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Special teaching procedures in the art education for a pupil with autistic spectrum disorder in the third year of primary school
WEDLOVÁ, Kamila
The main goal of the bachelor thesis theme Special teaching method at art education for students education with autism spectrum disorder in 3rd grade of elementary school was to create structural methods what should help to integrated student with their work in art education. Bachelor thesis is divided into the theoretical and practical part. Theoretical part consists of for chapters. First chapter described characteristic of autism spectrum disorder in general. Second charter deals with development and differences of children drawing at intact persons, differences development of drawing at children with autism spectrum disorder. Third chapter is devoted to art education. Goals and expected outputs of art lessons regarding General educative program for elementary school are listed in annex of thesis. There are described methods of work with student with autism spectrum disorder at art education in last chapter. Special pedagogical methods based on structural teaching are described there. Goal of practical part was to create structural methods for education of art of selected students with autism spectrum disorder on the first level of elementary school. To preparation of methodical procedures were set main goals: Find out if chosen student with autism spectrum disorder is able to work during art lessons without structural procedure. To find out how is the structural procedure profitable for the student. To find out what used art techniques best fit to chosen students. To find out if the chosen student with autism spectrum disorder includes his interests into the art expressions. The structural methods were consequently applied in lessons of art. For usage of work were chosen students of third grade. To collecting of data was used method of observation, semi-structural interview with assistant of chosen student's teacher. By analysis of reached data were setup criterions for preparation methodical steps. From observation appears that structural methods for art education at chosen students with autism spectrum disorder were successful and were useful for better motivation in activity, concentration, independence, development of imagination, than help to reduction of impropriate behave (shouting, stand out of desk). Used art techniques shows as suitable. Respondents didn't project their interests into the art expression. Thesis contains own structural methods with preparation of activities. Thesis also contains annexes with photos of respondent's works.
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World through eyes of people with autism - qualitative study of everyday life of an autistic person
ZÁLESKÁ, Helena
My work is focused on perceive reality through autistic view and their subjective perception. Part one consists and explains of basic terms of autism spectrum disorders problems. Part two is methodology. It consists of a study which tries to answer research questions. Two techniques are used interview and observation. Respondents are split in two groups in first group are children, which responded themselves, in second group responded parents of children as they were not able to respond themselves. Part three provides work summary, processing the results of the research. It highlights the most important areas of the entire research. Those are analyzed and completed by relevant literature.
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Social and psychological aspects of care of child with autistic spectrum disorder
SMOLOVÁ, Magdalena
This thesis aims on care for child with autism in family. First part is about psychological aspects and sums up klasification autistic disorder, diagnosis and importance of way how is diagnosis told to parents of disabled child. Furthermore this part charakterizes influence caring for child with autism on psychologic health of parents, discuses risks and protective factors which are important in overcoming problems that are connected with this situation. Second part describes social aspects which may influence decesion making of parents about way of caring for child with autism. There are explained opinions of public and church. Special attention is placed on families needs caring for child with autism. Third part discuses parental dilema in decesion about way of how to manage care for their child with autism and exlains some ethical issues of these decesions. There are a lot of factors determinating decesions of parents and the same factors can influence different families in completly different ways. If we sum up theoretical informations and practical experiences we can say that decesion of parents about care for their child cannot be objectively judged, it can be only accepted.
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Development of communication and social skills in children with autism Group social skills training and communication of children with autism at a young age
KOPFOVÁ, Markéta
The bachelor thesis focuses on issues of the communication and social skills development at the children with Autism at their younger school age. This bachelor thesis should provide a comprehensive overview of the issue. There are characterized specific problems occuring at those children and their consequences in the everyday life and there is also described their behaviour and explained a basis on which we should approach to them. In the theoretical part generally I am trying to give the most important information relating to this topic, which should serve as a specific summary of findings even for the lay public. The greatest contribution of this thesis should be a creation of my own methodological material for a group training of social skills for children with the autism spectrum disorders, oriented to children at the younger school age. These methodological sheets could be used by special education teachers for the trainings of social skills in various facilities or centres or they could serve to parents who would like to develop their children´s abilities and skills in their home environment. The aim of this thesis was to create the own methodological material for the group social skills training of the children with Autism at the younger school age and then to verify it in practice. To obtain all the information about individual clients it was necessary to study all the available documentation I got from the Special Educational Centre on basis of a written consent of the parents. For additional information I interviewed the parents. In the empirical part there I devoted to my own ideas for the group social skills trainings. These trainings were conducted in the Special Educational Centre and they were divided into ten sessions held once a week for one hour. I worked with five children who have the autism spectrum disorder and they were aged from 6 to 12 years. These trainings were focused on the most significant problem areas at these children. Each time I specified a different problem area and tried to improve it. Nevertheless all the ideas have in common the fact, that they have been unified by a theme of the friendship. This created material could serve as a methodological tool of the social skills training for the special education teachers, parents and organizations dealing with children with the autism issues.
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Ethical aspects of care for a child with autism spectrum disorder (communication with parents, grandparents, etc.)
PLOCKOVÁ, Lenka
The Diploma Thesis addresses Ethical aspects of care of children with autism spectrum disorders (communication with parents, grandparents, etc.). The research results revealed that parents usually noticed their children?s handicap during the first three years of the children?s life, when children started to show various problems associated with the autism spectrum disorders. Parents agreed that, at the time, the most difficult thing was to cope with the handicap of their children and the symptoms of such handicap. Most parents also stated that it was very difficult to cope with the information about the diagnosis; this process took them a long time. According to parents, the following would be most helpful: information from specialists, contact with parents of children with similar handicaps, support, help of others in their environment, hope, contact to an organization that could help them/give them practical advice and instructions with regard to communication with children and their development. Parents of children with the handicap find contact with parents of children with similar handicaps very important. The following problems associated with the autism spectrum disorders are viewed as the most significant by parents: problems with communication, inability of socialization, stereotype behavior, hyperactivity, possible self-harm, mood changes, but also impenetrability of the world of children with autism spectrum disorders. According to some parents, the diagnostics of their children was not in order. Their children?s autism was not recognized by physicians and parents had to arrange a specialized diagnostic examination on their own. In case of some children, autism spectrum disorders were recognized by a general practitioner for children and youth, who recommended a visit to a child psychiatrist, where diagnostics took place. In these cases, parents were not given any opportunity to give questions to physicians and, moreover, they did not receive much information about the handicap of their children. Parents had to look for important information on the internet or in specialized literature. Furthermore, autism spectrum disorders were not sufficiently explained by physicians to some parents. Parents received information about the consequences of this type of handicap from a special pedagogue, psychologist, or worker of an organization that provides social services to children with autism spectrum disorders and their parents. Moreover, some parents were not given any contact to organizations providing care or consulting to children with this type of handicap. Most parents view the approach of physicians to their children as negative. Children with autism spectrum disorders most frequently visit a child psychiatrist; some children also see a child neurologist. According to parents, physicians only communicate with them and do not focus on their children at all. However, only one half of parents informed their physicians about the way they can communicate with their children. Parents usually prepare for the doctor?s appointment using photographs and pictures that illustrate the visit or its individual steps. A hospitalization of children with the autism spectrum disorder usually took place with their mothers, who rate it as standard, with no problems to address during such hospitalization. Health professionals mostly communicated with mothers and tried to respect the child?s habits.
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Preferences of Social Services for Parents of Children with a Spectrum of Autistic Disorders in South Bohemia Region
KARÁSKOVÁ, Pavla
Social services and generally all activities intended for children with autism spectrum disorders are so specific that they should be tailored to each child. Since it is clear that this can never be achieved, parents should have an opportunity to choose a service that is most beneficial for their child. They know their child better than anyone else in the world so their opinions should be used as the main guideline for planning the social services development. As a matter of fact, this does not apply only to children with autism spectrum disorders but to any children who receive social services. Therefore, the opinions of parents, in this particular case the parents of children with autism spectrum disorders, constitute the major contents of my research which I tried to process as objectively as possible. I understand all who refused to take part in the research because they have many other things to worry about and I am grateful to all who took part and believe together with me that if problems are discussed, a change might be achieved. Parents of children with autism spectrum disorders whom I have met so far rank among people who do not waste their time on futile and trivial matters. These people humbly bear their lot and take care of their children with love. The society should appreciate people like that and assist them as much as possible. In order to process the thesis I used technical literature and the Internet sources relating to this topic. The first chapter briefly characterizes certain autism spectrum disorders, such as childhood autism, atypical autism, Asperger syndrome, other disintegrative disorder, Rett syndrome and other pervasive developmental disorders, as well as the needs and skills of children with an autism spectrum disorder. If developed, preferably under professional guidance in special centres, these skills can help the children to lead their life more easily and be more self-reliant, thus easing their parents of their burden considerably, which they certainly deserve. I also selected certain social services from the Social Services Act 108/2006 of the Collection of Laws of the Czech Republic (Coll.) and Regulation 505/2006 Coll., implementing certain provisions of the Social Services Act, which would be suitable for these children due to the contents of the activities. However, I wish neither to impose these services on anyone nor disrespect the importance of any services not stated in this thesis. The second chapter describes the objectives of the thesis and formulates the hypotheses, and the third chapter describes the methodological procedure. The fourth chapter is focused on the results of the research, prevailingly shown in charts, statistical evaluation and verification of the hypotheses. The fifth chapter contains a discussion on the needs and satisfaction of respondents, and a comparison with specialized sources. In the conclusion I tried to summarize the opinions of respondents and my opinions. Like anyone else, parents of children with ASD have various character and personality features. Someone is rather modest, someone is more demanding. There is no one in the world to please everybody. An attachment contains a printed questionnaire used for the research. I also used an electronic form of the questionnaire that contained the same data as the printed one so I am not providing a reference to it. Another attachment contains a list of certain social services providers that provide various services including services for persons with autism spectrum disorders.
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Education of pupils with childhood autism
JANTOŠOVÁ, Petra
Legislation currently enables developing teaching methods for every child with special needs taking into account the child's specific possibilities and capabilities. The choice of suitable individual teaching methods and techniques for every child is a major factor of success in education and is equally needed in the education of pupils with childhood autism. The theoretical part of the Bachelor thesis deals with childhood autism in context of autistic spectrum disorders, childhood autism being one of them. The thesis describes the characteristics of this disorder and its variable, not autism-specific features, mentioning diagnostics with regard to teaching pupils suffering from childhood autism and describing a family with an autistic child and its role in education. Increased attention is paid to the possibilities in teaching pupils with child autism within the existing system of education and, above all, to educational methods used with children suffering from this disorder. The aim of the practical part of the thesis was to establish what methods are included in teaching pupils with childhood autism. Another objective was to check the educational techniques applied with this group of pupils in a family setting. A qualitative research has been chosen as the method of gathering information. Data was collected via semi-structured interviews conducted across a selected sample of respondents. Interviews were conducted with two respondent groups using predefined questions. The first group consisted of selected special education teachers educating pupils with childhood autism and the second group was comprised of selected parents whose children suffer from this disorder. The results of the thesis contain processed interviews with selected respondents from both groups, subsequently supported by a well-arranged table. The results of the research provide information about what methods are used to teach pupils with childhood autism in a school and a family setting. The thesis also presents opinions of specialists and parents of autistic children regarding educational techniques and their practical usage and application. The results of the research are subsequently compared mutually and also against specialised information sources. The research performed as part of this thesis revealed that structured teaching is the most frequently included technique in teaching pupils with childhood autism, with each pupil individually, depending on his possibilities and capabilities. Further application of educational methods in teaching pupils with childhood autism matches with what can be found in literature and the theoretical part of the thesis. Apart from structured teaching, educators use methods like global reading when working with this group of pupils, plus elements of problematic behaviour therapy and social skills training, Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS), computer software and pictograms. Interviews with parents confirmed that structured teaching is also the most frequently applied technique in a family setting. Parents choose methods according to their children's needs and try following their emotions and what they consider best for their child. Families as well as schools use structured learning on an individual basis as per the child's needs and parents also use the global reading method and computer software. Families, at the same time, commonly use the elements Son-rise method in combination with alternative teaching of Maria Montessori which may be seen as a certain difference to the application of educational methods at schools. No major differences between the family and the school setting have been identified with respect to educational methods used in teaching pupils with childhood autism. This Bachelor thesis provides and insight into the application of teaching methods by families and schools where pupils suffering from childhood autism receive their education.
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Ethical aspects of leading persons with autism spectrum disorders
HOŘEJŠOVÁ, Petra
The thesis addresses ethical aspects of upbringing and educating persons with autism spectrum disorders, focusing particularly on integrating them in a normal school. In the theoretical part the terms related to ASD issues are defined and specific behavior and expressions of children with autism and Asperger?s syndrome are described. This thesis is dedicated particularly to these individuals and to their integration to a normal school. Therefore this part of the thesis deals with the field of education and upbringing of these persons and it describes the educational principles, methods and strategies that are being used in this field. The thesis concentrates on ethical aspects of leading persons with autism spectrum disorder and therefore the theoretical part deals also with ethical aspects of education and upbringing and defines terms related to ethics. There are two case studies in the practical part of the thesis that show the problems and ethical dilemmas related to integrating pupils with ASD into a regular high school from the point of view of a teaching assistant. The thesis emphasizes the need for ethical education and ethical code in the education system that would guarantee that persons with ASD are led not only professionally, but also ethically.
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Integration of persons with disabilities autism spectrum to the intact group
SOSNOVÁ, Petra
The work deals with the problems of people with autism spectrum disorders and their individual and group integration. The first part of my paper deals with the general characteristics of the different types of autism spectrum disorders, their problem areas, which is a social behavior, communication and imagination and play. The important part is the chapter on integration, which aims to become familiar with its characteristics, possibilities and related legislation. The empirical part deals with the influence of the triad of behavioral manifestations of a child with high-functioning autistic child and a description of their impact on the area of individual and group integration over four years of experience. In this work is shown and described healthy development of the child, with which it is compared individual and group integration. For better orientation is the development of all three lines of development recorded in the chart.
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Educational learning process of the students with Rett syndrome
VOMOČILOVÁ, Michaela
My diploma thesis is focused on educational and pedagogical process of students with Rett Syndrome. In its theoretic part, I describe Rett Syndrome as a clinical picture and a diagnostics and a therapy. The practical part of the thesis focuses on three main aims: to determine a certain number of students with Rett Syndrome in the Czech Republic, further to discover these students{\crq} educational and pedagogical process, and finally, to demonstrate a concrete form of this process on two casuistries. All of aims were realized. What follows from my survey is that the students are mostly educated according to the educational Rehabilitation program used for remedial schools; this means that no specific educational and pedagogical program for the children with Rett Syndrome has been created so far. According to my observation, the girls are schooled in autistic classes or in classes of children with combined handicaps, also in special elementary schools and preschool institutions.
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