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Yield and quality of hemp oil and its utiliation
SKŘIVÁNKOVÁ, Ilona
Hemp is a versatile plant. Nowadays it is used in almost all sectors of human activity. Cultivation of hemp brings new job positions, revitalizes agriculture and engineering industries as well as other sectors of the economy and allows to re-establish a relationship between man and nature ? thanks to the help of modern technology. The following literature review, whose task was to summarize and evaluate the potential for exploitation, production and subsequent processing of hemp seed oil shows that hemp seed oil is an excellent source for the body of the necessary essential fatty acids in optimal proportions, and is also rich in other important nutrients such as the phytosterols and tocopherols. The methods of obtaining oil from hemp seeds, pressing and extraction, were recorded as differences in the preparation of seeds, and in the direct extraction process. Both methods have their pros and cons. The cold-pressing was found to be low yield and extraction methods is the disadvantage of technology and resources. Production and distribution of cannabis products in the Czech Republic dealing with several companies, two of which are oil notified under Directive 98/34/EC. Growing cannabis seeds will for most businesses in the Republic of the growing issues of risk and economically and will therefore be limited to more southern areas to ensure high seed yields.
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Nutritive and technological quality of hemp seeds
PŮLPYTLOVÁ, Jaroslava
Hemp (Cannabis sativa) is a traditional oil and fiber crop. Its use is universal. Hemp seeds have been consumed in history as a nutritious food. The aim of this work is to summarize information about the nutritional quality of hemp seeds (base composition, amino acid, fibre, vitamin, specific substances content, etc.), technological quality parameters (TGW, the yield of hulled seeds), possibilities of processing and hemp seed products on the market.. Hemp seed contains about 25-35 % oil that is rich in linoleic and linolenic acids, 20-25 % easily digestible protein, 10-15 % saccharides mainly as fibre, vitamins A, B1, B2, B6, C and E. Basic processing techniques of hemp seeds include size separation and hulling. The yield of hulled hemp seeds can be higher as 75%. The hemp oil for food industry is produced by cold pressing. Rests after seed oil pressing (seed cake) are suitable for production of hemp-meal. In the Czech Republic, a whole range of hemp products are sold e.g. hulled hemp seeds, chocolate with hemp seeds, yogurt with hemp seeds, hemp oil, hemp meal, pasta, wine, beer, spice, and others.
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