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Comparison of postoperative analgesia in ICU
Trojanová, Eva ; Bruthans, Jan (advisor) ; Pavlíček, Bohumil (referee)
The thesis deals with comparing the postoperative analgesia with a focus on pacients after hip replacement surgery at the intensive care units. The quantitative study realized at the Fakultní nemocnice v Motole and Nemocnice Třebíč during November 2012 and February 2013. The main task of the theoretical part is to analyze the current trends in the field of post- operativeanalgesia by the patients undergoing hip joint surgery as well as the explanation the basicconcepts of this issue and overviewing the international postoperative pain treatments. The practical part is an objective comparison the postoperative analgesia byselected patients at the Fakultní nemocnice v Motole and Nemocnice Třebíč determined by questionnaire. The results of the questionnaire are processed into graphical representation and subsequently evaluated. The work serves to clarify the overall issue of post-operative analgesia. The focus is mainly on ensuring the quality of postoperative analgesia, the financial requirements administered analgesics and the possible complications associated with the use of analgesic therapy. Key words: Analgesia, pain, hip surgery, visual analogue scale, analgesics
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Use of acupuncture in rehabilitation of vertebrogenic algic syndrome
NOVÝ, Filip
The topic of my thesis is a description of the possibilities of using acupuncture in the treatment of VAS. The thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. In my work, I focus on the current state of knowledge about acupuncture: the history of acupuncture, Eastern philosophy, its principles, acupuncture meridians and points. In terms of modern rehabilitation, I focus in the theoretical section on the issue of trigger points (TrPs), which have a highly significant position in modern studies on acupuncture. The second part of the theoretical work is concentrated on the phenomenon of pain, which is an important element in understanding VAS and the operating principles of acupuncture. In the third part I attempt to describe and compare modern techniques and alternative acupunctures used in the treatment of VAS. To address the efficiency and reliability of the techniques I analyzed data from reputable international studies. The practical part begins with a list of the methods employed and a definition of research objectives and research questions. The aim of the research was to consider the possibilities of the use of acupuncture in the treatment of VAS and, by means of a questionnaire, to assess its analgesic effect.
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Experience of expecting mothers with spinal analgesia
VRHELOVÁ, Jitka
Obstetric analgesia has lately become a modern supplement during physiological birth as well as during births with increased risk. Spinal analgesia together with epidural analgesia represent important methods in obstetric analgesia and anesthesia during delivery. The objective and the core of my thesis is to make a survey of expecting mothers´ experience with spinal analgesia which is a less used method of obstetric analgesia than for example the epidural method. But because this method is entirely equivalent to the epidural method, it is advisable to get familiar with its adverse and positive aspects and especially with the expecting mothers´ response to this method. In the thesis I used combination of quantitative and qualitative research, with six objectives, six hypotheses and two research questions. Methods of collecting data were questionnaires and interviews. The research database consisted of women after vaginal as well as operative deliveries who had used spinal analgesia or anesthesia during delivery. Objective 1 {--} to find out the overall awareness of women about methods of obstetric analgesia was fulfilled and hypothesis 1 {--} women do not have enough information about methods of obstetric analgesia was confirmed. Objective 2 {--} to find out whether the spinal analgesia method brings expected comfort of painless birth to expecting mothers was fulfilled. Hypothesis 2 {--} spinal analgesia method brings expected comfort of painless birth to expecting mothers was confirmed as well. Objective 3 {--} to find out whether spinal analgesia has a positive effect on the course of delivery was fulfilled. Hypothesis 3 which stated that spinal analgesia method has a positive effect on course of delivery was confirmed as well. Objective 4 to find out how the spinal analgesia method influences condition of fetus during delivery was fulfilled. Hypothesis 4 {--} spinal analgesia method has a positive influence on condition of faetus during delivery was confirmed. Objective 5 was to find out side effects of spinal analgesia during delivery as well as in confinement. The objective was fulfilled and the hypothesis was confirmed as well. Objective 6 to compare postoperative condition of mothers after Caesarean section in spinal analgesia and total anesthesia was fulfilled. The hypothesis stated to objective 6 was also confirmed . Two hypotheses can be stated from the results of qualitative research which comprised two research questions. The first hypothesis claims that spinal analgesia has a positive effect on physical condition of expecting mothers during delivery. The second hypothesis claims that spinal analgesia has a positive effect on mental condition of expecting mothers. The findings from the field of obstetric analgesia and research results can be used in the nursing process not only in delivery rooms and obstetric wards but also in primary care where the pregnant woman gets into the very first contact with medical staff.
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