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Road traffic accidents and their victims
CHMELA, Michal
I chose Road traffic accidents and their victims as the theme of my bachelor's thesis. In the thesis I focus on issues related to road traffic crashes, and define the powers and obligations of police authorities investigating these accidents as well as their victims. I also suggest preventive measures aimed at reducing the number of road traffic accidents. On the basis of criminal records of the Police of the Czech Republic kept at the Road Traffic Inspectorate of the Territorial Department České Budějovice, the method of secondary and content analysis was used for the research. Data about offences committed during road traffic accidents were processed and injuries of the victims of these accidents were classified according to their fault. Selected were only persons who suffered injuries in road traffic accidents. The analysis revealed that in the examined group of 405 road traffic accidents investigated as a criminal offense, 265 persons regarded as victims out of 278 harmed persons received information concerning the legal matters. In case of victims killed in the accidents, close persons received instructions in all 17 cases. Only in one case, in 2013, the victim took advantage of the possibility that the records can be made accessible only to authorities involved in criminal proceedings and to the Probation and Mediation Service of the Czech Republic, so this particular file was kept separately. The executed analysis showed that victims exercise their rights. The analysis also partially refuted the assertion that the police officers inform and explain all available instructions properly. The thesis can be used to educate the public, as well as in the course of theoretical lessons. It can also be applied in practice as a methodological guideline.
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Obligations arising from torts
Chyba, Petr ; Hásová, Jiřina (advisor) ; Švarc, Zbyněk (referee)
The bachelor thesis is about obligations arising from torts according to the contemporary legislation in the Civil Code. This thesis deals with tortious liability in civil law and the aim of the thesis is to analyse this legal institute. The bachelor thesis serves coherent summary of particular aspects of tortious liability. The thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter deals with general liability from the view of the theory of law, theoretical conception of liability in civil law and prevention of damage in civil law. The second chapter is dedicated to formation of duty to provide compensation for damage, especially to particular elements of tortious liability and then to defences. The third chapter is focused on general liability in tort, entities with duty to provide compensation for damage, manner and extent of compensation for harm to assets and non-pecuniary harm. The fourth chapter describes cases of special tortious liability. The fifth chapter is dedicated to compensation for harm to the natural rights of an individual, especially to compensation for bodily harm and death.
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Education of police officers on issues of the status of victim and the victim in criminal proceedings
BÖHM, Jan
Bachelor thesis aims to define the concept of damage and the victim in criminal proceeding and determine the role of these entities using the enumeration and analysis of the various privileges granted to them by a guarantee of Criminal Procedure. This thesis focuses on the issues, which combines elements of both criminal procedural rights in the form of the above-mentioned subjects, as well as elements related to civil damages claimed victims adhesion proceedings, as there is already an integral part of the criminal proceedings. An integral part of the work is practical outcomes-interviews with experts in the field and side-dish interesting material documents the practice, which finds application among professionals and the general public.
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The probation officers work with clients of probation and mediation service with a focus on ethical conflicts
JANKTOVÁ, Růžena
The work deals the terms probation, mediation, probation officer and ethical conflict. The diploma is trying to describe the work the probation with clients of Probation and mediation service. What it task of the probation officers, what knowledge have to for performance ones profession. Distance describe, what kind of ethical conflicts he needs to solve while working with clients. I highlight the posibility of connection to the law number 257/2000 about probation and mediation service. This it in the theoretical part. In the practical part I descrie the ethical conflicts occur in the practice of the probation officers.
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Victim in criminal proceedings and his/her protection
VLČKOVÁ, Simona
The aim of my Bachelor´s Degrese dissertation is to clarify the notion of the offended party in criminal proceedings, to summarise its process rights and to point out some facts related to int and to propose supplements or amendments to the legal regulativ in order to strengthen the offended party´s position. The introductory part of the work defines the term sof criminal proceedings, subjects, the parties in the proceedings and the offended party. The following section of the work deals with the offended party being represented by the solicitor and details the institute of joint solicitor. I devote a separate section to the victim of a crime act and his or her compensation as per the current legal regulation. The main part of the work deals with the offended party´s process rights in the criminal proceedings and divides them into rights pertaining to all offended parties and to the rights pertaining to those offended parties who are entitled to claim compensation for damage. I also focus on the institute of criminal prosecution with the offended party´s consent. The concluding section of the theoretical part deals with hne adhesion proceedings. The following part of the work presents my research whose purpose was to find whether the offended parties´ rights are sufficiently described in the legal order. I selected a qualitative research method, namely semi-structured interview. I asked selected experts six questions aubot the offended parties´process rights and thein application in practice. The conclusion of this part contains my proposals for modifications or amendments of certain process rights, which, as I believe, are missing in the current legal regulation. The work also features appendices: speciments of forms which bodls active in the criminal proceedings use in thein everyday practice.
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Standing of Victims in the Czech Legal Order
Káplová, Eva ; Hejda, Jan (advisor) ; Polanka, Zděněk (referee)
Position of Victims within the Judiciary System of the Czech Republic By Eva Kaplova My Diploma Thesis pursues position of victims within the judicial system of the Czech Republic; especially from the point of view of statutes which the victims may wish to rely upon when seeking legal assistance. In this work, I describe and distinguish understanding of two basic concepts; the concept of an "aggrieved party" (an injured party) and, the concept of a "victim". I also take into consideration the rights to compensation already vested in the current Czech jurisdiction. I review and assess the laws currently in force, especially from the point of view of adequate protection of a victim; as compared to final amendments to the Czech Body of Law, to be enacted by 2013. I bring up numerous issues concerning primary and secondary victimisation. Furthermore, I compare some problematic issues concerning the victim from an international perspective, especially then within several states of the European Union. Finally, my Thesis brings up several suggestions of improving as well as increasing the threshold of victims' protection within the framework of the Judiciary of the Czech Republic.
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The concept of possible help to crime victims
DUŠÁKOVÁ, Lucie
The victims of crime are helped in the Czech Republic not only by public authorities such as police, prosecutors or curts, but also by nonprofit organizations and clinics. They assist the victims not only to cope with the mental trauma but also to claim thein rights (for example the right to compensation). There are currently many such organizations offering psychological or legal adice in our country. Neither all victims not all potential victims from the public are Avare of these type sof assistance. Not everyone in the immediate vicinity of the victims konws, how to treat them, how to communicate with them or how to help them. People´s awareness of helping organizations is reported in the quantitative research carried out on potential victims, who are all of us.
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Comparison of the Czech and Canadian Automobile Insurance System
Kučera, Michal ; Ducháčková, Eva (advisor) ; Daňhel, Jaroslav (referee)
The thesis compares automobile insurance system in the Czech Republic with that of the province of Alberta, Canada. Automobile insurance system represents the framework consisting of third party liability coverage and first party coverages regardless of how many policies in total it is required to arrange. The first part of the thesis introduces the readers into automobile insurance system in the Czech Republic, the second part deals with the system being in existence in Alberta, Canada. The primary conclusion coming out of the thesis is the definition and explanation of the distinctions between the two systems, the consideration of implementing some components of the Canadian system into the Czech system (and conversely) is discussed afterwards.
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Legal and health and social aspects of traffic accidents from the injured party{\crq}s perspektive.
ŠŤÁRAL, Jiří
This paper deals with the problems of aggrieved persons who have suffered property or health damage in relation with road accidents. The paper lists two options that an aggrieved participant of a road accident may use to require the compensation of incurred damage. The objective of the paper is to map and explain the issue of road accidents in view of legal, health and social aspects as seen by the aggrieved persons to be used for general educational purposes. The research utilizes the method of a secondary and content data analysis using criminal files of the Czech Police, the District Office in České Budějovice. The analysis processed individual injuries with the duration of treatment of the injured participants as compared to usual duration of treatment in light of forensic medicine. The data of individual aggrieved persons were processed and it was studied whether they joined criminal prosecution in order to require the compensation of incurred damage. The research analysis resulted in the finding that, out of a total number of 652 aggrieved persons under examination, 290 persons joined criminal prosecution and 362 persons did not. Another part of the research examining injured persons (256 aggrieved persons) showed that their actual duration of treatment matched the usual duration in seven cases only. Duration shorter than usual was found in 50 cases. Duration longer than usual was found in 199 cases. The results of this paper can be used as instruction to facilitate orientation in this issue for e.g. road accident participants or aggrieved persons of other criminal acts.
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A Victim of a Crime and His/Her Right to a Standard Life in our Present-Day Society
PŘIBYL, Pavel
The presented Bachelor?s thesis pays particular attention to the victim of a crime and his/her status in the Czech Republic system of law. The thesis deals with approaches and attitudes of bodies responsible for penal proceedings and other subjects concerned. The thesis goes into details about the value of human life from the victim?s point of view, the assessment of a particular financial damage caused by the victim?s death or permanent health injury in confrontation with the value of human life as stipulated by law, the inner feelings of the victim of a crime (both from the point of view of the perception of the direct act of the crime and the post-traumatic state, as well as the possibility of becoming involved in an ordinary way of life), the changes in family relations resulting from the lingering consequences of the crime and the pathological changes in the victim?s psyche related to the change of his/her state of health. The thesis also contains a coherent view of the procedures of bodies responsible for penal proceedings starting from the primary notice of a commission of a crime up to the legal proceedings and a compensation of the damage caused by the perpetration of the crime.
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