|
|
Radionuclides in the environment
LEVÝ, Leoš
Radionuclides occurring in the environment on Earth can be divided according to the mechanism of their origin into three main groups. Cosmogenic radionuclides are formed by continual cosmic radiation on the nuclei of stable elements especially in the upper levels of the atmosphere. Terrestrial radionuclides originate directly on our planet. The last group represent anthropogenic radionuclies which occur in the environment due to a controlled activity of man (e.g. nuclear plant outlets) or due to various accidents (the Cernobyl nuclear plant accident). For all mentioned radionuclides I give a description of their occurrence and concentration in the environment and their proportion on the total effective rate a man receives per year. Due to the fact that radon can represent up to 50 % of the total effective rate, it is dealt with in a special chapter. The paper aims at creating a unified overview of occurrence of radionuclides in the environment. To carry out this paper I presumed that there is an insufficient awareness in the inhabitants of the Czech Republic concerning this issue (lack of interest on the part of the population, reception of unverified, incomplete or misrepresented information from mass media or various interest groups). The questionnaire survey, the results of which are part of this paper, confirmed this premise and therefore it is possible to use this paper to improve the awareness concerning the dealt with issue.
|
|
|
Radon Study of a Sample of Chosen Municipalities of South Bohemia - Measurment, Results Analysis and Inhabitants´ Perception of Risk
NOVÁKOVÁ, Andrea
Radon Study of a Sample of Chosen Municipalities of South Bohemia - Measurment, Results Analysis and Inhabitants´ Perception of Risk The topic of my diploma thesis is radon study of a sample of chosen municipalities of South Bohemia - measurment, results analysis and inhabitants´ perception of risk. Czech inhabitants anxiety about radioactivity is usually focused on artificial sources of radiation, mainly on nuclear radiation. However, most of the irradiation of people is caused by natural radiation, espacially by radon. Within my diploma thesis I distributed 100 of detectors to measure volume activity of radon. After about six months I collected data to be processed. During the time of measuring I got know lots of people and I used the possibility to talk to them. That is why one of the aims of my thesis was to assess reaction of people to radon, to values of radon measured in their houses, people´s fears or indolence. I also tried to make the problem of radon easier to larger amount of inhabitants and I tried to make them understand this problem. I intended to inform people about results of radon radiation on human body. Main goal of my diploma thesis was to process data of volume activity of radon which were measured in the premises, to compare these data with the radon index of subsoil and to set a relation between volume activity of radon and other parameters as the age of the premises, contact with subsoil, tightness of windows, construction material used, and water source.
|
|
|
Relation between the level of Radon in the underlay and in structures in Central Bohemia
KADLECOVÁ, Zdeňka
Radon is a natural radioactive gas originating from a radioactive transformation of uranium. It penetrates the Earths surface from the geologic subsoil and cumulates in buildings where it can reach hich concentrations. Building material is also a radon source in resident premises. Water is another radon source. It isimportant to realize that the building materials of a natural origin as well as water supplied to the houses also gain a higher volume radon activity from the geologic subsoil. Hence my thesis particularly focuses on the building subsoil. My thesis that the beologic subsoil isa significant radon source affecting the radon volume activity in the objects, however, a high radon index of the eoloic subsoil does not necessarily mean that a high radon volume activity values will be measured in the building situated on the subsoil. It very much depends on the technical condition of the object and the way of its ue.
|
guest ::
