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Need of a resuscitation standard in inpatient medical facilities
DLOUHÁ, Hana
The diploma paper presents a brief overview of the development of resuscitation in the world and current recommendations for resuscitation by the European Resuscitation Council. Also included is a description of basic diagnosis of a sudden cardiac arrest, providing vital functions, including the use of alternative materials and the problems of resuscitation in hospitals. Providing effective resuscitation is reflected in the quality of care provided, which is much emphasized nowadays, especially for the accreditation of medical facilities and the creation of standards for nursing care. The objective of this paper is to determine and compare the extent of knowledge of nurses in the inpatient departments of emergency cardiopulmonary resuscitation at two hospitals, one of which uses a standard resuscitation. Another objective is to create a resuscitation standard for nurses at inpatient departments, submit it to involved nurses for assessment and to determine to what extent the created resuscitation standard contributes to the work of nurses who have not used it yet. The first research question is: How do nurses view the newly created standard? The second research question is: Will nurses appreciate the contribution of the created standard? A given hypothesis implies a greater knowledge of nurses who use the resuscitation standard, than nurses who do not use it. The first phase used a quantitative survey using the questionnaire technique; skills and knowledge of nurses were mapped at two medical facilities, one of which uses a resuscitation standard valid for the entire facility. The questionnaire included 34 items, 21 questions dealt with the knowledge of nurses surveyed, and 13 questions mapped demographic data, work organization and the respondents{\crq} workplace experiences with resuscitation. Based on the results of the quantitative survey, the hypothesis has been confirmed. The results also unveil weaknesses in the training of medical personnel at both hospitals and the surveyed nurses{\crq} knowledge. In the second phase of the survey, nurses who did not have a resuscitation standard were presented with the resuscitation standard version for assessment. The assessment of the standard was carried out with qualitative survey using semi-standardized interviews with senior nurses at nursing stations. These nurses assessed the presented resuscitation standard positively; they welcome its presence and see its benefits in improving nursing care.
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Standard of non-pharmacological relieve and evaluation of pain by newborn and suckling children
PAVLÁSKOVÁ, Ilona
The importance of this thesis lies in finding about the current state of pain assessment and palliation at neonatal and infant wards of selected hospitals, in finding out about the extent of use of standardized rating scales for pain, in identifying the obstacles in pain assessment and non-pharmacological pain palliation, and particularly in the development of a standard for pain assessment and pain palliation for neonatal and infant hospital wards.
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Formation of Nursing Documentation and its Usage in the Home for Seniors Chýnov
CHAMROVÁ, Anna
Nursing documentation is becoming an important part of the medical documentation and it is an integral part of the nursing process in the homes for seniors too. The theoretical part of the Bachelor thesis ``Formation of Nursing Documentation and its Usage in the Home for Seniors Chýnov{\crqq} contains chapters concerning the nursing process and nursing documentation. Further this part deals with the characteristics of the Home for Seniors Chýnov and with the specific problems and needs of geriatric clients in particular the clients suffering from Alzheimer dementia. The target of the work is to make nursing documentation in the Home for Seniors Chýnov, to apply it in this establishment and to find out whether the availability of this documentation influences the holistic attitude of nurses to the client. The first stage of the research part involved formation of the new documentation and its application in the Home for Seniors. The respondents had an opportunity to work with the documentation in the months of January and February 2010. In the second part we tried to survey opinions of the respondents of the made documentation. Four research questions were preceding the research. Research question number 1: Shall the nurses working in the Home for Seniors Chýnov accept the newly made documentation as a part of the medical documentation? Research question number 2: Shall the nurses working in the Home for Seniors Chýnov refer to time consuming work with the documentation? Research question number 3: Has the new documentation influenced communication among the members of the nursing staff? Research question number 4: Shall the newly made documentation contribute to the change of the nurses´ opinion of the patients from the holistic philosophy point of view? To fulfil the set aims there was carried out the qualitative research using the method of questioning and semi-standardized interview. The research set consisted of 7 respondents (general nurses) working in this establishment. Considering the research results we suppose that the work target has been fulfilled. The research has proved that the newly made documentation has improved communication among the members of the nursing team and the nurses have accepted it as a part of the medical documentation. The aim of the work was making a quality nursing documentation which should be simple, not time consuming and which should be focused on specific needs of the clients of the Home for Seniors Chýnov. The thesis has practical contribution.
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History and the present of nurses´ education in the South Bohemia
HUBOVÁ, Vilma
Modern nursing has its roots in the past. It has undergone an enormous change moving from the original tending approach of sick-nursing to organized activities based on professional training of nurses. This study gives a historical account of the nursing development from 1945 to the present and describes the opportunities of nurse training. The aim was to describe the development of nurse education in the Region of South Bohemia in individual periods of time. It is a qualitative research using the secondary data analysis method and depth interviews with a number of nurses who graduated from nursing schools in the fifties and the sixties of the last century. The study shows the development of nurse education in the Region of South Bohemia until 1989 and continues with describing the innovation of educational programmes in nursing schools after 1989. It analyses syllabuses of nursing schools in the past and compares them to the present ones. The study shows how the nurse education has developed from the past to the present. It compares and presents opportunities of persons who are interested in nursing studies and also compares the contents of curricula. It is a historically comparative study.
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Risks concerning malnutrition and obesity in the nursing process
HORČIČKOVÁ, Marie
The care for nutrition of patients is given more attention these days than before. Patients with malnutrition and obesity represent a huge nursing problem in internal and surgical fields. In this thesis we focused on nursing process in clients with malnutrition and obesity. The research was quantitative, for the data collection the anonymous questionnaires addressed to nurses were used. It was carried out in internal and surgical departments and departments of follow-up care in hospitals in Písek and Tábor. 120 questionnaires were distributed, in each hospital 60, to particular departments 20. 95 (100 %) questionnaires were used for the research. In the thesis seven objectives were stated. The objectives were focused on carrying out the nursing process in clients with malnutrition and obesity, the most frequent nursing problems in these patients and the awareness of nursing staff in the problems of malnutrition and obesity. Seven hypotheses linked to the objectives were stated. The research showed that nurses meet the clients with malnutrition and obesity in all mentioned departments. Most nurses consider the care for these patients very demanding. It is pleasant that the part of nursing documentation is nutritional screening, which is carried out during an admission of each client. Further the research showed that for these clients no valid nursing standard, which would improve nursing process, has been carried out yet. In clients with malnutrition the most frequent nursing problems are decubital ulcers and in clients with obesity sore spots. Information on the problems of malnutrition and obesity is gained at professional seminars and conferences. Nursing process in patients with malnutrition or obesity is demanding and it is necessary to have a sensitive and considerate approach. The results of the thesis will be used to make nursing staff acquainted with these problems.
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Motivation for education of healthcare assistants with regard to their future practice
ŠMÍDOVÁ, Jaroslava
After accession to the European Union and adoption of Act No. 96/2004 Collection, on non-medical healthcare professions, changes occurred, which concern mainly nurses. These changes affect mainly administration and competences of the nurses. The act currently differentiates between and defines the procedures of secondary educated staff as procedures without special supervision and procedures with special supervision, and also defines the process for obtaining the certificate for the performance of a profession without special supervision based on the credit system. In practise this means that if the health care assistant does not achieve a higher or university level education, he/she cannot work independently without any special supervision. And it is the interpretation of the term without special supervision and with special supervision that is the subject of discussion. The nurses refuse to be responsible for the work of somebody else and present this attitude openly. The main goal of this bachelor thesis is to find out what motivates current healthcare assistants to work in healthcare and what their approach to education is, which should be an integral part of their life. There was also a discussion as to whether the information about the speciality, provided to basic school children, is appropriate for such a life-long decision as the selection of occupation. There were two hypotheses established during the investigation. H1: The pupils of the basic schools have no information about studying in Nursing Schools, H2: The students are motivated for further education and H3: The graduates of the Nursing Schools want to study in order to improve their qualification in the higher level schools. Based on a questionnaire, all established hypotheses were confirmed and the goal of the thesis was accomplished. The research was therefore successful. Obtained information may be used mainly for improving the approach while providing information to the pupils in the basic schools before their decision about the choice of profession, since the education advisers are interested in the results obtained. For teachers in the secondary schools, this knowledge will be useful to improve motivation of students for future professions
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Incorporation of university graduated nurses into the multidisciplinary team.
MINAŘÍK, Martin
My bachelor thesis {\clqq}Integration of university-educated nurses into multidisciplinary teams``deals with integration of nurses into working teams where such cooperation takes place. The theoretical part of the thesis refers to the history of nursing, the today´s conditions for this profession, roles played by nurses and relations they have to cope with. The thesis outlines the concepts of team, medical multidisciplinary team and advantages of multidisciplinarity. It also points to potential pathological phenomena in case of poor acceptance and cooperation. University-educated nurses have been working in various departments as members of nursing teams, as well as multidisciplinary teams. The first objective of my thesis was to find out whether university-educated nurses are included into multidisciplinary teams. The second objective of my thesis was to find out how the university-educated nurses are accepted by medical doctors. A quantitative method using anonymous questionnaires was used to collect the data and to meet the established objectives; the questionnaire was developed based on information obtained from professional literature and it was divided into two sections. The first section contained questions for all members of the multidisciplinary teams and the other section was intended specifically for the university-educated nurses. The results of the quantitative survey have shown that university-educated nurses have been included into teams, i.e. the hypothesis - The university-educated nurses are included into multidisciplinary teams - has been confirmed. The second hypothesis {--} The university-educated nurses are not accepted by medical doctors - has been also confirmed. On the contrary, the third hypothesis - University-educated nurses are accepted by nurses with secondary education - has not been confirmed.Results of this thesis may be used by the higher and top management of the surveyed hospital and they should be also used for improvement of care of the clients.
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Task of nurse in support of care about ill senior in a family
MRÁZOVÁ, Lucie
Old age is a natural part of our lives. Poetically, it is considered to be its autumn. Aging is a natural process and in nature it can be observed at every living creature. Everything is aging, and also we are becoming old. These days, longevity is an indicator of how much civilized each country is. As a result of quality health care and the development of society, people are living to higher age. These days, men are on average expected to live up to 79 years, women up to 74 years {--} figures that would have been considered unthinkable in the past. Taking into account these figures, several questions arise: Are we adequately prepared? Do we have, today, a system of care for the elderly to assure a respectable life for us and our parents in future? In the most ideal world, it would be the family or a close relative who would look after the old, ill or the person with limited self-sufficiency. However, this is a very demanding claim on family environment in these nervous and fast-pacing days. My bachelor thesis analyses the question of old age and all the problems it brings. I have attempted to look deeper into the role of a nurse in homecare. The practical part aims to map the role of a nurse in a home-based care and to determine her possibilities (on the basis of a questionnaire technique) in treating the elderly with health problems at home. Another partial goal of this thesis is to ascertain what needs do the ill elderly people have at home and in what ways can the nurse satisfy these needs, and to determine the physical and social strain it creates on the caregiver. After analyzing the results, my conclusion is as follows: The role of a non-professional caregiver is very significant. Family has and will always have an irreplaceable place in the care for its dependant members. There is no way any medical organization can replace the role of a family in the care for its ill family members. Care, especially long-term care, can be both mentally and physically demanding and puts an enormous strain on the caregiver. Caregivers are threatened by the deterioration of family ties, loss of friends, limited social contacts leading up to social isolation, they are prone to suffer from health problems and, in many cases, great exhaustion. The solution is to make use of a home-based care: professional nursing care provided by professional nurses. The purpose of a home-based care is to leave the patient in his/her home environment as long as possible and, at the same time, to provide professional nursing care. This care is complementary to family care; the nurse is helping the caregiver - family member. Based on my analysis, it's a very gratifying fact that nurses working in this line of work provide it gladly and with loving care. The care for the elderly is based on the principle of gratefulness, love, on the principle of sharing mutual feelings and the joys of small improvements. If we manage to increase the quality of life of caregivers with an adequate help, we will also enable the elderly or ill people to lead a contended and better quality life.
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Students´ perception of doctors
VOLNÝ, Hynek
Dissertation Abstract {--} Students{\crq} Perception of Doctors My dissertation consists of a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part proceeds from the following theories; personality and nurse personality theory, practical focus of FSHS`s students, social perception, social motivation in terms of nurses {--} doctors - students relationship, the meaning of the medical staff team work, social status of Nursing staff, a nurses{\crq} image, conflicts within working relationships and the importance of communication within the medical staff team. Within the practical part, I conducted a survey. I applied the Semantic Differential Theory by Osgood in the questionnaires distributed; each questionnaire consisted of ten questions; seven closed and three half-open. The survey was conducted among FSHS{\crq}s students in their second and third year of the General Nurse Bachelor studies and those in their first and second year of Nursing postgraduate studies. The 151 questionnaires were distributed both electronically and hard copies. I received 105 questionnaires, from which I excluded seven due to faulty completion. With this I have taken 98 (68 %) of the questionnaires into account. My goal is to discover how doctors are perceived by those FSHS{\crq}s students who have gained some work experience within their studies. There is a positive response of two thirds within questions investigating students{\crq} perceptions of doctors in the sense of their work relationships; hence I can conclude that the hypothesis H1: Students have a good working experience with doctors at the Ceske Budejovice Hospital has been proved. With regards to the questions about students{\crq} perceptions of their status during the work experience, I divide their answers into three groups; 40% of students (40) do not have any specific feelings, 29% of them (28) find their status positive and 31% (31) express an antagonistic opinion. Following the results stated above, the hypothesis H2: Students perceive that they are closely involved in the team work during their work experience can be viewed as unproved. As for my assessment of the semantic differential, hypothesis H3: Students{\crq} perceptions of doctors are biased has been proved. Analysing answers for each study year separately, this shows that students are both positively and negatively biased towards doctors. However, this does not apply to the assessment from the general point of view; it can be said that students are biased positively towards doctors. Hypothesis H4, which investigates if the age of students can influence the frequency of their bias towards doctors, has not been proved. It can be concluded both from the answers analysis, in which is obvious that bias frequency is not descendent but a change in their nature, and from the statistic data analysis by `Chi square test{\crq}, which has not proved any relation between the age and the bias. My dissertation is intended as a useful starting point for further research of a status and perception of students, nurses and doctors. As the author, I would recommend increasing the amount of respondents in the research in order to signify the results concluded.
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