|
|
Nursing care of patiens undergoing cystoscopic follow-up
MAŠÍKOVÁ, Kateřina
The subject of this bachelor work is Nursing care of patients undergoing permanently cystoscopic follow-up. The thesis is divided into two parts. The theoretical part is devoted to the problem of providing nursing care to patients witch bladder cancer who untergo regular cystoscopic controls. It describes characteristics of the malignancy of the urinary bladder and its treatment, system of cystoscopic controls, awereness and nursing care for these patients. We have identified six objectives for this work. The first objective was to determine whether the patients have information about cystoscopic examination. The second objective was to determine whether the patients have information on duration of cystoscopic follow-up. The third objective was to map the most common complications after the cystoscopic examinations from the perspective of the patient. The forth objective was to map nursing practice of nurses in the care of permanently cystoscopic follow-up patients. The fifth objective was to determine whether the nurses know the specifics of nursing care for permanently cystoscopic followed-up patients. The last objective was to map the most common complications after the cystoscopic examination from the perspective of nurses. In the empirical part we set three hypotheses and three research questions. The first hypothesis was that patients have information about cystoscopic examination. The second hypothesis was that patients have the information on the length of cystoscopic follow-up. The third hypothesis stated that patients report as the most common complication after examination cystoscopic dysuriac problems. The first research question was what are the procedures for nurses in the nursing care of patients cystoscopic followed-up patients at selected locations. The second research question was what are the specifics of the nursing care of permanently cystoscopic follow-up patients from the perspective of nurse. The third research question was what are the most common complications after cystoscopic examination from the perspective of nurses. Based on an anonymous evaluation questionnare, the first, second and third hypothesis are confirmed and all the research questions were answered on the basic of interviews witch nurses. To obtain information from patients who are permanently cystoscopic followed-up at hospital departments of urology Nemocnice České Budějovice, a.s. and Nemocnice Písek a.s. (=Hospital, a.s. joint-stock company) was used a quantitative method for date collection through an anonymous questionnaire. The questionnare contained 25 closed and semi-open questions. A total of 120 questionnaires were distributed of whitch the final survey used research of 82 ones. Survey results are summarized in graphs. Nonstandardized interview questioning technique witch nurses was used for data collection of quantitative research method. Getting information from the nurses was carried out through depth interview and was by means questions prepared in advance. Research survey was attended by 8 nurses working in hospital department of urology in Nemocnice České Budějovice a.s. and Nemocnice Písek a.s. Interviews with nurses were drawn for charity in case reports. Discussion was confronted with the specialized literature. The outcome of this bachelor work is the information booklet for permanently cystoscopic followed-up patients.
|
|
|
Difficult to treat asthma in adults from the nurse´s point view
LAHODOVÁ, Danka
Summary The quality of life of patients with bronchial asthma is influenced by severe everyday difficulties, including nocturnal symptoms, limitation of physical activities or a more frequent hospitalization. Therefore, it is necessary that the medical staff take special care and individual approach to the patients with difficult treatable asthma. Objective 1: Find out limitations in customary daily activities of the patients with severe asthma. Patients stated that they are restricted in their customary daily activities including sport activities. Objective 2: Find out the nurse?s participation in the care for asthmatics. The objective was achieved; the nurse takes part in the care of patients with difficult treatable asthma from the first visit in the ambulance. She makes the first contact with patients, assists the doctors, takes examination material, carries out certain examinations or helps out with them and takes part in the nursing care. Objective 3: Find out the role of a nurse during biological treatment of patients with difficult treatable asthma. Essential is to make a relationship between the nurse and the patient, to educate the patient, to reeducate him and to provide nursing care. According to these objectives we have put three research questions. The first question is: ?In what customary daily activities is the patient with asthma restricted?? During the research interviews we discovered that the most difficult period for the patients was, when they had to leave their jobs because of the disease. Furthermore, clients stated that they handle daily activities at their own pace and it always depends on their current health. Patients try to keep their condition by doing leisure sport activities. The second question is ?How does the nurse engage family in the care of an asthmatic?? From the interviews we found out that family engages in the care when breathing problems occur and the patient is not able to deal with it on his own. Family ensures the feeling of patient?s safety. The nurse provides family with information on how to avoid asthmatic fits, how to help during the fit and where to find this information. Patients with difficult treatable asthma and their families have to be provided with appropriate information. It results from our research that family accompanies the patient very rarely during the visits in the ambulance for the treatment of difficult treatable asthma, only in case of health impairment. Clients visit the ambulance mostly on their own without any companions. Question 3 is ?What is the nurse?s role during the biological treatment of the patient with difficult treatable asthma?? We discovered that nurse?s role starts with educating the patient in order to abide by the rules of treatment regime and with assessing individual needs of the patient. She teaches him how to change the behavior due to the disease, responsibility for his health and helps him to deal with limitation which the disease brings. Moreover, the nurse is the bearer of the nursing care, applies the biological treatment. It is important to gain trust and build cooperation with the patient.
|
|
|
The Satisfaction of Patients with Peritoneal Dialysis in the Provision of Nursing Process
JANSOVÁ, Miroslava
Peritoneal dialysis is a method of treatment of chronic renal failure. The principle of this method is the exchange of substances between blood and dialysis solution soaked into the abdominal cavity. The absolute indication for the dialysis is the impossibility to establish vascular access for hemodialysis. It is primarily indicated for patients as a treatment for cardiovascular diseases which may cause hemodynamic instability during extracorporeal circulation. Individual preferences of the patient also play an important role. The contraindications are extensive adhesions in the abdominal cavity and inflammatory bowel diseases. This method has recently become common practice at most dialysis centers. It provides patients with more freedom as well as more independence from a medical center and its staff. The qualitative data collection technique was used for the research survey. The qualitative research took the form of non-standardized interview. The research group consisted of six patients from dialysis centers and hospitals in Tábor and České Budějovice. Objective 1 was to find out whether peritoneal nurses provide patients with sufficient information. The research has shown that the patients had been informed about the method before as well as during the treatment. Objective 2 was to find out how nurses support the patients´ self-care. The research has shown that the nurse had supported patients´ self-care by providing them with information regularly, checking during the exchange of dialysis solution and by reeducating them. Objective 3 was to find out whether a nurse helps to reduce social isolation of patients with peritoneal dialysis by providing a health visiting service. The research has shown that patients had highly praised this service, feeling encouraged to become more active thanks to the health visiting service. The work of nurses caring for these patients is rather independent and individualized. The success of treatment largely depends on high quality work of a nurse, on her educational and communication skills. We hope that the results obtained will be an example for other health professionals caring for these patients. The brochure could help patients with renal failure to decide when selecting a method of treatment.
|
|
|
Nurses care of patients with the pankreatitis
JABŮRKOVÁ, Veronika
This graduation work deals with the nursing care, where the education of the patients with pancreatitis is the important part and deals the problem of the patients who are hospitalized repeatedly. Are the patients informed enough about the chance in their lifestyle? Nurses have sufficient knowledge in the sphere of the nursing care of the patients with pancreatitis and they educate the patients about the dietary regime correctly. From the research was found that not each patient realize the seriousness of his illness and comply the diet even when they have enough information about the diet. It depends on the stance of the patient to the illness and his will.
|
|
|
Home nursing procedures in newborn and baby skin care
GENGELOVÁ, Gabriela
Abstract Hygiene plays a very important role in our lives. It is often influenced by social, cultural, family and individual factors, as well as by knowledge about health and hygiene. The skin of a child is very soft and sensitive, and therefore requires careful and considerate care throughout the whole period of childhood, especially in the neonatal period and infancy. Skin care of newborns and infants is an essential attribute of the child?s health care. Such care is an individual matter, and it will always depend on family circumstances in which the child lives and on a suitable and proper approach of parents and physicians. The aim of this thesis was to determine the level of knowledge of mothers and the use of such knowledge in skin care of newborns and infants at home. The second objective was to prepare educational material for mothers. The thesis makes use of the questionnaire method. For this purpose, 274 questionnaires were collected. The questionnaire was distributed to mothers of newborns and infants, who take care of their skin at home. The investigation was carried out at pediatrics in the South Bohemian and Pilsen regions. The results of the research are introduced using graphs and some of the results are statistically evaluated by a chi-square test. Two hypotheses were set. Hypothesis 1: Mothers have enough information regarding the skin care of newborns and infants at home. Hypothesis 2: Mothers correctly use the acquired information about skin care of newborns and infants. We were successful in answering both hypotheses in the research study. The analysis and evaluation of the questionnaires shows that mothers are knowledgeable in treating skin of their children in the neonatal period and infancy. However, we managed to prove that some information of the parents is inconsistent with the literature. Therefore an educational material for mothers was created, focusing on skin care of newborns and infants. This educational booklet may be used at pediatric wards.
|
|
|
Specifics of Nursing Care for Dialysis Patients
ŠŮSOVÁ, Andrea
Abstrakt Nursing is a unique component in patient care. Consistent nursing care depends not only from the theoretical knowledge but also from communicativeness, physical skills, empathy, ability to work in a team and organize work. The aim was to determine the difference in the education of the client with hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis, and also clarify how nurses educate clients about the dialysis regime measures. We also focused on the awareness of patients when these treatments were first introduced and patient awareness now. We wondered whether patients are properly educated and whether they are satisfied with the amount of information that is provided. Research questions were formed within these specific targets directed specifically to educate clients on hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis clients, their daily routine and the difference in the complexity of education between the two types of treatment. In these areas we have focused on nurses working at the hemodialysis centre and patients who are treated with dialysis. According to the two groups interviewed and evaluated, we concluded that the majority of nurses educate clients at the start of treatment. The nurses consider the following attributes to be key for the patient:,a positive attitude, positive health habits, good diet and fluid intake, protecting the limb in hemodialysis, where the coupling is introduced. Nurses consider informing patients with peritoneal dialysis to be more difficult than those with hemodialysis because they must comply with more rules and are not under constant observation. Patients are treated in their home environment and need to adapt their premises for the exchange of solutions and must learn the aseptic technique during the procedure for such exchanges and constant monitoring of the catheter, which are introduced in the peritoneum. The education of patients at the research department is usually done by the ward nurse.
|
|
|
Education of patiens after kidney transplantation
PIVCOVÁ, Alena
The title of this bachelor thesis is: Education of Patients After Renal Transplant. A transplant usually means the transfer of an organ or tissue to another place or another individual. Kidneys are among the most frequently transplanted organs here and in the whole world. Eight centers perform kidney transplants in the Czech Republic. Most of them are carried out at IKEM in Prague. The thesis is divided into a theoretical part and a practical part. The theoretical part includes basic information on anatomy, it describes acute and chronic kidney failure and subsequent therapy possibilities, renal transplant and education. quantitative research. The practical part includes quantitative research. The research was performed by a half-structured interview with 8 patients after the first renal transplantation and with 4 nurses working in the Nephrology Unit of IKEM in Prague. Case reports were prepared from these interviews. We set two goals at the beginning: to find out how the nurse educates patients after renal transplant on regimen measures and to find out how patients comply with the regimen measures. We posed to ourselves these three research questions: What methods does a nurse use when educating patients after renal transplants? What is the educational background of nurses designated for educating patients after a renal transplant? What are the transplanted patient´s life restrictions after a transplant? What life restrictions impair the patient the most after integration into normal life following a transplant? The research questions were answered during the interviews. The interviews showed that all patients are educated during their hospitalization several times. Patients know the regimen measures to be adhered to. The education is carried out by a coordinator who does not have special training and does not have any knowledge about how to conduct the education. Therefore, the output of the thesis has been a training plan which will be available for the hospital management to prepare its own training plans.
|
|
|
Nursing Care in Patients with Injuries of The Facial Skeleton
MELICHAROVÁ, Jaroslava
The subject of this Bachelor Thesis is the care of patients suffering from injury to the facial bones. The thesis is divided into two main parts. The first part describes the theory; the second part takes a closer look at the practice. The theoretical part analyses the anatomy of the skull and facial bones, and the jaw. This part also describes the causes of fractures and other injuries, and their complications and further treatment. Attention is paid to nursing, post-operative care, nutrition, communication, pain and subsequent physiotherapy. The practical part sets four main points for the given work. The first one determines whether nurses have a sufficient amount of information concerning the nursing care of patients with injuries to the facial bones. The second point asks whether nurses are aware of the specifics of nursing cares for patients with embedded intermaxillary fixation in cases of upper or lower jaw injury. The aim of the third point is to find out whether nurses are aware of the specifics related to the nursing care of patients with embedded rubber bands in cases of upper or lower jaw injury. Finally, the fourth point identifies whether nurses observe the nursing principles regarding patients with injuries to the facial bones. The main purpose of this thesis is to set the answers to the hypotheses which were appointed to the aforesaid points. The first hypothesis proves that nurses are aware of the correct nursing care for patients with injuries to the facial bones. The second hypothesis reveals that nurses are aware of the specifics of nursing care for patients with embedded intermaxillary fixation in cases of upper or lower jaw injury. The third hypothesis indicates that the nurses are aware of the specifics of the nursing care of patients with embedded rubber bands in cases of upper or lower jaw injury. And the fourth hypothesis proves that nurses follow the nursing principles regarding patients with injuries to the facial bones. By means of the aforesaid hypotheses it is shown that nurses are fully aware of the nursing care of patients with injuries to the facial bones and that they follow the nursing principles with regard to these patients. The nurses are also well informed about the specifics of the nursing care of patients with embedded intermaxillary fixation or rubber bands. All hypotheses were proved. The results are based on interviews with nurses working in the surgery, traumatology, dentistry and otorhinolaryngology departments. They were asked by means of a questionnaire and the results of this enquiry were assessed by graphs. These results should motivate the nurses to improve the nursing care of patients with injuries to the facial bones. Therefore the brochure entitled ?How to take care of patients with injury to the facial bones? is attached to this thesis. The brochure is written in the form of interventions so that it is clear what the readers should concentrate on.
|
|
|
Nurses educational activities in patients with epilepsy
KŘÍŽKOVÁ, Markéta
The topic of this work is: Educational work of nurse with patients suffering from epilepsy. The word education means upbringing and education. Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases. Nurses should, therefore, be educated in this field in such way that they could teach the patient to follow the treatment regime. The thesis is divided into theoretical and empiric part. In the first part I focus on the epilepsy itself. In the second part I describe the education, its kinds, methods, goals and phases. Furthermore, I describe the role of a nurse as an educator and the content of education of an epileptic patient. Quantitative and qualitative research solution was chosen. Quantitative researching was done with the use of data collecting technique of questionnaire for nurses working at the neurology ward. The results of quantitative research were presented in a chart and evaluated in discussion. Qualitative researching was made in the form of non-standardised interviews with clients suffering from epilepsy. There were two objectives set by this bachelor thesis. The first one was to map general nurses? knowledge of the methods of education of patients suffering from epilepsy. A hypothesis was set: "Nurses know the methods of education of patients with epilepsy." The second aim was to ascertain the knowledge of patients with epilepsy, educated by nurse, about the treatment regime and a research question was set: "What is the knowledge of patient with epilepsy about the treatment regime after he has been educated by the nurse?" After processing the results of questionnaire we can say that the hypothesis was confirmed. Nurses are well informed about the methods of education. But I think the nurses have little knowledge about education itself. There is certainly room for improvement. The results of quantitative research pointed out that many nurses are not engaged in educating clients with epilepsy. The interviews showed that the clients have knowledge about the treatment regime but is seems plain to them. As an output of this work, an informational material with basic information about treatment regime for patients with epilepsy was created (appendix 4). Furthermore, my work shows some examples of the structure of educational plan in nursing (appendix 1). It should serve the nurse as a source for education administration.
|
|
|
Burns as a Nursing Problem
KROPÍKOVÁ, Eva
The name of the bachelor work is "Burns as a Nursing Problem", which is divided into the theoretical and the practical part. The theoretical part of the work deals with the general description of skin and its functions, the causes of burns, its extent and depth, principles of the first aid, rehabilitation and medical treatment of burns, the infection connected with burns, nursing care, nursing problems, nursing procedures, the principles of barrier care, education and psychological issues.In the practical part of the work are compiled three objectives, which were determined in advance. The aim was to chart the procedures used by nurses while treating burnt surface. The second aim was to ascertain the problems nurses see during the care about the patients with burns. The third aim was to ascertain whether nurses educate patients with burns.In the practical part the method of quantitative survey was used for the data collection, which was realized by the research form of questionnaires, all of them were completely anonymous and were consisted of 34questions. The questionnaires were handed in the hospitals in South Bohemia. Pisek´s hospital plc, Prachatice´s hospital plc, Tabor´s hospital plc and Ceske Budejovice´s hopital plc participated in the research survey. The respondents were nurses working in the surgical wards. For the achievements of aids were created four hypotheses. H1: Nurses use modern methods with healing wounds of burns. H2: Nurses perceive like a nursing problem to communicate with patients who have burns. H3: Nurses see a problem with the observance of nursing barrier care when patients have burn trauma. H4: Nurses educate patiens with burns.
|
guest ::
