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Knowledgeableness of patients before and after an operation of the intervention
PRSKAVCOVÁ, Hana
Based on the information within the Bachelor{\crq}s thesis titled {\clqq}Knowledgeableness of patients before and after an operation of the intervention``, which was aimed at the knowledge women have about pre-operative care before planned and acute caesarean section and about post-operative care, hypothesis 1. Women consider themselves to be well informed before the planned caesarean section. According to my research, this hypothesis was confirmed. Hypothesis 2. Before the caesarean section, women do not feel to be properly informed about the surgery. However, research did not confirm this second hypothesis. Hypothesis 3. Women that underwent the caesarean section are comfortable with the way they have been informed about the operation. The quantitative research method through questionnaires was used for data collection. The questionnaire contained 24 queries and was anonymous. The questionnaires were determined for women after the caesarean section and were issued at the Puerperium ward of the general hospital in České Budějovice. A total of 114 questionnaires were handed out and 111 of them were returned filled out, from which 103 of these were used within the final processing procedure. The results clearly show that women consider themselves as sufficiently informed before planned as well as acute caesarean section and consider themselves sufficiently informed of post-operative care.
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Nursing of the woman in confinement
KRAUSOVÁ, Monika
Nowadays, mothers can get information about the period of confinement by reading books and magazines and by browsing the internet. My goal was to find out whether women are informed about nursing care in confinement and whether they are satisfied with it. This thesis is divided into a theoretical part and a part of survey. The first part describes the history of confinement, the physiology and disorders that may occur at women in this period. It deals with the care about woman after her return home as well. In the second part of this bachelor thesis I confirmed this two hypothesis: 1. Women after the childbirth at the department of confinement are informed about the nursing care. 2. At the department of confinement, women after the childbirth are satisfied with the nursing care. The results can serve mainly nurses taking care of mothers at the department of confinement.
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HEALTH AND SOCIAL PROBLEMS OF WOMEN WITH URINARY INCONTINENCE
KAZDOVÁ, Markéta
The urinary incontinence is defined as involuntary leaks of urine that cause hygienic as well as social problems that can be evaluates objectively. At present there are many diagnostic methods that can distinguish various types of urinary incontinence and then {--} the optimal method of treatment can be used. According the causes and severity of symptoms of urinary incontinence the optimal method of treatment is chosen. The modern medicine offers many good ways to solve the urinary leaks. There are conservative or surgical methods of treatment and according the women health status, the optimal method is used. The aim of the thesis was to evaluate to what degree are women in West Bohemia affected by the urinary incontinence and if they search for help in the beginning of their health problems. The patients{\crq} population was formed by 82 women coming from West Bohemia that had problems with the urinary incontinence and that were treated in the specialized out-patient clinic of urogynecology at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital in Pilsen. The data were collected using questionnaire. Our first hypothesis that women don{\crq}t search for help in the beginning of their problems was not confirmed. In the questionnaire, 59 % of women stated that they searched for help in time. Our second hypothesis was proved {--} all women regardless their age are affected in their personal life by urinary incontinence. Out of the data we obtained it is clear that women regardless their age are affected by urinary incontinence in their personal life and even though most of them searched for help in time, there are still a high number of those, who find this problem too delicate to search for help in time. Thanks to our original data, the thesis could help to students of medical and social schools to understand these problems. It could also be used to set the right approach to women with urinary incontinence and to understand their situation. It could also serve to public - to break the taboos around this problem.
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CHILDREN´S HABITS CONCERNING DRINKING REGIMEN AT BASIC SCHOOLS IN THE TOWN HAVLÍČKŮV BROD
TVRDÁ, Lenka
Water is necessary for life, it forms essential part of body and many important chemical reaction takes place in it. Water intake is influenced by hypothalamus what is expressed as a feeling of thirst. Fluids are intaken especially in form of drink, less from food and metabolic processes. The biggest water release is by kindness, less by skin, respiration and stool. Insufficient water threatens by dehydratation. Child{\crq}s body is vulnerable to dehydratation more then adult{\crq}s body. In developing countries 4 -5 millions of children per year die of dehydratation per year. Smaller lack of water is expressed as higher tiredness, inattention or headache. Mucous membrane dries up and has predisposition to penetration of infection and constipation or lack of appetite can appear. Chronic absence of water can be initiatory moment for formation of cholelithiasis and renal stones. Lack of water during school teaching can decline efficiency and capability of concentration. It is well known that drinking of extra sugar beverages leads to egestion of insulin with subsequent rapid decline of blood sugar. High capacity of sugar in lemonade leads to satiety as a consequence of children refusing food. There were used two methods for data collection - direct questioning (in the first and second classes in school) and questionnaire (from the third to ninth classes). Rate of return was 100 per cent. The aim of work is survey of informedness with real children behavior. These hypothesis were verified by research. Hypothesis 1: Children are well informed. Hypothesis 2: Children disobey these information. Hypothesis were confirmed in major part of stand point. I thing that my research brought up new pieces of knowledge concerning drinking regimen at basic schools. Results can be used as basement to next research in this area and extend information concerning this problem or for preparation of prime prevention programs at basic schools.
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The measure information about the osteoporosis problems by women at the age below forty years
KRÝDLOVÁ, Michaela
Abstract Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease, a disease of the bones of the body, which is characterized by a lowered amount of skeletal minerals, decrease of bone density and a changed microstructure of the bones. The effect of these changes is a lowered quality of skeletal tissues and an elevated risk of bone fractures. This risk, being very high, is directly threatening to the patient. Anybody can suffer from osteoporosis, but there are certain groups, much more at risk. The group most often affected by osteoporosis, are women in post-climacteric period of life, i.e. several years past their climacterium. The main factors causing this disease are age, gender, genetics, lack of physical activity, malnourishment, use of harmful substances (smoking, coffee, alcohol), use of some medications, certain endocrinological diseases and diseases of the digestive system, etc. Fundamental significance for prevention and treatment is an adjustment of life-style with sufficient physical activity, correct nutrition, avoiding of harmful substances such as smoking, alcohol and coffee. Regular use of vitamins and minerals as well as regular check-ups may help to prevent the disease. For this study a questionnaire was chosen for data collecting. The questionnaire created for this work included 17 closed and 8 semi-open questions. The total number of 120 questionnaires were distributed, of these 113 were returned, of which 12 were excluded for incompletelesness. The recovery of questionnaires was calculated to 84.2%. The researched group included 101 women between ages 18{--}40 from České Budějovice. The aim of the bachelor work has been accomplished. Hypothesis H1 was proved and H2 disproved. The results will be used as a basis for a seminar about problems with osteoporosis and its prevention intended for non-professionals.
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General public knowledge of health awareness that too much exposure to sunlight and solarium increases the casuality rate of skin melanoma
KODETOVÁ, Věra
Harmfulness of sunrays and solariums has become a very topical problem in the recent time. Excess exposure of skin to sunlight causes premature ageing of skin, creation of deep wrinkles and geriatric stains and is especially accompanied with creation of malignant melanoma. However, people don{\crq}t take this warning seriously. A big part of them still thinks that sun exposure (and sunbathing especially) is healthy and that sunburnt body is a sign of beauty and an expression of fitness. Only the awareness of the real danger and change in bad habits in the form of adequate protection against UV radiation can prevent big damages in the near future. The number of malignant melanoma skin disorders is rising every year. The number of diagnosed melanomas in the Czech Republic has increased four times over the last years. The aim of my work is to find out, how well the public is informed about the harmfulness of sunlight and solarium and how people protects themselves against the harmful effects of UV radiation. I collected the data by the query method in the form of questionnaire filled in by students and employees of a secondary vocational school, students of a vocational college and patients of a dermatology ambulance on random screens. In total, 201 question-forms were evaluated. I assumed four hypotheses, all of which have been proved. The public is adequately informed about the harmfulness of UV radiation. In most cases, people protect themselves against the effects of sunlight using creams with protective factor and sunglasses with UV filter. My assumption that women between the ages of 20 and 40 sunbath in the sun or in a solarium for cosmetic reasons has also been proved. The inadequate awareness of preventive programmes and practises which lead to early detection of skin tumours is, however, alerting. I chose this topic because of my experience from a dermatology ambulance where I work and often meet the harmful effects of UV radiation on human skin. I will use the results of my work to educate patients about the harmful effects of UV radiation. I will especially stress the education about self-investigation of skin and about Euromelanoma day programme, which serves to early diagnose of skin tumour. As I have found out, the public lacks this information. The fact that only early detected tumour is curable is important.
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The problems of drug use in the Romany population
GÁBOROVÁ, Miroslava
The work consists of two parts, theoretical and experimental. The theoretical part deals with the specialities of Romany ethnic minority, it concentrates on the mutual relations among Romanies and majority, present status of Romany community, current drug scene and care system of the drug dependents. The aim of my experimental work has been to look through the life of drug dependent Romanies, to upvalue their situatio, to map the spectrum of drug use and to reveal problems connected with drugs. I also wanted to investigate the possibilities of specific services for Romany drug users and tried to reveal the real causes of low use of current offer by dependent Romanies.
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Public awareness concerning problematic of dementia
GALLASOVÁ, Martina
Public awareness concerning problematic of dementia Dementia is a problem that is socially becoming a very serious topic. Consequently, with the increasing aging of the population, the number of people who are suffering from it is growing. The symptoms of dementia include a decreasing of the intellectual and memory abilities in comparison with the level on which they were acquired before the illness started. Nonetheless dementia does not include the defects in intellect and memory only; it also includes other psychical functions. For example, dementia strongly affects the person in virtually all social situations and has a big impact on the quality of the patient´s life, as well as the life of his/her family and other people that are close to them. In most cases this illness starts very slowly. Thus, diagnosing dementia in advance gives the possibility of an early start of symptomatic treatment as well as maximum use of the therapeutical procedures available nowadays. At the same time it gives patients and their family time to prepare for future health, financial and law problems. The public cannot distinguish the pathological aspects of aging from the normal aspects of aging. Consequently, the usual idea of aging is still a perception that includes forgetting, change of personality and aggression. These symptoms are not the indivisible part of aging, but they can be the symptoms of pathological process. I believe that if the public accepts this fact, it can change its attitude to the elderly. The problem is that the public is still not informed enough. Considering the facts mentioned above which I regard as important, it seems we should make an effort to find out how much the public informed about the problems of dementia. The theoretical part of this work gives the basic information about the problems of dementia. It defines dementia, its epidemiology, etiopatogenezy, and it classifies the different kinds of dementia. It also deals with differential diagnostics, risk factors, diagnostics, treatment and prevention; and it also contains chapters dealing with dementia from the social, financial and law point of view. At the same time it gives information about the present possibilities of help in the institution of social care, and it also gives the list of the organizations in the Czech Republic which offer help in the care of people suffering with dementia. In the practical part of my theses I wanted to find out how much the adult population of Písek is informed about the problems of dementia. I used a method of a standardized questionnaire that consisted of 18 questions; and the research was done on a statistically significant group of adult inhabitants of the town Písek. The total number of distributed questionnaires was 250, 220 were filled in, out of which 25 were filled in a wrong way. The final number was 195 correctly filled in questionnaires that were possible to use. The hypothesis as stated :{\crqq} The adult population in the town of Písek is not informed enough about the problems of dementia{\crqq} has been confirmed, because the respondents were informed about it enough in only 42% of the sub-questions. I believe that it is important to inform the public. It would help to prevent or lower the risk of neglecting and disregard of the warning symptoms of the pathological process of aging. I wish this theses was available to the people working in health and social services and mainly to the public. Such an availability of the material would give them well-arranged basic information about the problems of dementia.
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The Attitude of Czech Consumers to the Organic Food -- Market Research of Organic Food
Bártová, Lucie ; Vávra, Oldřich (advisor) ; Vácha, Petr (referee)
The thesis is engaged in market research of the organic food in the Czech republic. It summarizes basic information about organic food, describes current trends in the ecological agriculture and in the consumption of organic food. The thesis brings results of the consumer audit, which tried to find out consumers' attitude to the organic food and their foreknowledge in this sphere. Part of the thesis is focused on the differences in prices between organic and conventional food.
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