika
This thesis is aimed at mapping the possibilities of precipitate birth prevention outside medical institutions and the possibilities of its managing by ambulance service members. The term prevention covers a set of theoretical, organizational knowledge and practical skills in pre {--} hospital deliveries. The results of this thesis points out that the secondary health {--} care staff is theoretically prepared to assist at birth, but in practice they are not so sure. It is thinkink as subject matter for their dispersion They are able to attend the newborn after birth.
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Baptism In The Thinking of Early Modern Burghers
JIROUTOVÁ, Kateřina
The birth and the baptism of child were significant events in the life of people in all historical periods. This diploma thesis demonstrates meaning of the baptism rite and its reflection in the urban society in the Early Modern Age. In comparison to bachelor thesis was used more sources. The research of six families memoirs is supplied with analysis of parish register of Český Krumlov town from 1662 to 1666. Sources of religious area represents catholic, evangelical and Lutheral clerical works and especially polemics. Wider spectrum of sources made possible deeper sight at meaning of baptism and confrontation between religious order and everyday practice in baptism and godparenthood in towns in the 16. and 17. centuries.
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