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Meeting the needs of foreign in-patient at the isolation unit of tuberculosis treatment according to the principles of the holism.
STRNKOVÁ, Romana
Abstract:Even today tuberculosis is a major health problem all round the world. The Czech Republic belongs among countries with low incidence of tuberculosis these days. In recent years the representation of foreigners in the total number of patients suffering from tuberculosis in our country has been increasing due to migration. In practice this results in the increase of number of foreigners hospitalized at isolation wards ? units for treating tuberculosis. Due to differences concerning culture, language, eating habits, customs, rituals and traditions, the stay at the isolation ward is for those patients traumatic experience for those patients. Hence, the thesis deals with the issue of meeting the needs of patients ? foreigners hospitalized at isolation ward for treating tuberculosis according to holistic principles. Two objectives were set at the very beginning. The first objective was to find out whether the needs of patients- foreigners hospitalized at isolation wards are met according to holistic principles. The other objective was to find out whether there are differences in the patients´- foreigners´ perception of the hospital environment. The theoretical part deals with holistic approach in patients care, present multicultural nursing, communication in providing nursing care, specificities of nursing at isolation ward and cultural specificities of hospitalized patients. The research part is based on qualitative data collection. An interview, observation and content data analysis were the methods applied in the research. The research set consisted of 5 patients-foreigners, who were hospitalized at isolation wards for treating tuberculosis in Hospital of České Budějovice, plc. and in the Lung Hospital in Humpolec. On the basis of information collected from patients during interviews, case histories were completed and these histories say that during hospitalization patient?s ? foreigner?s needs are met according to holistic principles. However, meeting the needs is to some extend influenced by the necessity to follow hygienic - epidemiological standards, relating to specificities of the ward operation. The environment of the isolation ward is perceived by the patients ? foreigners, due to the cultural and language differences, very intensively. Hospitalization, where these people are in a foreign country isolated from their relatives and friends, influences their behaviour, perception and reactions in a negative way. Language barrier makes the problem even worse. We are able to provide multicultural friendly care respecting opinions, traditions, habits and cultural specificities of an individual and non- traumatic adaptation to new environment in hospital.
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Treatment of vascular input for patients on hemodialysis department as a nursing problem
ŠTRBOVÁ, Kateřina
The bachelor?s thesis focuses on current problems of dialyzed patients with a dialysis catheter. A properly functioning catheter and minimum complications during its use form essential preconditions of the dialysis treatment. Emphasis is put on observance of aseptic approach when handling the dialysis catheter. The aim of the thesis is to find out whether nurses observe the treatment standard when treating the blood vessel entries and if the nurses of a standard ward find the handling of the catheter for hemodialysis problematic. The objective is also to map the most problematic area of blood vessel entries from the nurses? view. The following research queries result from the objectives set above. 1. Do the nurses observe the treatment standard when treating the blood vessel entries? 2. Do the nurses of a standard ward find the handling of the hemodialysis catheter problematic? 3. What is the most problematic area of blood vessel entries treatment from the view of the nurses? The qualitative research was carried out by means of hidden observation. Participants of the research included 5 nurses from the dialysis centre of Fresenius Medical Care in Benešov and 5 nurses from the internal medicine ward of Nemocnice Rudolfa a Stefanie a.s. (Hospital of Rudolf and Stefanie) in Benešov. The observation was supplemented by an anonymous survey carried out also at the dialysis centre and at a standard internal medicine ward. Hypotheses can be set based on the obtained results. The medical treatment standard for treatment of blood vessel entries is not observed by all nurses, the standard ward nurses find handling the hemodialysis catheter difficult and the most problematic area of the treatment of blood vessel entries is the failure to observe the aseptic procedures during the treatment as well as the fact that patients do not get extra bandage material for home use. The research results shall serve for preparation of a draft for the medical treatment standard ??Medical treatment for dialysis catheter??. The draft can be presented to medical management of the given wards to achieve higher quality of treatment of patients with dialysis catheter.
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Rating the quality of nursing care
SEDLÁČKOVÁ, Eva
Abstrakt The title of this bachelor degree thesis is ?Evaluation of quality of nursing care". There are many definitions of quality depending on the individual authors. However, all the definitions have one thing in common. It is the patient and his requirements that represent the main criteria of quality. The objective of the thesis was to find out about the satisfaction of patients with the provided nursing care at the gastroenterology ward. The objective has been met. The patient´s satisfaction is subjective and it is related to the ability to satisfy the patient´s needs. Satisfaction is measured against client´s expectations. If the expectations are exceeded the level of satisfaction is usually high; if the expectations are not met the level of satisfaction is low and the patient is frustrated. The research part of the thesis used a quantitative method. The survey consisted of a questionnaire developed based on information found in specialized literature. We formulated three hypotheses and after evaluation of research results all of them have been confirmed. The results of the research are shown in form of diagrams. The surveyed group consisted of patients hospitalizes at the gastroenterology ward in the hospital in České Budějovice (Nemocnice České Budějovice a. s.). The research has shown that most of the patients are satisfied with the provided nursing care. In practice the results of the thesis may be used for publishing in specialized literature. The contribution of the thesis consists in the mapping of satisfaction of patients with the nursing care provided at the gastroenterology ward and the results of patient satisfaction represent an excellent feedback for the nursing stuff. The findings from this thesis will be provided to the management of the gastroenterology ward and they should serve as an input for reflections on the nursing care.
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Specifics of nursing documentation in providing nursing care foreign patients
KUBIŠOVÁ, Pavla
Abstract This diploma work?s title is ?Special Characteristics of Nursing Care Documentation at Providing Foreign Patients with Nursing Care?. Nursing care documentation is very important, which statement represents general consent of all medical officers of health however the aforementioned nursing care documentation is rather complicated and disunited and uncoordinated. The greatest problem that appears here consists in needs being different taking into consideration culture, country, which the person (patient) comes from and the patient?s religion that the patient practices. Therefore it is important to bring order and consolidate all relevant pieces of information and think over nationwide use of this important data containing foreign patient characteristics. At present paying attention to this problem is worth not only noticing but also solving it because due to increasing migration to and within the Czech Republic territory it is expected that there will be a lot of different cultures as well as nationalities and medical personnel is expected high level of nursing care taking account of their needs. In the beginning there were set the following two goals: To ascertain whether the existing nursing documentation contains specific pieces of information necessary for providing nursing care for foreign patients and to determine whether it is necessary to make specific pieces information regarding foreign patients an integral part of nursing documentation. Three research questions were established at the same time then. The first research question focused on the fact whether the documentation having been used in hospitals was adapted to satisfy biological, psychical, social and spiritual needs of foreign patients. Thanks to the research question number two we made effort to ascertain and identify whether the documentation applied and being used in hospitals covers also the specific documentation oriented to foreign patients. The third and last research question solved the problem whether it is necessary that specific pieces of information dealing with foreign patients should be an integral part of nursing documentation. Inquiry check and examination were carried out by applying method of qualitative examination by means of non-standard interview and during the second part of interview data analysis was used. The research samples were represented by nurses working at hospital wards in the hospitals within South Bohemia Region, West Bohemia Region, Central Bohemia Region and North Moravia Region. Applying interview forms processed the pieces of information provided by nurses. The inquiry checks and examinations showed that the nursing documentation used in the hospital wards does not contain in sufficient scope the pieces of information oriented to the foreign patients and foreign clients which results in foreign patients and clients not satisfying biological, psychical, social and spiritual needs. It follows from this that nurses working at hospital wards do not have available and at their disposal the documentation related to the foreign clients and patients and dealing with the foreign clients? needs ? the existing nursing documentation is only one and it is applied and used for all hospital clients i.e. it is uniform. It is possible to make the conclusion that the first goal having been established has been met and the same hold good for the second one. In the connection and context with pieces of knowledge having been ascertained we should like to recommend that nurses working at hospital wards should have the possibility of getting familiar with multicultural nursing and it would be advisable and appropriate to provide nursing documentation oriented to foreign clients coming from foreign countries. It appears important from the point of view to satisfy the needs of these clients, which will bring nursing care new higher quality.
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The Difference in the Relation of the Nursing Mentor to the Students of Bachelor and Master Education Program.
ALTMANOVÁ, Marie
The master thesis named {\clqq}Differences in the relationships between nurse mentors and Bachelor´s and Master´s degree students`` is divided into the theoretical and practical part. In the practical part it was discovered with the aid of the qualitative research, that the nurse mentors does not see differences in the relationships between Bachelor´s and Master´s degree students. The hypothesis stating that the students of Master´s degree programmes enjoy better relationships with mentors than the students of Bachelor´s degree programmes has been disconfirmed. The interviews with the mentors showed that one of the factors affecting the relationships of the nurse mentors to the Master´s and Bachelor´s degree students is the lack of time they have for the students. The results of the questionnaires confirmed the hypothesis stating that the most frequent factor which affects the relationships of students to the mentor is the mentor{\crq}s attention given to them.
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The awareness of nurses working in anestesiology-resuscitation wards and intensive care units about competences determined in regulation No. 424/2004 Coll.
MARTÍNKOVÁ, Petra
This paper investigates the competences of nurses on staff of the anesthesiology & resuscitation departments and the intensive care units as such competences are defined in Decree 424/2004 Coll. The paper has been split into two sections: theoretical and practical. The theoretical section looks into the roles and competencies assigned to the non-specialized nurses and to those who have completed a specialism course, specifically the "intensive-care general nurses", and describes the kinds of patients hospitalized at the mentioned departments. The paper aimed (1) to examine the extent to which the nurses were informed on their competencies following from Decree 424/2004 Coll. and (2) to find out how consistent the nurses were in adhering to what the Decree required. A questionnaire-based survey was conducted at the Brno Faculty Hospital, the Pilsen-Lochotín Faculty Hospital, and the St. Anne Faculty Hospital in Brno; moreover, the questionnaires were distributed among the nurses also using an internet social network. At the early stage of the work the authors formulated two hypotheses: (1) the nurses are not familiar with all their competencies; and (2) the nurses fail to observe the competencies following from the Decree specified above. With the questionnaires answered and the answers evaluated, both the hypotheses proved to be true. The nurses were found not familiar with all their competencies and not performing all that the Decree allowed. We believe the paper could be instrumental in enhancing the vocational education of nurses and, consequently, in could improve the quality of nursing care provided at the anesthesiology & resuscitation departments and the intensive care units.
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A university educated nurse at the nursing unit - expectations and reality
LESZKOWOVÁ, Dana
Each era has its requirements for the level of education and training system for nursing staff. A person who wants to succeed in his/her profession needs appropriate knowledge, skills and education. The requirements for education are determined by technical possibilities and political arrangement of the society. In the past nurses got along on herbs and knowledge passed from one generation to another. The present time is an era of computers and enormous technical progress. Along with unbelievable developments in technology also the content of the nursing profession has changed. The nursing profession is now becoming a full-fledged and independent scientific discipline. This progress is increasing the requirements for education of healthcare personnel. It requires professionals with university education. The objective of the bachelor thesis has been to identify the expectations of nurses while studying at a university and the reality after they start working at the nursing unit. Six research questions were formulated in the thesis. The thesis used a qualitative method of research. The data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews. The interviews consisted of 25 basic questions, while some questions were complemented with additional questions. The interviews were recorded in a written form and subsequently processed. The interviews were processed into case studies. The most important results of the research have been processed into categorization tables. The research group consisted of 10 respondents who worked in different types of healthcare facilities in Prachatice, České Budějovice and in Prague. The research indicates that most of the nurses have used in practice the new knowledge acquired in the course of their studies. The results of the thesis may serve as an incentive for further quantitative research.
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The attitude of nursing branch students at South Bohemia University - Health Care and Social Studies Faculty to paliative care.
MAŠKOVÁ, Vlasta
Thesis title: Approach to palliative care among nursing care students of the Faculty of Health and Social Studies of the South Bohemian University. This bachelor thesis is dedicated to students undergoing their practical training in St. Jan Nepomuk Neumann Hospice in Prachatice. I decided to choose this topic for several reasons. Hospices are often discussed nowadays, they are massively publicized and numerous charity events are held for hospices. Nevertheless people do not have confidence in hospices, they are afraid of them. This might be the first reason. The other one is my own experience with students coming to the hospice for their practical training. I work in the hospice as a ward sister and am in everyday contact with the students. Unfortunately most of the students are persuaded at the beginning of their training that death comes every day to this ?house?. They have fear and cannot imagine how to cope with this situation during a fortnight stay?! The aim of our research was to find out whether the present studies influence the attitudes to the incurably ill among the students. Whether their attitudes change after the theoretical and practical training. We set two basic questions to reach the goal. 1: How does theoretical schooling of palliative care influence the attitudes of students to the care for the incurably ill in the hospice? 2: How does practical training of palliative care influence the attitudes of students to the care for the incurably ill in the hospice? The research was implemented in two phases: before the start of theoretical schooling of palliative care and after the practical training in the hospice. We used the experiment method; a deep interview with student was the questioning technique. The research sample consisted of 5 full-time students of the Faculty of Health and Social Studies of the South Bohemian University, specialization of general nurse. After processing the responses we found out that the attitude to the care for the dying had not changed a lot after theoretical schooling. The students feel lack of theoretical information that would help them eliminate the fear of unknown situation, fear of pain, fear of everyday confrontation with death and dying people. They also do not feel prepared for communication with the close relatives of the dying people. They are convinced that there is not enough time for such a complicated topic like care for incurably ill people in the schooling. Practical training in the hospice changes the attitudes of the students to the incurably ill. They were provided more information on the palliative-hospice care. They assess their own attitudes to the care of the terminally ill more positively and they no longer talk about fear and uncertainty. They would like to have more personal experience with communication with the patients and their families. The goal of the research was met. The present studies do influence students? attitudes to palliative care of the incurably ill in a hospice. However the fear of this not really new field still prevails. Changes only occur after practical training. The research results may be used for grasping the students? feelings, for possible modification of the didactics and methodology of theoretical and practical training in palliative care. The elaborated informational brochure might also help students choose practical placement and make the start of the practical training in an inpatient hospice easier.
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Specific nursing care for clients of the Japanese minority
HRÁZSKÁ, Kateřina
Abstract It is well known that many different minorities are living in the territory of the Czech Republic, one of which is a Japanese minority. Healthcare professionals should have sufficient information about this not-very-numerous minority to ensure the provision of high-quality nursing care. This thesis is entitled ? Specifics of nursing care for clients/patients from the Japanese minority? and comprises two main parts. The first theoretical part describes the Japanese, their culture, habits and language, communication in multicultural nursing, and the nursing process and educational activities of nurses in the multicultural nursing environment. The second part covers research identifying the specifics of the Japanese minority in the area of nursing care. Experiences of the clients/patients from this minority with hospitalization in healthcare facilities and with the provision of specific nursing care in the Czech Republic were also examined. The qualitative form of investigation was used in this work. Data was obtained from a semi-structural interview with four members of the Japanese minority living in the Czech Republic. The interview contained 86 questions compiled according to the conceptual models for nursing practice by Gordon and Leininger. Based on the data obtained, case records were prepared and processed into categorization tables. After evaluating the results of the investigation, the following 4 hypotheses were formulated: H1 The Japanese minority has special dietary habits. H2 Patients from the Japanese minority have had a positive experience with hospitalization in the Czech Republic. H3 No language barrier exists in patients from the Japanese minority. H4 Patients from the Japanese minority have no specific requirements for nursing care. The results of the investigation were summarized in the Manual of Nursing Care for clients/patients from the Japanese minority, with the main objective of facilitating healthcare professionals´provision of nursing care for these patients/clients.
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