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Vliv pastevních pozemků na parametry vody v malém vodním toku
KUBELOVÁ, Barbora
The diploma thesis deals with the comparison of selected surface water properties in a small watercourse in the "Pasecký potok" and "Váčkový potok" river basins in 2018 and 2019. The evaluation was performed in three currency profiles- the upper specific profile of "Váčkový potok", the lower specific profile of "Váčkový potok" and "Pasecký potok". The differences between these streams are in the management of the landscape and in the use of the landscape by man, which means a significant effect on the chemistry of water in surface water. The monitored hydrochemical indi-cators in the profiles were electrolytic conductivity, pH, insolubles, nitrates, phosphates, total organic carbon, inorganic carbon, total carbon and total nitrogen. Limit values of Government Regulation No. 401/2015 Sb. were not exceeded in the upper profile of "Váčkový potok" and in the profile of "Pasecký potok". The values of total nitrogen was exceeded in the lower specific profile of "Váčkový potok".The basin of the lower profile of "Váčkový potok" is located near arable land and in this profile other values were higher- electrolytic conductivity, pH, nitrates, total organic carbon, inorganic carbon and total carbon were proved. Human intervention in the upper profile of "Váčkový potok" and in "Pasecký potok" is small. We can consider the state of ecosystems here to be the most similar to a natural landscape.
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The influence of agricultural activities on the stream water quality in natural reservation
NOVOMĚSTSKÁ, Markéta
The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the impact of agricultural activity on hydrochemical parameters of surface waters in connection with the occurence of specially protected species within the surface waters of a monitored area. A model was chosen for the evaluation of the situation - Bedřichovský potok, which is located in Novohradské hory. The river consists of lower and upper sub-waters. Forest management is applied within upper sub-basin, while agricultural management on arable land, meadows and pastures is used in the lower sub-basin. The monitored parameters were indicators of eutrophication of surface waters: Nitrate nitrogen (N-NO3-), Phosphate phosphorus (P-PO43-), and conductivity of undissolved material (NL105). The results showed that the agriculture management (especially on arable land) burdens the soil with nutrients and consequently erosion enters the substances, bringing them to the surface and ground water as a result. There was an increase of substances in the water after rain.
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The influence of agricultural activities on selected physical and chemical parameters of surface water
MIKEŠOVÁ, Aneta
The aim of this diploma thesis was a statistical evaluation of the impact of farming methods and the land cover on hydrochemical parameters of surface waters drainage patterns in Novohradské mountains and identify the possible impact of agriculture on the valuesof these parameters. The area for the evaluation is consist of lower and upper parts of the basin of Pasecký, Bedřichovský and Váčkový stream. Sampling sites include agriculturally cultivated land, but also forest ecosystems. The work is mainly focused on the following parameters: conductivity, nitrate nitrogen (N-NO3-), suspended solids (NL105) and phosphate phosphorus (P-PO43-), which are parameters causing eutrophication of water. The parameters changes were analysed for the years 2014 - 2017. Significant differences were observed in the all three streams in the water chemisms between upper and lower parts of the watersheds of conductivity and nitrate nitrogen (N-NO3-). The results confirmed that the farming has a significant influence on the water quality in the Pasecký, Bedřichovský and Váčkový stream although it is an extensive farming.
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Hydrochemical and hydrogeological assessment of spring waters in the western Lusatian Mountains and Zittau Basin
Palkovičová, Veronika ; Komínková, Dana (advisor) ; Kamil, Kamil (referee)
The bachelor thesis was conducted within the project "Springs connect landscapes and countries - environmental education and cooperation in the Liberec - Zittau region". The studied area is located along border of the Czech Republic and the Federal Republic of Germany, in the region of the former Sudetenland. The area encompasses two sea drainage basins and four geological units, resulting in a diverse landscape morpholgy with various types of groundwater.
From March until December 2016, field measurements and water sampling were carried out on selected springs in the western part of the Liberec - Zittau region. Basic physical-chemical parametres (temperature, pH-value, electrical conductivity, redox-potential, dissolved oxygen and, if possible, discharge) were determinee on the field. Water samples were collected and processed in the laboratory. Concentrations of most anions (SO42-, Cl-, NO3-, PO43-, ...) were measured by Ion Chromatograph (Dionex ICS-1100). Cations (Ca2+, Na+, Mg2+, Fe3+, Al3+, K+, ...) were measured by inductively coupled plasma with optical emission or mass spectrometry (ICP-OES, ICP-MS), depending on the expected concentration.
The measured data was averaged and sorted into four geological categories according to the geological map (crystalline complex, cretaceous, quaternary sediments, volcanites). Data were further evaluated using the demo version of the commercially available AquaChem hydrochemical software (Piper and Stiff diagram) as well as in the statistical program R. The average concentrations in most springs confirmed the attribution to the particular geological settings, however, some springs reveal a significant affect by agricultural activity. From the graphical representation of the concentration of selected ions in the spring water, it is also evident that the Quaternary sediments of the Zittau basin were likely formed from the surrounding crystalline.
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Management of agricultural landscape and its impact on ion concentrations in running water
MIKEŠOVÁ, Aneta
The aim of this thesis was to compare chemical and physical parameters of surface water drainage patterns in Novohradské mountains and identify the possible impact of agriculture on the values of these parameters. Were used data for 2015 and 2016. Sampling sites include agriculturally cultivated land, but also forest ecosystems. The work is mainly focused on the following parameters: conductivity, pH, alkalinity, NO3-N and PO4-P, which are parameters causing eutrophication of water. The difference between the upper closures flows in forest ecosystems and lower closures flows near the agriculturally cultivated land has been contradictory. Conductivity values clearly showed that agricultural activity deteriorating water quality because conductivity at lower closures flows was sometimes three times higher than conductivity in the forest ecosystems, but for example, the value of PO4-P concentrations were higher at the upper closures flows, ie in forest ecosystems.
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The algae of water basins i Novohradské hory
PLOCOVÁ, Alena
This thesis deals with six ponds, artificial snall lakes, (Mlýnský, Huťský, Pohořský, Uhlišťský rybník, Zlatá Ktiš a Kapelung) in the Novohradské mountains. They were studied at the interval of years 2004-2006. The basic hydrochemistries and variety of species of planktonic Algae and Cyanobacteria were analysed there. The volume of NH4-N was the highest in Mlýnský pond (20-76 ?g/l), which proves for a recent organic pollution. In other cases the rate was in range of 13-53 ?g/l. The most of NO2-N was again found in Mlýnský pond where its rate reached up to 420 ?g/l. The total amount of t-P was of the same rate in all the sites. It differed only slightly- 58-91 ?g/l. From the hydrochemical data follows that the most nutrients loaded is Mlýnský pond and the cleanest is Pohořský one The transparency (Seccki depth) of all the localities is also high (76-200 cm). It can be compared to the lakes of the Bavarian Forrest and the Bohemia Forest (Šumava). The proportion of N/P is usually between 7,0-29,8 (Chart 11), which shows evidence of limiting P (the most common limiting factor for phytoplankton in fresh waters). The total amount of found taxa (98) is comparable to e.g. lakes of the Bohemia Forest (260), this ara is however more explored. The largest amount of species is at Huťský pond (38) and the smallest one is at Uhlišťský pond (17). As a new species for the the Czech Republik was found Staurastrum arctiscon and Phaeospaera gelatinosa, than another interesting discovery is Vacuolaria penardii and Chloromonas nivalis (Scotiella nivalis). Also Dicranochaete sp. and Paulinella chromatophora are noticeable. The ponds of the Novohradské mountains are from the point ob view of hydrochemistry view unigue habitats. They make for refugium oligotrophic, rare and interesting species of Cyanobacteria and Algea and that is why they deserve proper protection.
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