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Smoking - The Current Treatment Possibilities of Nicotine Addiction
CHYTILOVÁ, Monika
In comparison with other countries the Czech Republic has a relatively high prevalence of tobacco smoking. What is alarming is the growing number of 15-year-olds who smoke at least one cigarette a week. While in 1997 to 1998 this comprised 22% of boys and 18 % of girls, in 2001 to 2002 this figure had increased to almost 29% of boys and 31% of girls. Around 30 % of adults in this country are smokers, yet 70 % of these, i.e. around one and a half people, want to quit. Very few of them are successful without adequate therapy. This is also the reason why in 2008 a total of six tobacco addiction treatment centres were established.So far we have no accurate economic data relating to the costs of treating smoking and other health complications which result from smoking. There is, however, no reason to assume that these figures would be particularly different from those for other European countries. Some health insurance companies are aware of the high costs of treating smoking-related illnesses and are actively providing financial and non-financial support to those wishing to quit.The aim of this bachelor{\crq}s thesis was to determine how well-informed the population is as regards the options for treating nicotine addiction; also to map out the most common reasons that lead smokers to quit. In this work I have used the anonymous questionnaire technique to investigate this issue. A total of 100 people over the age of 15 were questioned. Hypothesis 1 assumes that the majority of the population knows about at least one way of treating nicotine addiction. Hypothesis 2 assumes that the majority of the population, if they smoke or if they were to smoke, would first seek expert advice from their GP. Hypothesis 3 assumes that the most important motive for stopping smoking is to save money.This work can be used as the basis for further bachelor{\crq}s or diploma theses on a similar topic, or to supplement courses at ZSF JU University in České Budějovice.
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Ectoparasitoses of dogs, cats and other domestic animals found in České Budějovice.
HANZALOVÁ, Jana
The objective of this graduation thesis was making a review of the most occurrenced ectoparasitic diseases and note the efectivity of medical preparation in the most risk groups. From February 2005 to December 2007 there was an observation of individuals apperance specialized in ectoparasitic diseases of miscellaneous origin in the Veterinary Clinic Vltava, which is interested in illnesses of small animals. This observation comprehended usually home breeded animals only. Total of checkuped animals was 6468 individuals. From that in category of race dogs acknowledged by FCI was on record 54 what counted 4702 individuals. Other animals numbering 1756 we have included in category of cats with acknowledged origin and European kind of cats without any origin. There was marginally treated with attendance of ectoparasits 5 rabbits and 5 guinea pigs. Between the most frequently medicaly groups the Yorkshire terriers 603 times belonged, hybrids untill the 10 kg of weight 525 times and Retrievers 512 times. Their age interface was different, what responding to their social popularity. At other individuals was the most recorded counts of parasitosis of European cats without any acknowledged origin 1402 times, mostly wild. Thanks to observation it we were able to analyze risky groups and their scalable treatment. The most frequently ectoparasits belouged for cats european kind Otodectes cynotis , numering about 869 pcs, for yorkshire terriers fleas numering about 295pcs and hubrid dogs up to 10kg fleas numering about. The next freguency occurrence of fleas and ticks we notea by the golden retriever. In spite of the komplex attitude in struggle with ectoparasits has beed prefered, by far not the owners proceeded by the advises of the veterinary. So that all precuation can be successfull in the long term, the owners would have to start to solve the problem with wild cats in their surroundings. This cats forms the most usually treated individuals and continually they contaminate their vicinage with ectoparasits with their contact way of life. In 10 disobedience cases the disease expanded not only to the other individuals in animal breeding but to the owner himself. So the necessity of prevention and through medication had been confirmed so that posibility of dangerous disease transmision would be eliminated.
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Depression in Old Age
MAŠTEROVÁ, Monika
This thesis is theoretical and it engage in problems of the depression, in particular depression in old age. It divide in four chapters. In first chapter mentioned a characteristic deppresion. Here is a description, what is the depression and that exit some questionnaires, what make find, whether is a man it distress. Further here is mentioned it occurrence, history, mythes, causes, symptoms, types, treatment and consequences. In second chapter talk about age and growing old and their concomitant changes physical, mental and social. The third chapter devote a characteristic depression in old age, it occurrence, some differences between depression and demence, causes, symptoms, treatment and prevention. The fourth chapter present five stories of some people, who suffer from the depressions.
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Exercise sister in prevention and treatment recurrent and chronic rhinitis and possible complication near puppy fat
OSADČÍ, Jana
Abstract The thesis examines the role of a nurse in prevention and treatment of recurrent and chronic rhinitis and possible complications in children. Rhinitis belongs to the most frequent diseases with chronic course in the group of children and adolescents. The number of affected people, particularly among children living in towns and cities is still rising, so sufficient and suitable education of children and parents provided by nurses is very important. Four goals were set in this thesis. The first goal was to examine the role of a nurse in prevention of recurrent and chronic rhinitis. The second goal was to examine the role of a nurse in treatment of recurrent and chronic rhinitis. The third goal focused on examination of the complications nurses most frequently face. The fourth goal was to elaborate an educational standard for nurses working at paediatric wards of hospitals and in surgeries of practitioners for children and adolescents. Three hypotheses were linked to the goals. The first hypothesis assumed that nurses educated parents in prevention of recurrent and chronic rhinitis. The second hypothesis asked whether nurses educated parents and children in treatment and possible complications of recurrent and chronic rhinitis. The third hypothesis said that otitis media, sinusitis and conjunctivitis were the most frequent complications of recurrent and chronic rhinitis. Quantitative research performed by the questionnaire method was used to achieve the goals. An anonymous questionnaire was designed for nurses and parents. The questionnaire for nurses and parents contained 24 questions. 70 questionnaires were distributed among nurses from paediatric wards and 50 returned. The return was 71 %. 60 questionnaires were distributed among nurses in surgeries of practitioners for children and adolescents, 40 returned. The return was 66 %. 50 questionnaires were distributed among parents and 30 returned. The return was 60 %. The data collection was performed in March 2011. The research results showed that most of the nurses educate parents in prevention and treatment of recurrent and chronic rhinitis. The parents confirm the benefit of the education. They consider a talk with a nurse in a surgery the most suitable education form. Education by a nurse has strong influence on parents and children suffering from recurrent and chronic rhinitis. A nurse helps them learn and understand the disease, teaches them how to find a new lifestyle, informs them about prevention and provides information on treatment. We also found that no educational standard dealing with care about children suffering from recurrent and chronic rhinitis existed. We have elaborated the standard and provided it to nurses in surgeries of practitioners for children and adolescents and paediatric wards.
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Problems of Bulimia Nervosa
POMYJOVÁ, Daniela
The work deals with the problem of mental bulimia and its description. It is worked out in a theoretical way. There are disease definitions and its possible causes. It characterizes concomitant symptoms, it explains the development and potential effects of mental bulimia. Furthermore it focuses on might-be complications and it suggests potential treatment. It also describes therapies and work with affected ones. The work describes in detail the treatment which uses cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). CBT belongs among the most effective therapies and it is a highly developed method. It is a therapy used with food intake failures, specifically with mental bulimia in this work. The treatment is also about a high quality and professional help. The result depends on three crucial facts {--} patient´s attitude to CBT, effort to return to the reality of daily life and ensuring of individual social functioning.
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The feeling of pain in patients after the surgical procedure
VAŇKOVÁ, Blanka
The Bachelor Thesis with the topic ``Algesthesia of patients after surgery{\crqq} deals with the patient pain and differences in its perception in the postoperative period. To achieve the set out goals, a research in form of questionnaire was carried out. The research set was formed from the patients hospitalized at Surgical Departments of the Hospitals in České Budějovice and Strakonice. The gals of the thesis were fulfilled, because we found out the real situation of the pertinent matter thanks to the research. The Hypothesis 1 was not confirmed, because the majority of the medical personnel checks-up the effects after analgesia. The Hypotheses 2 has been confirmed; the women percept the pain after a surgery stronger than men. The Hypothesis 3 has been confirmed, because the patients after the conduction anaesthesias percept pain less than those after a total anaesthesia. This Bachelor Thesis should make the nurses think about whether they offer enough to calm down the pain, check the effect after serving the analgesia, treat the patient with respect to the type of surgery and individual perception of pain.
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The Comparison of Some Methods in Drug Abuse Treatment
JAMBRIKOVIČ, Daniel
The MA thesis compares cognitive-behavioral, spiritual and holotropic breathwork approaches in drug abuse treatment. The theoretical part briefly describes a function of some psychotropic substances and drugs in history. It follows the description of drug addiction genesis and drug addiction types. Other chapter of the theoretical part deals with system of treatment for drug addicts and role of psychotherapy in the treatment. There is also a description of three fundamental approaches for three methods used in drug abuse treatment at the end of the theoretical part. The practical part of the MA thesis characterizes the comparison of three institutions, which use different methods in drug abuse treatment. The chosen institutions were: cognitive-behavioral method {--} Červený Dvůr Psychiatric Hospital, spiritual approach {--} Postovice Therapeutic Community, holotropic breathwork method {--} Atelier II Private Psychotherapeutic Centre. Although, each of these institutions provides a treatment for substance (alcohol or other psychotropic drugs) abuse and addiction, their methods / approaches to the treatment have different fundamental bases. This part also contains transcriptions of structured talks with clients who experienced the mentioned methods / approaches. At the end of the MA thesis the selected approaches based on monitored marks are analyzed and compromise approach for drug abuse treatment is suggested.
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HEALTH AND SOCIAL PROBLEMS OF WOMEN WITH URINARY INCONTINENCE
KAZDOVÁ, Markéta
The urinary incontinence is defined as involuntary leaks of urine that cause hygienic as well as social problems that can be evaluates objectively. At present there are many diagnostic methods that can distinguish various types of urinary incontinence and then {--} the optimal method of treatment can be used. According the causes and severity of symptoms of urinary incontinence the optimal method of treatment is chosen. The modern medicine offers many good ways to solve the urinary leaks. There are conservative or surgical methods of treatment and according the women health status, the optimal method is used. The aim of the thesis was to evaluate to what degree are women in West Bohemia affected by the urinary incontinence and if they search for help in the beginning of their health problems. The patients{\crq} population was formed by 82 women coming from West Bohemia that had problems with the urinary incontinence and that were treated in the specialized out-patient clinic of urogynecology at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital in Pilsen. The data were collected using questionnaire. Our first hypothesis that women don{\crq}t search for help in the beginning of their problems was not confirmed. In the questionnaire, 59 % of women stated that they searched for help in time. Our second hypothesis was proved {--} all women regardless their age are affected in their personal life by urinary incontinence. Out of the data we obtained it is clear that women regardless their age are affected by urinary incontinence in their personal life and even though most of them searched for help in time, there are still a high number of those, who find this problem too delicate to search for help in time. Thanks to our original data, the thesis could help to students of medical and social schools to understand these problems. It could also be used to set the right approach to women with urinary incontinence and to understand their situation. It could also serve to public - to break the taboos around this problem.
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Musicotherapy of Elderly People
MARTÍNKOVÁ, Jaroslava
This theoretical work is describing a music therapeutical method - the musicotherapy. Engages a questions of older age, physical and mental changes of elderly people and their individual or group therapy. Other focus is pointed to possibilities of usage dance and motion therapy for old aged people, and also to preventional and curative effects of active and receptive musicotherapy.
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