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Simulated accident of car lifting defined chemical substance in defined city
TLUŠŤÁK, Kamil
The aim of this diploma thesis is to simulate a road accident of a vehicle carrying a chosen dangerous chemical substance in a chosen city. We chose a crash site based on statistical inquiry of the number of road accidents. We chose a chemical substance by analyzing substances used in the vicinity of the chosen city. Through the use of simulation, we described and created a proposition of solving the arose extraordinary event, for the components of Emergency Service units. After completing these objectives, it will be possible to answer the research question: What kind of jeopardy does the leakage of a chosen chemical substance represent, during transportation in a chosen town? The theoretical part firstly focuses on basic terms that we worked with in the thesis. Basic legislative fixing point of dangerous objects and substances is described. Also, European and interstate regulations about transportation of these things is described. European agreement ADR is separately described further away. In the next part, manipulation with dangerous substances and mixtures is described as it is shown in Enactment EP and Council No. 1272/2008/ES, or the enactment of CLP. The characteristics determining their hazardousness, the way of evaluation and classification of dangerous substances and mixtures into corresponding categories is also described. Separately described are ways of packaging and numbering these substances. In the last part, we described the making of a safety list about chemical substances and mixtures, with an emphasis on the information about their transportation. In the next part we described the transportation of dangerous objects and substances on the highway. Further away we described appropriateness and demands for transportation of dangerous substances, for example demands on choosing vehicle personnel, the transportation itself and the equipment that every vehicle must have. We described the risks related with transportation and planning routes for transporting dangerous substances and objects. The aim of the assessments and precautions above are to minimalize risks related to transportation of dangerous substances and thus make it relatively safe. Unfortunately, this is not absolutely possible. This was also found to be true in the empirical part of the thesis, in which we carried out an analysis of the statistics of road accidents of vehicles in the ADR mode, and we found that the human factor is indeed the cause of these accidents. It was proven that 94% of all the road accidents of vehicles in the ADR mode was caused by the driver of the vehicle.Further away, the number of Emergency Service units interferences in cases of dangerous substance leakage and procedures carried out during those interferences, are described. In the empirical part of the thesis, we described methods of choosing the crash site and the dangerous substance. As a crash site we chose highway I/49 in Zlín county, that is evaluated as a highway of medium risk of road accidents, on the road risk map of Czech Republic. More accurately, cross-road of Třída Tomáše Bati and Březnická street in Zlín. When choosing the right substance we conducted an analysis of chemical substance usage in Zlín county. Subsequently we chose aqueous solution of ammoniac, which is being transported on the highway I/49 by two companies. It is prepared in IBC containers with the volume of 1000 liters. Acquired data was used for simulation, evaluation of the extraordinary event and for choosing the number of individuals in jeopardy.The simulation was executed using the TerEx software. Subsequently, the proposal for dealing with the extraordinary event by the Emergency Service units was developed. Based on the executed simulation, it is possible to assess that transportation of dangerous substances and mixtures constitutes a great danger in the residential area with a high number of habitable and administrative buildings.
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The utilization of the Amalgerol product on the sheep thick bedding
NOVOTNÁ, Marie
Utilization of biotechnological agents for reduction ammonia emission in agriculture is one of the ways how to lower emissions of greenhouse gases and ammonia gas and simultaneously construct better living environment for stabled animals. Experiment acknowledged its positive influence to decrease of ammonia emissions. During the first three applications occurred significant decrease, in average by 40 % in comparison with the values from the previous week. The second week of application occured the decrease also significantly by 23 % and the third week is the difference smaller probably due to the already advanced micro-life supported by the regular spray irrigation. These lowered values are maintained during the following weeks with only low bidirectional deviations of 10 %. Average reduction of the ammonium emissions in the observed years was 50, 89 % on the sheep thick bedding. By the horses bedding was the reduction of ammonium emissions by 41,84 % in the first day and 28,74 % in the second day. The sheep bedding was the subject of decomposition during the observed period, while the horses bedding was replaced as a whole at longest in 5 days. The bedding had significantly better consistency and was evenly and better decomposed after the application of the product. There were noticed lower emissions of the odoriferous gases during the clearing of the bedding in the stable. The influence of the product on the improvement of the sheep toes health was also confirmed as well as its deodorant effects. The sheep toes diseases were eradicated to the level of 77, 5 % of healthy animals. Due to the lowered frequency of disease occurrence were lowered the costs for medication by 46 %. Regarding these results it is possible to state, that applications the Amalgerol product leads to the improvement of the living environment of the bred animals and herewith the positive influence on the breed economy.
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