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Studium genetické struktury a diverzity různých populací dravců (Falconiformes)
Bryndová, Marta
The main aim of this thesis was to evaluate the genetic variability in different populations of birds of prey in the Czech Republic. As an alternative source, the feathers were used for the extraction of DNA. The reference species were chosen the Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus) and the Saker Falcon (Falco cherrug), which was also compared with the subpopulation living in Slovakia. Ten microsatellite markers from the literature were tested. Polymorphism of markers varied significantly, locus NVH fp5 was the least polymorphic (PIC = 0.185 F. p; PIC = 0.119 F. ch.). Null alleles were observed in this locus in the Peregrine Falcon population, that is why it should be discarded from the microsatellite panel. The genetic diversity was low among subpopulations of the Peregrine Falcon. FST for the population living in the captivity and living in the wild was 0.025. In the case of the Saker Falcon subpopulation living in Slovakia showed moderate genetic diversity values (0.185 for the subpopulation living in the captivity and 0.126 for the subpopulation living in the wild in the Czech Republic). All subpopulations (except museum specimens of the Saker Falcon) were in Hardy - Weinberg equilibrium. Gene flow was higher among subpopulations of the Peregrine Falcon than the Saker Falcon, where the other population from the different geographical area was also included. 454 sequencing revealed 3 complete mitochondrial DNA sequences of Peregrine Falcons, 2 of Saker Falcons and 2 of Gyrfalcons (Falco rusticolus). The longest sizes were 16,154 bp for the Saker Falcon, 17,239 bp for Gyrfalcon and 17,527 bp for the Peregrine Falcon. Sequence of the Peregrine Falcon was inserted into the Genbank database under accession number JX029991. Whole genome mitochondrial DNA sequences of Saker Falcons and Gyrfalcons have never been published, that is why it will be the part of the new manuscript.
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